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29 Case Example 1âLivingston County Spencer J. Hardy Airport (OZW) The Livingston County Airport (OZW) is a reliever airport in the greater Detroit area serving Livingston County and other areas of southeast Michigan, and is situated in Howell, Michigan. The airport has approximately 175 based aircraft and serves the greater Livingston County area. This case example is based on an interview with Mr. Mark Johnson, Airport Manager, his responses to the survey, documentation provided, and other relevant documented sources. C H A P T E R 5 Case Examples LIVINGSTON COUNTY SPENCER J. HARDY AIRPORT (OZW) Airport Characteristics NPIAS Category: Reliever Asset Role: Local Governance: County Population of Area Served: 100,000+ Number of Operations (2018): 45,000 annual Number of Airport Employees: 3 FT, 2 PT, 4 Casual Based Aircraft: 175 Distance to Community: 2 miles Service Structure: The county owns and operates the airport, providing services including fueling, line, and ground handling. Ground Transportation Alternatives Available at Airport There are a number of modes of ground transportation available to users of the Livingston County Airport. These options include car rentals, taxis, limousine/sedan service, TNCs (Lyft), bicycles, and a courtesy vehicle. The primary needs for ground transportation for those arriving at the airport are business, recreation, meals, and lodging.
30 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation Car Rentals Two national automobile rental franchises serve the Livingston County Airport from off- site locations. Both car rental companies will deliver rental vehicles to the airport for pilots and passenger customers upon request. One rental company, however, qualifies delivery service to the airport to preferred club member customers only. The other rental company will deliver vehicles for all airport and customer requests. For the latter, the airport is party to a formal licensing agreement with the car rental company that allows the airport to act as agent in dealing directly with the customer at point of sale. This process involves airport staff ensuring that the rental paperwork is in order, obtaining customer signatures, providing the keys to the customer, and directing them to the vehicle on behalf of the car rental company. The airport finds it advantageous to coordinate rental vehicles directly with the customer as provided in the licensing agreement. This allows for a more cohesive one stop shop and all- inclusive service experience for the customer. Although this may cost the airport in terms of staff time and effort, the airport benefits by ensuring control of the quality of service delivered and a decrease in potential inconvenience for the customer. The relationship with the car rental franchise also sometimes allows for the re-rental of vehicles that have been returned and can be quickly cleaned and returned to service. This may be helpful when car availability is limited, or an immediate customer need materializes. The airport cautions that this may not work well for all smaller airports because of staffing limitations. OZW has a full-time counter presence. An example of the car rental licensing agreement is in Appendix G. There are an estimated three to four car rentals per week at the airport. The airport does not charge the car rental companies any fees, percentage of revenues, or fees for dedicated parking areas for rental vehicles. The arrangement is beneficial to both the airport and the car rental companies, and an informal process involving periodic check-in meetings with regional managers of the car rental companies to discuss issues and evaluate the effectiveness of the service is conducted. Taxis There are a number of taxi services in the area; however, this transportation is not widely used in comparison with other available modes of ground transportation. The airport reports some inconsistencies in the reliability of this service, and there can be delays. TNCs (Uber, Lyft) This customer-arranged, web-based service is gaining in popularity and is a convenient way for customers to set up and receive point-to-point ground transportation directly from the airport to destinations within the area. The airport has limited involvement with this service with the exception of fielding calls about the availability of the alternative. The typical wait time on a Lyft ride is 15 to 20 minutes. Limousine/Sedan The airport occasionally receives requests for limousine service that can be arranged by directing the request or arranging for the service. The limousine service suggested by the airport originates in neighboring Detroit, which is approximately a 45-minute drive away. Bicycles The airport has a number of bicycles available for use for those arriving by air. The airport reports that the bikes are not often used by passengers and are most likely to be used for recreation and exercise of corporate flight crews. This can be a fun thing to pass the time for
Case Examples 31 those individuals that are waiting for sometimes hours while their passengers are conducting business in town. Courtesy Vehicle Transportation Available at Airport The airport currently uses a 2002 Ford Crown Victoria in fair/good condition as its courtesy vehicle (Figure 16). There have been two different cars authorized by the county for this purpose over the last 6 years. The courtesy vehicle is checked out for use an estimated five times per week on average. Process for Acquiring the Airport Courtesy Vehicle The airport manager has been in his position at OZW for nearly 30 years and championed the importance of acquiring a courtesy vehicle at the airport for 24 years with two different county administrations before finally succeeding in this cause relatively recently. His persistent efforts, together with the support of two airport board chairmen and others, finally resulted in the acquisition of a depreciated county vehicle for this purpose. The county ultimately autho- rized the airport to acquire the 2002 Ford Crown Victoria from the sheriff department that would have otherwise gone to auction. The airport paid the sheriff department for the vehicle. Airport representatives argued in favor of the benefits of the courtesy vehicle for decades, citing the millions of dollars that the airport had invested in facilities as an economic develop- ment tool and the need to pair that investment with adequate and convenient ground trans- portation. They cited the common occurrence of airport staff even allowing customers to use their own personal vehicles to ensure a positive customer experience. The airport manager also reported that another determining factor in the decision that was helpful is that the air- port is financially self-supported with no additional subsidized funding required to purchase and maintain the courtesy vehicle. Advocacy for the vehicle included convincing county officials of the importance of having a courtesy vehicle while the primary barrier to acquiring the vehicle was the issue of how the vehicle would be insured. Insurance The issue of insuring the courtesy vehicle at the airport was the primary initial concern of the county administration prior to obtaining the courtesy vehicle. There were no data available Figure 16. Livingston County Airport courtesy vehicle. (Source: Livingston County Airport.)
