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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Governance and Management of the
NUCLEAR SECURITY ENTERPRISE

Panel to Track and Assess Governance and Management Reform
in the Nuclear Security Enterprise

Laboratory Assessments Board

Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences

A Consensus Study Report of

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and

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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, DC
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001

This activity was supported by Contract No. DOE DE-NA0003381 with the Department of Energy. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.

International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-68300-5
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-68300-9
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/25933

Cover: Photo by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The preamplifiers of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s National Ignition Facility (NIF) are the first step in increasing the energy of laser beams as they make their way toward the target chamber. NIF is the world’s most precise and reproducible laser system. It precisely guides, amplifies, reflects, and focuses 192 powerful laser beams into a target about the size of a pencil eraser in a few billionths of a second, delivering more than 2 million joules of ultraviolet energy and 500 trillion watts of peak power.

Additional copies of this publication are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu.

Copyright 2020 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/25933.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
×

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The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president.

The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president.

The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine.

Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
×

Image

Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task.

Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies.

For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
×

Image

The National Academy of Public Administration is an independent, non-profit, and non-partisan organization established in 1967 and chartered by Congress in 1984. It provides expert advice to government leaders in building more effective, efficient, accountable, and transparent organizations. To carry out this mission, the Academy draws on the knowledge and experience of its over 900 Fellows—including former cabinet officers, Members of Congress, governors, mayors, and state legislators, as well as prominent scholars, business executives, and public administrators. The Academy helps public institutions address their most critical governance and management challenges through in-depth studies and analyses, advisory services and technical assistance, congressional testimony, forums and conferences, and online stakeholder engagement. Teresa W. Gerton is president and CEO. Learn more about the Academy and its work at www.NAPAwash.org.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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PANEL TO TRACK AND ASSESS GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT REFORM IN THE NUCLEAR SECURITY ENTERPRISE

JONATHAN D. BREUL, NAPA,1 Independent Consultant, Co-Chair

DONALD LEVY, NAS,2 University of Chicago, Co-Chair

ALLAN V. BURMAN, NAPA, Jefferson Solutions

KEITH A. COLEMAN, Boeing Phantom Works

DONA L. CRAWFORD, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (retired)

MARTIN C. FAGA, NAPA, MITRE Corporation (retired)

PAUL A. FLEURY, NAS/NAE,3 Yale University (retired)

T.J. GLAUTHIER, TJG Energy Associates, LLC

DAVID GRAHAM, Institute for Defense Analyses

WILLIAM C. GREENWALT, NAPA, American Enterprise Institute

ROBERT HALE, NAPA, Booz Allen Hamilton

BARBARA ROMZEK, NAPA, American University

JOAN B. WOODARD, Sandia National Laboratories (retired)

MERRI WOOD-SCHULTZ, Los Alamos National Laboratory (retired)

Staff

SARAH (SALLY) JAGGAR, NAPA, National Academy of Public Administration, Staff Co-Lead

SCOTT WEIDMAN, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Staff Co-Lead

SHENAE BRADLEY, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

ADAM DARR, National Academy of Public Administration

LAWRENCE B. NOVEY, National Academy of Public Administration

MARIA RAPUANO, National Academy of Public Administration

MICHELLE SCHWALBE, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

SEAN SMOOKE, National Academy of Public Administration

___________________

1 Fellow, National Academy of Public Administration.

2 Member, National Academy of Sciences.

3 Member, National Academy of Engineering.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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LABORATORY ASSESSMENTS BOARD

ROSS B. COROTIS, NAE,1 University of Colorado, Boulder, Chair

WESLEY L. HARRIS, NAE, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

JENNIE S. HWANG, NAE, H-Technologies Group

W. CARL LINEBERGER, NAS,2 University of Colorado, Boulder

C. KUMAR N. PATEL, NAS/NAE, Pranalytica, Inc.

ELSA REICHMANIS, NAE, Georgia Institute of Technology

LYLE H. SCHWARTZ, NAE, University of South Florida

Staff

JAMES P. McGEE, Board Director

ARUL MOZHI, Senior Program Officer

MARTIN OFFUTT, Senior Program Officer

EVA LABRE, Administrative Coordinator

AZEB GETACHEW, Senior Program Assistant

___________________

1 Member, National Academy of Engineering.

2 Member, National Academy of Sciences.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Preface

The Panel to Track and Assess Governance and Management Reform in the Nuclear Security Enterprise was jointly established by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and the National Academy of Public Administration to carry out a 4.5-year assessment of the National Nuclear Security Administration’s (NNSA’s) responses to long-standing governance and management problems affecting the nuclear security enterprise. This is the panel’s final report.

We are pleased to report that progress has been made and are grateful for all the hard work that staff members across the enterprise have devoted to improving governance and management. We are also very aware of the burden that a lengthy external evaluation imposes on such an enterprise. We wish to thank the many individuals in NNSA and the laboratories, sites, and plants that comprise the nuclear security enterprise for their cooperation and assistance in carrying out the panel’s charge. Administrator Lisa Gordon-Hagerty, Administrator Frank Klotz, and numerous senior officials from all elements of the enterprise generously met multiple times with the whole panel and/or participated in individual interviews. NNSA leadership provided the panel with access to many employees for useful information-gathering and general discussions. And the panel was hosted by most of the laboratories, production plants, and other sites for interesting and fruitful visits that featured discussions with large numbers of staff members. We appreciate that so many individuals spoke candidly to us and view that as a testament to their dedication to the mission of the enterprise and their commitment to its long-term excellence. We wish to extend special thanks to NNSA’s Office of Policy and Strategic Planning, our point of coordination, for working with us on this endeavor.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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We thank NNSA and the Department of Energy for their generous assistance and openness in helping the panel conduct its study. The value of this study results from the work of our fellow panel members, who devoted an extraordinary amount of personal time and energy to this task, and we are very grateful. We also thank the panel staff for all of their contributions to this study.

Jonathan Breul and Donald Levy, Co-Chairs
Panel to Track and Assess Governance and
Management Reform in the Nuclear
Security Enterprise

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Acknowledgment of Reviewers

This Consensus Study Report was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published report as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process.

We thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

David S.C. Chu, NAPA,1 Institute for Defense Analyses (retired)

Jared L. Cohon, NAE,2 Carnegie Mellon University

Miriam E. John, Sandia National Laboratories—California (retired)

Richard W. Mies, The Mies Group, Ltd.

Cherry A. Murray, NAS3/NAE, University of Arizona

Julia M. Phillips, NAE, Sandia National Laboratories (retired)

Elizabeth M. Robinson, NAPA, Air Line Pilots Association

Charles V. Shank, NAS/NAE, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (retired)

Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations of this report nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Robert F. Sproull, NAE, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with the standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the authoring committee and the National Academies and National Academy of Public Administration.

___________________

1 Fellow, National Academy of Public Administration.

2 Member, National Academy of Engineering.

3 Member, National Academy of Sciences.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and National Academy of Public Administration. 2020. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/25933.
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The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)leads a nuclear security enterprise that includes three national laboratories, several production facilities, and an experimental test site. NNSA's mission is protect the American people by maintaining a safe, secure, and effective nuclear weapons stockpile; by reducing global nuclear threats; and by providing the U.S. Navy with safe, militarily effective naval nuclear propulsion plants.

The FY2016 National Defense Authorization Act called for the National Academies, in partnership with the National Academy of Public Administration, to track and assess progress over 2016-2020 to reform governance and management of the enterprise. Governance and Management of the Nuclear Security Enterprise assesses the effectiveness of reform efforts and makes recommendations for further action.

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