32 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation on any of the potential users or named drivers, making it difficult to assess risk and impacts to the overall policy. This barrier was overcome by determining that the vehicle would be covered under the blanket fleet policy, the same as any other vehicle owned by the county regardless of the user. The value of the vehicle is low, and liability risk concerns are mitigated further through a more formal check-out procedure involving such things as providing limitations on use and verification of driverâs license. The county insures their vehicles utilizing a fleet policy with blanket vehicle damage and liability coverage for all users of the vehicles. The airport allocates approximately $500 per year toward the overall cost of the county blanket vehicle policy. To date, there has never been any incident or accident involving the use of the courtesy vehicle. Maintenance There is no formal written maintenance program for the airport courtesy vehicle at OZW. Airport staff relies on the county motor pool division to determine timing of routine service. The county motor pool assists the airport with basic maintenance including oil changes and other routine maintenance with the courtesy vehicle. The airport utilizes a local automobile maintenance shop for all other maintenance or repair needs. The annual budget allocation for all maintenance needs is estimated at between $500 and $1,000. Vehicle replacement is controlled by the motor pool division because they are in the best position to evaluate fleet vehicles for replacement. Fully depreciated vehicles may be replaced by other available vehicles as appropriate. Reservation and Check-Out Procedures The airport utilizes some short-term reservation by prior arrangement, but generally customers are able to use the courtesy vehicle on a first come, first served basis. Therefore, there is no need for any reservation system or software. The county requires that users of the courtesy vehicle complete a check-out form before the vehicle goes out. The check-out form also includes a one-page set of rules for use of the courtesy vehicle. Limitations of Use/After-Hours Accessibility The use of the courtesy vehicle is primarily available for pilots and flight crew. It is pre- ferred that passengers utilize other commercial type ground transportation options. There is a 2-hour limitation on use within the local area; however, this is not strictly enforced. Airport staff may sometimes vary from these limitations upon customer request in an effort to balance these rules with a customer service need. This is situational depending on demand for the use of the vehicle from other users. The airport does not require an aircraft fuel purchase to use the courtesy vehicle but does encourage the user to contribute by putting some fuel in the courtesy vehicle. It is not unusual for pilots to leave a cash donation with the airport in support of the vehicle. The courtesy vehicle is not typically available for use after posted airport service hours. The airport manager, however, explains that the airport may occasionally accommodate after- hours use by prior arrangement. This is normally for frequent customers that are return guests of the airport. In these cases, the required check-out form must be completed ahead of time. Effective Airport Ground Transportation Practices Airport employees strive for the best possible customer experience and prefer to coordinate all arriving pilot and passenger needs. Coordinating ground transportation alternatives is a
Case Examples 33 critical part of this service. The ability to coordinate the use of rental cars through the auto- mobile rental franchise licensing agreement has allowed the airport to ensure a cohesive quality service by controlling the interaction with the customer for nearly all of their needs upon arrival. Providing a courtesy vehicle is an effective way to service pilot needs by providing ground transportation for pilots and flight crews. A formal check-out procedure is used to document use and diminish airport liability by compelling the user to agree to rules of use, hold the airport harmless, and furnish license. Challenges/Barriers to Providing Last Mile Service Options The Livingston County Airport is fortunate to support multiple modes of ground trans- portation. Barriers to acquiring the courtesy vehicle component to supplement other com- mercial options were overcome by members of the airport administrative team led by a persistent champion of the cause. There is a desire to improve the availability of limousine service to the airport; however, this continues to be a challenge because of limited options within the community. Benefits of Ground Transportation Airport representatives value the availability of ground transportation and the courtesy vehicle as a convenient way to provide a complete customer experience, which enhances the economic benefit of the facility to the community. This is critical for the airport to function as an economic driver for the area. Other cited benefits include: ⢠Adds traffic to the airport because a pilot may choose to land at OZW over another facility because of the availability of ground transportation options. ⢠Increased fuel sales. ⢠Increase in commerce because of accessibility to the local business community, including restaurants, convenience stores, and hotels. ⢠Allows pilots and passengers to do business in town by connecting the arriving decision makers, suppliers, vendors, and others. Advice to Smaller Airports It is suggested that the airport work with the community to assess ground transportation needs and seek alternatives that can be supported by the community given market factors such as population. Persistence is sometimes required when seeking approval for use of a governing authority fleet vehicle. Summary The Livingston County Airport has a variety of ground transportation modes available for customer use, which they view as essential for providing a good experience for the customer and connecting the airport to the community as an economic development tool. The airport values a formal process for working with car rental companies that allows for quality airport customer service. Pilots and passengers may also choose to make their own arrangements via taxis, limousine services, web-based services, or use the airport-provided courtesy vehicle or bicycles. All modes of transportation are marketed to airport patrons through the airport
34 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation website, web-based sites/directories, word of mouth, and the AFD/Chart Supplement: https:// www.faa.gov/air_traffic/flight_info/aeronav/digital_products/dafd/. With persistence, airport staff were able to overcome significant challenges in acquiring a courtesy vehicle. These challenges were centered around insuring the vehicle. Again, utilizing a formal check-out policy with rules and limitations of use helps to alleviate concerns and appears to work well for the airport. Case Example 2âOâNeill Municipal Airport (ONL) The OâNeill Municipal Airport (ONL) is a general aviation airport serving OâNeill, Nebraska, situated in Holt County. The airport has approximately 27 based aircraft and serves a predomi- nantly agricultural area in northeast Nebraska. The airport supports weekly Ameriflight, LLC twin turboprop flights contracted by UPS for freight forwarding service. This case example is based on an interview with Mr. Jake Dvorak, Airport Manager, his responses to the survey, documentation provided, and other relevant documented sources. Airport Characteristics NPIAS Category: General Aviation Asset Role: Local Governance: Authority Population of Area Served: 4,000 Number of Operations (2018): 7,300 annually Number of Airport Employees: 1 FT, 1 PT bookkeeper Based Aircraft: 27 Distance to Community: 3 miles Service Structure: The OâNeill Airport Authority owns the airport and operates as a political subdivision with an elected authority. The airport manager is contracted by the authority and provides aircraft fueling and line services, among other duties. Ground Transportation Alternatives Available at Airport The primary means of ground transportation at the OâNeill Municipal Airport is courtesy vehicles. There is also a local automobile dealer who will occasionally rent vehicles to customers that fly into the airport. The airport has no formal agreement nor incurs any costs associated with the dealership providing this service. Customers contact the dealer, who will bring the vehicle to the airport and coordinate the operation. Although the airport serves a small rural community, the airport maintains a robust fleet of courtesy vehicles. The airport manager states that customers âlove the courtesy cars.â The main need for ground transportation from the airport includes business, freight, pleasure, and recreational hunting trips. The predominant businesses visited are in the agricultural industry and include a feedlot, grain elevator, and ethanol plant.
Case Examples 35 Courtesy Vehicle Transportation Available at Airport The airport currently uses five depreciated police department cars converted to airport courtesy cars. The vehicles are all in good shape with make and model as follows: ⢠Two Ford Crown Victoria Cruisers ⢠Two Chevrolet Impalas ⢠One Chevy Blazer The courtesy vehicles are used relatively frequently for a smaller airport at an estimated five to 20 times per week on average. Process for Acquiring the Airport Courtesy Vehicles All courtesy vehicles that serve the airport have come from the police department. The airport manager coordinates with the chief of police, who is also a pilot, to determine when vehicles need to be replaced. This close working relationship with City of OâNeill departments is advan- tageous for not only acquiring vehicles but also insuring and maintaining them. Insurance The City of OâNeill, through their insurer, maintains vehicle damage and liability coverage on all of the airport courtesy vehicles. The overall annual airport insurance coverage is approxi- mately $20,000. The airport reimburses the city for these costs, which includes approximately $1,000 per year for each courtesy vehicle. In the 9 years that the airport manager has been at the facility, there has only been one accident involving a courtesy vehicle. There was minimal damage on the courtesy vehicle; however, the cityâs liability coverage picked up the cost of repair for the other party. Maintenance All routine and preventive maintenance on the airport vehicles such as oil changes, brakes, and tires is handled by the city street department. There is no formal maintenance program or documentation for these services. The vehicles are taken to a local auto repair shop for all other repair or maintenance needs. The estimated annual maintenance cost per vehicle is between $500 and $1,000. These costs are paid out of the airport authority budget. Reservation and Check-Out Procedures There is no formal reservation or check-out procedure for any of the five airport courtesy vehicles. Vehicles are provided for users of the airport on a first come, first served basis during business hours Monday through Friday. Users are not required to complete any check-out forms or provide any documentation to make use of the vehicles. The airport is unattended after weekday business hours and on weekends. Courtesy vehicles can be accessed by prior arrangement or on demand by contacting the airport manager. Users will typically be directed to a lockbox in the terminal with a combination to access the keys. Limitations of Use The rules of use for the airport courtesy vehicles are posted above the lockbox. The primary limitation is that the vehicle is only to be used within a 50-mile radius of the airport. The airport also requests that users fuel the vehicles. Upon return to the airport, the keys can be dropped in the lockbox and secured whether during posted hours or after hours. Having multiple courtesy vehicles increases availability and allows the airport to provide flexibility in their use, including some deviation from the limitations. There have been occasions
36 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation that the vehicle has gone beyond the 50-mile radius. The airport manager recalls a number of stories including a user taking one of the vehicles on a 190-mile trip to Omaha, Nebraska. Another traveler arriving at the airport had an unusual need to make the 600-mile trip to Chicago, Illinois, and back in a courtesy vehicle. There is also no real limitation on duration of use. For example, a hunter regularly makes a trip to the airport and is allowed to use a courtesy vehicle for the week. Although many of these stories are on the extreme end of allowable devia- tions, they are also indicative of the value that the airport places on meeting customer ground transportation needs. The airport manager finds that pilots using the airport are generally responsible individuals that appreciate the informal and user-friendly service. They can count on the airport to meet their primary need after landing, which is making it to their final location within the community. Meeting the ground transportation needs for users of the airport is an important part of how the airport provides service. The airport manager has even lent out his own vehicle when all of the courtesy vehicles are out. Effective Airport Ground Transportation Practices It is beneficial to have a positive working relationship with the municipality. This is useful when working with governing bodies to acquire vehicles that would otherwise be sold or traded in. These agencies can also assist with insuring and maintaining vehicles under an overall fleet program. When limited ground transportation alternatives are available in a community, seek arrangements, whether formal or informal, with local automobile dealers. It can be effective to have multiple courtesy vehicles available for use, which increases avail- ability and allows for less limitations of use. Customers can use the vehicle for long periods of time because there are other vehicles available for additional customers to use when necessary. The airport therefore has more flexibility in allowing extended use and deviations from guidelines. Many times, pilots and users of the airport react favorably to an informal process of check- out and a demonstrated willingness to relax the limitations of use of courtesy vehicles. This is perceived as a friendly customer needâcentered service. Because pilots and users access the community at all hours and weekends, it can be effective to develop a means of providing after- hour access to courtesy vehicles. Challenges/Barriers to Providing Last Mile Service Options The primary challenge to providing last mile ground transportation for airport users is the limited options available within a small community. To overcome this barrier, the OâNeill Air- port has worked with the city to obtain a fleet of courtesy vehicles and also worked with a local car dealer to provide additional service. Another challenge with providing multiple vehicles can be that customers do not always put fuel in the courtesy vehicles after use. Filling vehicles with gas can be inconvenient for staff and costs the airport an approximate $50 per vehicle per year in additional fuel costs. Benefits of Ground Transportation ONL lists a number of benefits of providing ground transportation to users of the airport, which includes: ⢠Increased ability to meet customer needs and increased usefulness of the public facility for the community.
Case Examples 37 ⢠Increased fuel sales. ⢠Improved access to the local business community. ⢠Increased business in the local area when pilots and passengers spend money in the community. ⢠Increased aircraft traffic and repeat business. ⢠Competitive advantage over neighboring airports with no ground transportation. ⢠Multiple courtesy vehicles allow for greater flexibility of use. ⢠Working with city officials and local business has built a positive relationship with these entities and increased awareness of the airportâs role in the local community. Advice to Smaller Airports ⢠Work with the governing authority to acquire, insure, and maintain courtesy vehicles. ⢠Develop a relationship with community business entities such as car dealerships to assist with meeting airport user ground transportation needs. ⢠It is beneficial to have more than one vehicle. ⢠Be open to allowing customers to use vehicles beyond the guidelines of use when reasonable. ⢠An informal approach to providing ground transportation can be appreciated by customers. ⢠A lockbox in an accessible area makes it easy to provide services after hours. ⢠Anything that staff can do to assist customers with their ground transportation needs will be remembered by the customer and reflect positively on the airport. Summary Airport representatives believe that for the airport to fully support their customer needs, there has to be a way for the pilots and passengers to make it that last mile into the community. ONL has successfully worked with the local community to build relationships and provide ground transportation options for their users. The airport utilizes an informal process that allows users access to courtesy vehicles at nearly all times with relaxed limitations. There appears to be a high level of customer satisfaction with casual use of vehicles for sometimes as long as a week. Having multiple vehicles allows the airport more flexibility to provide this service and deviate from guidelines when in the best interest of the customer. This is particularly important with limited ground transportation options available in the area. This customer-centered service is beneficial to the airport with increased traffic and fuel sales, and allows airport staff to build positive relationships with both the customers and the community that they serve. Case Example 3âHillsdale Municipal Airport (JYM) The Hillsdale Municipal Airport (JYM) is a gen- eral aviation airport serving the city of Hillsdale, the county seat of Hillsdale County, Michigan. The air- port has approximately 18 based aircraft and serves a population of approximately 10,000 people. This case example is based on an interview with Ms. Ginger Moore, Airport Manager, her responses to the survey, documentation provided, and other relevant docu- mented sources.
38 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation Airport Characteristics NPIAS Category: General Aviation Asset Role: Basic Governance: City Population of Area Served: 10,000 Number of Operations (2018): 3,000 annually Number of Airport Employees: 1 FT Airport worker, 1 PT Airport Manager Based Aircraft: 18 Distance to Community: 3 miles Service Structure: The Hillsdale Municipal Airport owns and operates the airport and provides services to customers. Ground Transportation Alternatives Available at Airport The only means of ground transportation at the Hillsdale Municipal Airport is through a courtesy vehicle at the airport. There are no public transit, taxi, car rental, or TNCs available in the community. The closest city with automobile rental is 25 miles away and does not provide reliable vehicle delivery services to the airport. The community is too small to support most ground transportation alternatives. Hillsdale College, a major employer and educational institution within the community, is located approximately 3 miles from the airport. In 2016, the college donated a vehicle to the airport as a way to provide transportation to and from the airport for arriving visitors and speakers. The donation of the vehicle allows for a public-private partnership providing for both airport and college customer convenience. The vehicle also benefits the city by allowing con- venient access to other businesses in the area. The main need for ground transportation from the airport can be attributed to the college, with other needs including business and recreation. For larger gatherings or events that are held at Hillsdale College, the airport will help connect people that fly in to attend with additional fleet or personal vehicles brought over from the college. Sometimes this simply involves post-it notes directing arriving passengers to the correct vehicle in the airport parking lot. Courtesy Vehicle Transportation Available at Airport The courtesy vehicle at the airport is a tan 2006 Ford Windstar minivan that was originally a fleet vehicle for Hillsdale College. The airport manager describes the condition of the vehicle as poor. The transmission is going out on the vehicle, and the airport communicates only one guideline of use, which is a sign that reads âPlease Baby Me! My transmission slips. Thank you!â affixed to the steering wheel (Figure 17). The minivan, however, is in demand, with the airport reporting that the use is on average 10 to 12 times per week and often times daily. The airport utilizes web-based directories such as AirNav to inform users of the availability of a courtesy vehicle. Other forms of promotion for the vehicle are app-based such as Foreflight or the Airport Courtesy Car app.
Case Examples 39 Process for Acquiring the Airport Courtesy Vehicle The airport manager has been a pilot for 41 years and has flown a wide variety of aircraft including corporate jet aircraft. She is also a flight instructor and has a user perspective from years of flights to a variety of airports. Based on these experiences, she supports the value that a courtesy vehicle brings to the airport and has championed the cause for obtaining a courtesy vehicle for JYM. âDo you have a courtesy car?â is one of the most frequent user questions that she is asked. Because of the lack of public or commercial ground transportation options, Hillsdale College donated the vehicle to the city to be used as a courtesy vehicle for the airport. Prior to the donation of the minivan from the college, arriving pilots and passengers would need to be picked up or not have any transportation from the airport. Airport staff routinely provided rides in their own personal vehicles as well. The airport manager has attempted a number of strategies to obtain a courtesy vehicle. These efforts occurred before the acquisition of the donated minivan and continue today because of the condition of the existing vehicle. Procurement strategies shared include the following: ⢠The airport manager is working with the City of Hillsdale to acquire a police car that is being replaced. The airport is in line because the utilities department will be the next to receive the use of a retired police car. ⢠The airport manager has proposed that local businesses take turns sponsoring the airport courtesy vehicle. Each business would provide funding to support the vehicle and then take turns advertising on the vehicle with a magnetic sign. This would increase visibility of each sponsoring business to people coming to town and promote that the airport supports local business. Figure 17. Hillsdale Airport vehicle notice. (Source: Hillsdale Municipal Airport.)
40 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation ⢠Another proposal involves business sponsorship of a courtesy vehicle by sponsoring the vehicle and then advertising a discounted rate if you can show that you came to that busi- ness via the airport courtesy vehicle. For example, a restaurant could position a promotional advertisement on paper placemats indicating a discount to those arriving in the airport courtesy vehicle. ⢠The airport manager has posted a sign in the airport terminal that says, âWe Are in Need of a Crew Car!â (Figure 18). She states that they canât be afraid to just ask. These strategies involve engaging both the community and users of the airport. This is important because local businesses that are frequented by airport customers may not even make the connection that somehow people that fly in will need ground transportation. The airport manager believes that raising awareness in the community may result in support for a courtesy vehicle and at the very least increases public consciousness of the economic impact of the airport. Airport staff are currently working with an individual that regularly flies into the Hillsdale Airport because they have a student attending the college. This individual has used the donated minivan and seems to agree that the condition is approaching unusable and may be looking to donate another vehicle. Insurance The courtesy vehicle is insured as part of the City of Hillsdale fleet vehicle coverage that maintains vehicle damage and liability coverage on all city vehicles. This cost is built into the overall city budget and not itemized to each department. To date, there have been no accidents or incidents. Maintenance For routine and minor maintenance, the donated minivan that is used as a courtesy vehicle is looked at or serviced by the city department of public services. There is no formal maintenance Figure 18. Hillsdale Airport sign. (Source: Hillsdale Municipal Airport.)
Case Examples 41 program for this vehicle. Although the transmission needs replacement, the repair would cost more than the vehicle is worth. The estimated annual maintenance cost for the vehicle is less than $500. These costs are paid out of the airport budget. The airport is responsible for fueling the vehicle, but donations are common. Reservation/Check-Out Procedures and Limitations of Use The airport does not utilize any reservation or check-out procedures for the use of the air- port courtesy vehicle. On occasion, especially after hours or when the airport is unattended, pilots or passengers will call ahead and make arrangements for use of the vehicle. There are no posted limitations of use, policy, or forms. The airport has limited staffing, and an informal system works well. Airport management prefers that the use of the vehicle is for those visiting Hillsdale College; however, pilots often find themselves at a local restaurant or convenience store as well. Benefits of Ground Transportation JYM lists a number of benefits of ground transportation available to users of general aviation airports: ⢠A courtesy vehicle provides the airport with the ability to better serve customer needs. Users fly in on expensive airplanes to save time but without a vehicle option may be stranded at the airport. ⢠Decreases the frustration felt by airport staff by being unable to meet needs of airport customers. ⢠Improves access to the local business community. ⢠Improves visibility of the airport within the community. ⢠Increases business to local area when pilots and passengers spend money in the community. Advice to Smaller Airports ⢠Work with the local business community to raise awareness of how the airport connects users to the community through ground transportation. ⢠When there are limited or no options in the community to provide public or commercial ground transportation, solutions may be found by engaging local organizations or users of the airport. ⢠Work with the governing authority of the airport for support with acquiring, insuring, and maintaining courtesy vehicles. ⢠Provide a means for a courtesy vehicle to be accessed when the airport is unattended. Summary The Hillsdale Municipal Airport has no ground transportation alternatives available to connect users of the airport to the community. The airport has benefited from the use of a donated vehicle to be used as a courtesy vehicle (Figure 19). This public-private relationship has been advantageous for the Hillsdale College, community, and the airport. JYM values building relationships within the community to raise awareness about airport operations and how the airport impacts local business. Staff works to ensure a high level of customer satisfaction; however, staff finds frustrations when unable to provide a means to sup- port ground transportation needs. Airport management is working to overcome these barriers through community and user engagement and reminds airports to not be afraid to ask for help to the point of posting the need for a new courtesy vehicle.
42 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation Figure 19. Hillsdale courtesy vehicle. (Source: Hillsdale Municipal Airport.) Case Example 4âKentucky Airmotive, Mt. Sterling Montgomery County Airport (IOB) The Mt. Sterling Montgomery County Airport (IOB) is a general aviation airport serving the City of Mt. Sterling, Kentucky. The airport is jointly owned by the City of Mt. Sterling and Montgomery County. The airport is located approximately 3 miles west of the city and about 35 miles east of Lexington, Kentucky. The airport has approximately 66 based aircraft, and FBO services are provided by Kentucky Airmotive. This case example is based on an interview with Mr. Daniel R. Hill, President of Kentucky Airmotive, his responses to the survey, documentation provided, and other relevant documented sources. Airport Characteristics NPIAS Category: General Aviation Asset Role: Regional Governance: City and County Population of Area Served: 7,000 Number of Operations (2018): 24,820 annually Number of Airport Employees: 12 Based Aircraft: 66 Distance to Community: 3 miles Service Structure: IOB services are provided by Kentucky Airmotive, a full- service FBO.
Case Examples 43 Ground Transportation Alternatives Available at Airport The ground transportation available to users of the Mt. Sterling Montgomery County Air- port includes car rental and courtesy vehicles. These options are coordinated as part of the pilot and passenger services provided by the FBO. The president of Kentucky Airmotive believes that the impacts of not having ground transportation available at the airport would be severe. He believes that to be considered a corporate airport, these options must be available to users. The FBO suggests that providing for final mile connectivity to the community is essential for providing a quality customer experience at the airport. The main need for ground transporta- tion from the airport includes business, recreation, tourism, lodging, and providing a service. Car Rental Enterprise car rentals are available from an off-site location. IOB has a formal agreement in place that allows Kentucky Airmotive to handle the car rental transaction directly with the customer upon arrival. The agreement provides that the FBO can interface with customers on behalf of Enterprise and stipulates that the FBO liability insurance names the car rental company as additionally insured. There are no fees charged by either party to the agreement. This arrangement ensures a seamless customer experience and allows the FBO staff to be the primary point of contact with the customer for all service needs. When utilizing car rental at IOB, the customer can work with the airport to arrange for this service or contact the car rental company directly. Kentucky Airmotive staff coordinates with the car rental company to ensure that rental vehicles are dropped off and positioned for customer pickup. Similarly, when customers are done with the vehicle, the airport will contact Enterprise to pick up and return vehicles. Arriving customers rent vehicles using this process an estimated four times per week on average. Courtesy Vehicle Transportation Available at Airport The airport currently owns two courtesy vehicles (Figures 20 and 21). The vehicles are in very good condition as follows: ⢠2017 Toyota Avalon ⢠2009 Chevrolet Suburban Figure 20. Kentucky Airmotive courtesy vehicle. (Source: Kentucky Airmotive.)
44 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation On average, the courtesy vehicles are used by pilots and flight crews approximately three times per day. Process for Acquiring the Airport Courtesy Vehicle Both courtesy vehicles were acquired and are owned by Kentucky Airmotive. The city or county are not involved with the vehicle procurement efforts. The president of the company who has been in his position for 27 years strongly believes that courtesy vehicles are tools that are essential to his business. Therefore, the company acquires vehicles as they would with any other airport business tool or equipment such as an aircraft tug. Kentucky Airmotive has consistently provided courtesy vehicles since 1992. Vehicles are scheduled for replacement about every 3 to 4 years. These vehicles are typically in very good condition to reflect the professional and accommodating services provided by the FBO and also meet customer requirements. Currently, Kentucky Airmotive uses both a sedan and a larger SUV to meet different load needs. In 2018, the company utilized a Hummer as its courtesy vehicle. Insurance The FBO insures both courtesy vehicles through their overall FBO insurance provider. The policy maintains vehicle damage and liability coverage on all of the airport courtesy vehicles. The cost to insure each vehicle is approximately $600 per year for each vehicle. There have never been any claims arising out of any accident or incident related to the use of these vehicles. Maintenance There are no written program or checklists used for the maintenance of the courtesy vehicles at IOB. A local dealership maintains the vehicles as needed. Kentucky Airmotive takes care of all routine and preventive maintenance items such as oil changes, brake service, tires, and filters. FBO staff ensures that the vehicles are fueled, cleaned, well-kept, and in good working order for customer checkout. The estimated annual cost per vehicle is approximately $2,000, which is paid out of the FBO budget. Reservation and Check-Out Procedures IOB offers crew cars free of charge on a first come, first served basis for those customers that also buy aviation fuel. In fact, the vehicle check-out form is a section of the fuel order form Figure 21. Kentucky Airmotive courtesy vehicle. (Source: Kentucky Airmotive.)
Case Examples 45 developed by the FBO. The crew car portion of the check-out form requires the user to provide fields such as name, insurance carrier, and driverâs license. The courtesy vehicles can be accessed after hours through prior arrangement. In these instances, customers can access the vehicle keys through a lockbox with a combination located in a 24-hour accessible location within the terminal building foyer (Figure 22). The airport requests that users return the vehicle before 9:00 a.m. the next morning unless otherwise arranged. Limitations of Use The principal limitation of use is that the courtesy vehicles are only available for pilots and flight crews that purchase aviation fuel. Passengers are typically directed to rental car alternatives for their ground transportation needs. Additionally, unless authorized, the courtesy vehicles can be used in town for a maximum of 2 hours. Effective Airport Ground Transportation Practices The fuel-only limitation for use of the courtesy vehicles follows the reasoning that the company is in business to produce revenue that is derived primarily from fuel sales on a small airport. The company suggests that everything that happens at the airport is designed to increase fuel sales from flight instruction to charter services. These services drive fuel sales and produce revenue for the business. The president of the company suggests that the largest contributor by far for increasing fuel sales at the airport is the availability of a fuel truck and courtesy vehicle. The existence of this equipment on the airfield is a desirable accommodation for arriving business aircraft. FBO staff are advised to present this limitation at initial customer contact to avoid any mis- understanding and set expectations for use of vehicle. It is easier to welcome customers to the Figure 22. Lockbox. (Source: Kentucky Airmotive.)
46 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation airport and explain that staff is happy to assist them in any way, including providing a crew car with a fuel order, than deny the request when asked later and there is no fuel order. IOB strives to ensure that all customer needs are met as efficiently as possible. The availability of ground transportation coordinated for each arrival is paramount and is key to providing good service. Users understand that their needs will be conveniently met and that all-inclusive services are easily accessed. Regarding rental cars, the FBO also stresses that rental vehicles need to be ready and posi- tioned for customer pickup prior to arrival. It may reflect poorly on the airport if customers have to wait for their car to be delivered to the airport or be picked up and taken to the rental franchise to complete the paperwork. This is inconvenient and defeats the tremendous time- saving advantage of flying corporate aircraft. Challenges/Barriers to Providing Last Mile Service Options The challenging aspects of providing courtesy vehicles at the airport include liability and cost. IOB successfully acquires and insures their own vehicles; however, it takes on measured exposure by providing vehicles to meet, in their view, an essential component to revenue generation. The cost related to vehicle purchases, maintenance, and staff time, may also be considered a barrier. The availability of the courtesy vehicles as a business tool to provide service and increase fuel sales appears to be an offset for these expenses. Benefits of Ground Transportation IOB lists a number of benefits of providing ground transportation available to users of the airport, which include: ⢠Increased airport utilization. ⢠Connectivity to community. ⢠Increased revenue generation from higher fuel sales. ⢠Positive reflection of business. ⢠Meets customer needs and promotes repeat business. ⢠Promotes use of other available ancillary services at the airport. ⢠Sets airport apart from competing airports. Advice to Smaller Airports ⢠If ground transportation is not available at your airport, the facility will be less utilized. ⢠Pilots will come to your airport over the competition if you have ground transportation options and others do not. ⢠If you are trying to run a business on the airport, you must have a courtesy vehicle. ⢠If your airport has a 5,000-foot runway, a courtesy vehicle is a must. ⢠A courtesy vehicle is essential to driving increased fuel sales and increased revenues. Every- thing that is done at a small airport is to sell fuel (Figure 23). ⢠IOB advises that if other options are available, courtesy vehicles should only be available for pilots and flight crews. ⢠Price is not necessarily the determining factor on a fuel order. Pilots will fly to and support an airport that adequately and conveniently meets their needs, including ground transportation. ⢠Where available, formalize agreements with car rental companies to allow airport to provide a consistent coordinated customer service. ⢠When applicable and staffing allows, prioritize the ground transportation needs of your customers.
Case Examples 47 Summary If ground transportation alternatives were not available at IOB, the economic impact to the FBO would best be characterized by the president of the company as severe. For Kentucky Airmotive, providing for and facilitating the ability for customers to easily connect to their final destination in town is essential. IOB places high importance on courtesy vehicles and invests in these capital assets as a busi- ness decision. In fact, the FBO finds that the existence of the courtesy vehicles is one out of two of the most impactful ways of driving increased fuel sales. Therefore, limitations of use are designed to encourage increased business at the airport. Pilots and passengers are generally highly satis- fied with the availability of these services and able to travel to their final destination, which also benefits local business and industry. The FBO also benefits by having a formal arrangement with a car rental company allow- ing them to work together in the best interest of the customer. This process allows the FBO to control the quality and delivery of service expected by their customers. Case Example 5âAlexandria Municipal Airportâ Chandler Field (AXN) Alexandria Municipal Airportâ Chandler Field (AXN) is a city- owned, public-use airport located 2 nautical miles southwest of the central business district of Alexandria, a city in Douglas County, Minnesota. This case example is based on an Figure 23. Fuel order slip. (Source: Kentucky Airmotive.)
48 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation interview with Mr. Kreg Anderson, Airport and FBO Manager, his responses to the survey, documentation provided, and other relevant documented sources. Airport Characteristics NPIAS Category: General AviationâLocal Asset Role: Local Governance: City Population of Area Served: 13,000 (37,000 Douglas County) Number of Operations (2018): 70 daily, 25,500 annually Number of Airport Employees: 3 FT Based Aircraft: 70 Distance to Community: 1 mile SW of the central business district/downtown Service Structure: The City of Alexandria owns the airport with management services provided by the FBO Alexandria Aviation, Inc. Full FBO services provided include aircraft sales, rental charters, flight instruction, maintenance, fuel services, and hangar and tie-down services. Ground Transportation Alternatives Available at Airport There are several modes of ground transportation available to users of the Alexandria Municipal Airport. These options include courtesy vehicle(s), car rentals, taxis, shuttle services, TNCs (e.g., Uber, Lyft), bicycles, and hotel shuttle. The primary needs for ground transporta- tion for those arriving at the airport are business, recreation, meals, and lodging. Car Rentals Enterprise Rent-A-Car has a presence off airport approximately 3/4 to 1 mile away. The rental company provides rental vehicles to the airport for pilots and passengers upon request. The airport staff will assist with this operation by coordinating with the rental company by ensuring the rental paperwork is in order, obtaining customer signatures, providing the keys to the customer, and directing them to the vehicle on behalf of the car rental company. There are an estimated three to four car rentals per week at the airport during the summer and one every 7 to 10 days during the remaining year. The airport does not charge the car rental companies any fees, percentage of revenues, or fees for dedicated parking areas for rental vehicles. The arrangement is beneficial to both the airport and the car rental company. There is no fee structure or contract between the FBO/airport and rental car agency. If a customer arrives after hours and needs keys to the rental car that was dropped off, airport staff will either come in and charge an after-hours fee, or the keys and rental contract will be located in a precoordinated, discrete location within the terminal building. Taxis There are two taxi services in the area; however, this transportation is not widely used in comparison with other available modes of ground transportation (once every 3 to 4 weeks). The airport reports some inconsistencies in the reliability of this service, delays, and complaints of cleanliness.
Case Examples 49 TNCs (Uber/Lyft) The airport reports there is one part-time Lyft driver in town who does not operate enough to make ground transportation for the pilots a viable option. Outside of airport operations, even during peak Uber/Lyft request times, reliability is a concern. Bicycles The airport has several bicycles available for use for those arriving by air. The bicycles were donated through Horizon Public Health, and the cityâs park director helped the airport procure them. Alexandria Aviation is responsible for the maintenance and supervision of the bicycles. The airport reports that the bikes are often used by airport tenants to get around the airport to the various businesses on site. Pilots and passengers will most likely use the bicycles for recreation and exercise. This can be a fun thing to pass the time for those individuals who are waiting for several hours while their passengers are conducting business in town. The airport stated one pilot flying for a regional cargo airline will utilize a bicycle for exercise traveling sometimes 50 miles! Courtesy Vehicle Transportation Available at Airport The airport ground transportation services have been provided by the FBO/airport manager under an arrangement since the 1960s. The airport currently utilizes two courtesy vehicles, a 2000 Buick LeSabre and a 1993 Ford F-150 truck (Figure 24). The Buick is considered in poor condition, and plans are in the works to replace it with another used vehicle. The F-150 is con- sidered in fair condition, and since it is an extended cab, it can transport up to five passengers and is a preferred vehicle during unfavorable winter conditions. Process for Acquiring the Airport Courtesy Vehicle The Buick was owned by a pilot who would fly into the airport and use the car for personal transportation. He later donated the car to the FBO for the public to utilize. The F-150 was also donated by local pilots. The City of Alexandria and the airport representatives recognize the advantages of the courtesy vehicle program for its multiple benefits. The airport manager states the city is very supportive of the airport, and there is always positive response to assist the airportâs operations and growth. Figure 24. The multifunction AXN F-150 courtesy vehicle. (Source: K. Anderson.)
50 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation Insurance The courtesy vehicles are insured under the FBOâs insurance policy. Because of the value of the vehicles being low, the airport believes the insurance cost is approximately $750â$1,000 per year for both vehicles. Risk concerns are mitigated through a more formal check-out procedure involving a sign- out agreement. This agreement states the driver is responsible for operational insurance and holding the FBO harmless from accidents and indemnifying the FBO for any expenses result- ing from an incident. To date, there have never been any accidents or incidents involving the use of the courtesy vehicles. Maintenance The FBO staff maintains the courtesy vehicles providing preventative maintenance and light repairs. There is no formal written maintenance program for the airport courtesy vehicle; how- ever, a record is kept of all maintenance activities. The vehicles are continuously monitored, and a âpreflightâ walk around inspection is performed prior to dispatching the vehicles. In the winter, the vehicles are kept in the airport maintenance facility to assist with cold weather starts. It is estimated the annual cost of vehicle maintenance is approximately $500â$1,000. This includes an oil change by the local automobile repair station of $50â$60. Reservation and Check-Out Procedures The airport utilizes some short-term reservation by prior arrangement, but generally cus- tomers can use the courtesy vehicle on a first come, first served basis. Therefore, there is no need for any reservation system or software. The airport requires users of the courtesy vehicles to complete a check-out form before the vehicle is dispatched. The check-out form is one page and includes the userâs information, no smoking policy, and instructions to contact the airport in the event of assistance (see Appendix J). Limitations of Use/After-Hours Accessibility The use of the courtesy vehicle is primarily available for pilots and flight crew use. It is pre- ferred that passengers utilize other commercial type ground transportation options. There is a 2-hour limitation on use within the local area unless prior permission is granted. Normally, the courtesy vehicles are only available during business hours; however, with prior permission, a customer may overnight at a local hotel but must return the vehicle by 8:00 a.m. The airport does not charge for use of the vehicle or require an aircraft fuel purchase to use the vehicle. However, users are encouraged to contribute by putting some fuel in the courtesy vehicle. It is not unusual for pilots to leave a cash donation with the airport in support of the vehicle. At AXN, about every three to four users donate $5â$20 per use, which seems to cover the preventative maintenance expenses. Rarely does the airport staff fill the vehicles with fuel since most users will purchase/donate gas. Effective Airport Ground Transportation Practices The FBO/airport manager recognizes the importance to providing quality ground trans- portation services for pilots and flight crews. Providing clean, well-maintained vehicles and ensuring availability of several modes of transportation is essential for excellent customer service. The ability to coordinate the use of rental cars through the FBO has allowed the air- port to ensure a cohesive quality service by controlling the interaction with the customer for nearly all their needs upon arrival.
Case Examples 51 Ground transportation services are marketed/promoted through the airportâs website, web- based sites (AirNav, Foreflight), State of Minnesota Aeronautics Airport Facility Directory, local organizations (chamber of commerce, pilot groups), and word of mouth. Challenges/Barriers to Providing Last Mile Service Options The Alexandria Municipal Airport is an active facility and regarded as a regional asset by the community. Because of the positive local support and the various forms of ground transporta- tion alternatives, there have been no serious challenges or barriers for the airport. The airport manager did share the 2000 Buick will occasionally have difficulties starting in cold weather. He has provided an electrical cord to plug in the vehicle, especially in overnight stays, to ensure the engine remains warm for easy a.m. starts. Benefits of Ground Transportation The city and airport representatives value the availability of the various modes of ground transportation and the courtesy vehicles as a convenient and essential way to provide complete customer experience to enhance the economic benefit of the airport and community. Other cited benefits include: ⢠Adds traffic to the airport because a pilot may choose to land at AXN over another facility because of the availability of ground transportation options. ⢠Increased fuel sales. ⢠Increase in commerce because of accessibility to local business community including restau- rants, convenience stores, and hotels. ⢠Allows pilots and passengers to do business in town. ⢠Provides pilots an excuse to fly their airplane. They will utilize AXN courtesy vehicles to enter town and shop for groceries, hardware, and so on, and return to their smaller community home. Advice to Smaller Airports The airport manager stresses to ânot over think it.â There are several safe, inexpensive options for airports to organize and provide ground transportation. Cost should not be a barrier because vehicles may be donated and easily maintained by the airport or pilot groups. Encourage these organizations to think outside the box and be creative. Summary The Alexandria Municipal Airport utilizes multiple modes of ground transportation to meet customer needs and provide access to the community, which enhances the airportâs value as an economic development tool. Having a variety of ground service options available for customers also allows the airport to provide a good customer experience. A formal process is used for working with the car rental companies, which increases their ability to control the quality of service delivered to airport customers. Users of the airport coordinate transportation needs with airport staff or may choose to make their own arrangements via taxis, web-based services, or use the airport-provided courtesy vehicles or bicycles. By engaging with the pilot community, AXN has acquired a good understanding of their customerâs needs. Partnering with the various providers of local ground transportation and developing a simple, inexpensive but effective courtesy vehicle program makes AXN a desired pilot destination.
52 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation Case Example 6âHigginsville Municipal Airport (HIG) Higginsville Municipal Airport (HIG) is a city-owned, public-use airport located 2 miles east of the central business district of Higginsville, a city in Lafayette County, Missouri. This case example is based on an interview with Ms. Donna Brown, Airport and Economic Development Director for the City of Higginsville, her responses to the survey, documentation provided, and other relevant documented sources. Airport Characteristics NPIAS Category: General AviationâBasic Asset Role: Local Governance: City Population of Area Served: 4,798 (33,000 Lafayette County) Number of Operations (2017): 3,622 annually Number of Airport Employees: 2 PT Based Aircraft: 18 Distance to Community: 3 miles Service Structure: The City of Higginsville owns and operates the airport, providing services including maintenance, avionics repair, self-fueling, and hangar and tie-down services. Ground Transportation Alternatives Available at Airport There are very limited options for ground transportation available to users of HIG. The size of the community does not afford options of larger communities for various modes of transportation such as taxi/limousine services or TNCs such as Uber or Lyft. Therefore, the airport operators and the City of Higginsville support a courtesy vehicle for the visiting pilots. The primary needs for ground transportation for those arriving at the airport are business, recreation, meals, and lodging. Courtesy Vehicle Transportation Available at Airport The airport currently uses a 2005 Chevrolet Impala in fair condition as its courtesy vehicle. There have been two different cars authorized by the city for this purpose over the last 7 years. Prior to that time, local hangar renters would provide vehicles or services. The courtesy vehicle is checked out for use an estimated six times per month on average. Process for Acquiring the Airport Courtesy Vehicle The airport manager states operations at the airport have been increasing in recent years and recognizes the importance of connecting the airport with the community. There are two FBOs
Case Examples 53 at the airport who have also championed the efforts of acquiring and supporting the courtesy car operation. The current courtesy vehicle was provided to the airport by the city utilizing a retired police car. The city recognizes the importance and the economic benefits of providing the vehicle and services, so there has not been any resistance to the operation. Insurance The City of Higginsville insures the courtesy vehicle as part of their fleet policy covering damage and liability coverage for all users of the vehicles. The city utilizes the Missouri Inter- governmental Risk Management Association (MIRMA) for this coverage. To reduce liability risks for the city, the users are required to complete a check-out form that includes the userâs driverâs license, auto insurance company, and policy number. Since the city covers the courtesy vehicle under the fleet policy, annual costs are considered very low. To date, there has never been any incident or accident involving the use of the courtesy vehicle. Maintenance There is no formal written maintenance program for the airport courtesy vehicle at HIG. The city provides supplies as needed from the general fund. Airport staff and the FBOs monitor the vehicle and provide routine preventative maintenance. More complicated repairs will be performed by the local automobile maintenance shop. The annual budget allocation for all maintenance needs is estimated between $500 and $1,000. Vehicle replacement is controlled by the city, and there is current consideration to replace the existing vehicle with another retired police or surplus vehicle in the near future. Reservation and Check-Out Procedures The airport utilizes some short-term reservation by prior arrangement, but generally customers can use the courtesy vehicle on a first come, first served basis. Therefore, there is no need for any reservation system or software. The city requires users of the courtesy vehicle to complete a check-out form before the vehicle is dispatched. The check-out form also includes a one-page hold harmless agreement for use of the courtesy vehicle (Appendix D). Limitations of Use/After-Hours Accessibility The use of the courtesy vehicle is primarily available for visiting pilots. The vehicle is accessible 24 hours a day, but pilots will generally call ahead to obtain prior permission if the vehicle is needed after hours. The limitations are use within a 30-mile radius of the airport and no longer than 24 hours at a time. There is no requirement for users to purchase aircraft fuel to use the vehicle; however, they do encourage the user to contribute by replacing fuel in the courtesy vehicle. Occasionally, pilots will leave a cash donation with the airport in support of the vehicle. Effective Airport Ground Transportation Practices The City of Higginsville and airport employees strive for the best possible customer expe- rience and coordinate all arriving pilot and passenger needs. Coordinating ground trans- portation alternatives is a critical part of this service. The ability to coordinate the use of the courtesy vehicle allows the ability to provide quality service for the customers and assist in enhancing the local economy.
54 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation The vehicle is well maintained and kept clean for a first-class experience (Figure 25). The vehicle is obtainable 24/7 at the airport terminal (Figure 26; through a keypad lockbox after normal business hours). It is located near the terminal in a well-lighted parking lot. A formal check-out procedure is used to document use and diminish airport liability by requesting the user to agree to rules of use, sign a hold harmless agreement, and furnish driverâs license and insurance company/policy number. Challenges/Barriers to Providing Last Mile Service Options The size of the City of Higginsville does not afford multiple modes of transportation alter- natives. Without the support of the city and airport operators providing the courtesy vehicle option, there would be very limited to no transportation to the community for visiting pilots. It is perceived there would be less airport operations and visits to the community (less economic benefits) if there was no courtesy vehicle option. Benefits of Ground Transportation The city and airport representatives value the availability of the city-provided courtesy vehicle as a convenient and essential way to provide complete customer experience to enhance the economic benefit of the airport and community. Figure 25. Higginsville courtesy vehicle. (Source: Higginsville Municipal Airport.) Figure 26. Higginsville Airport sign. (Source: Higginsville Municipal Airport.)
Case Examples 55 Other cited benefits include: ⢠Increased traffic to the airport because a pilot may choose to land at HIG over another facility because of the availability of ground transportation options. ⢠Increased fuel sales. ⢠Increase in commerce because of accessibility to the local business community, including restaurants, convenience stores, and hotels. ⢠Allows pilots and passengers to conduct business in town by connecting the arriving decision makers, suppliers, vendors, and others. Advice to Smaller Airports The courtesy vehicle program has been relatively inexpensive and easily maintained. Market- ing and promoting the program is easily conducted through the city website, web-based sites (AirNav, AOPA), airport facility directory, local organizations (chamber of commerce, pilot groups), and word of mouth. Summary The City of Higginsville has recognized having no ground transportation option for visiting pilots was not an allowable option. The cityâs courtesy vehicle program has provided a very stable and inexpensive solution. The program has been very successful assisting with the increase of airport operations and enhancing the local economy in the community. It is a valued service the city and airport will continue to support. Case Example 7âState Courtesy Car Grant ProgramsâIdaho The Idaho Aviation Association recognizes over 140 airstrips within the State of Idaho, but 31 are maintained by the Idaho Transportation Department (ITD)âDivision of Aeronautics. Out of those 31, ITD leases eight from the Bureau of Land Manage ment and has land use agreements with the Forest Service on about eight, and the remaining are either state-owned or are operated under an agreement with a private party. Of the 31 airports, there are four locations that utilize seasonal caretakers, which are the airports par- ticipating in the courtesy car program. This case example is based on an interview with Mr. Dan Conner, Airport Manager, ITD, documentation provided, and other relevant documented sources. ITD Courtesy Car Program The ITDâDivision of Aeronautics has participated in a courtesy car program for many years. ITD would provide public-use airports surplus cars to airports applying to the program. Because of liability concerns, ITD has limited the program to only airports they currently own and manage. There are currently four Idaho airports participating in the program. They are Cavanaugh Bay (66S), Garden Valley (U88), Johnson Creek (3U2), and Smiley Creek (U87). They are smaller airports described as Idahoâs premier backcountry airstrip destinations. Being in a rural setting, there is no public transportation available for 5 to 25 miles from these airports. The only form of transportation for visiting pilots is provided by ITDâs courtesy car program.
56 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation There are six ITD districts in the State of Idaho. From these districts, surplus cars are disposed by the state, or declared surplus property. The ITD assumes these vehicles and donates them to the airports participating in the program. The airports are managed by caretakers who oversee airport operations to include the courtesy cars. ITD provides the airports the Idaho Airport Courtesy Car Trip Agreement for management and accountability. It directs the users to provide gas, states a $5.00 + $0.30 per mile rate, additional $5.00 per overnight rate, and insurance requirements. Appendix K includes the agreement and instructions for the management of the program. Summary The ITD utilizes state-donated vehicles that are considered surplus property. The program allows rural airports the opportunity to provide visiting pilots a form of transportation that would not exist. The program is considered successful because the pilots use the vehicles to dine, buy supplies and souvenirs, and so on, benefiting the local economy. The program may be found at: https://itd.idaho.gov/aero/ Case Example 8âState Courtesy Car Grant ProgramsâMontana The Montana Department of Transportation (MDT)âAeronautics Division has an active courtesy car program for the stateâs public-use airports. This case example is based on an interview with Mr. Wade Cebulski, Airports Airways Bureau Chief, MDTâ Aeronautics Division, documentation provided, and other relevant documented sources. MDT Courtesy Car Program The MDTâDivision of Aeronautics has participated in a courtesy car program for several years. For an airport to be eligible, it must be a public-use airport and have no other public transportation available. This public transportation availability is interpreted as not being avail- able 24/7, 365 days a year. There are only a couple of larger Montana communities meeting the ineligible criteria. The following is a list of participating airports as of February 2020: ⢠Anaconda ⢠Baker ⢠Big Timber ⢠Colstrip ⢠Columbus ⢠Cut Bank ⢠Deer Lodge ⢠Ekalaka ⢠Ennis ⢠Eureka ⢠Forsyth ⢠Fort Benton ⢠Fort Peck ⢠Hot Springs ⢠Lewiston ⢠Libby ⢠Malta ⢠Miles City ⢠Plains ⢠Ronan ⢠Roundup ⢠St. Ignatius ⢠Superior ⢠Thompson Falls ⢠Townsend
Case Examples 57 The MDT program consists of an application process for the airport sponsor to com- plete on the MDT website during the posted time of July 1stâNovember 15th. Funds were approved by the state legislature to allow MDT to provide funding from the Aeronautics operations budget. Up to $2,000 per vehicle purchase is allowed, and MDT provides funding for two cars per year. The airport sponsor must provide MDT a receipt for the vehicle purchase and agree to license the vehicle, provide insurance, and maintain the vehicle. The airport sponsor must not charge the user a fee. There are no restrictions as to the term the airport sponsor must keep the vehicle nor is there a requirement to notify MDT when the vehicle has met its useful life and is disposed. Recently, the Montana State Legislature approved a program to obtain two additional vehicles annually from the MDT Motor Pool. These vehicles are expected to be declared surplus property, and MDT will have the ability to make these available to additional public-use airports. These vehicles are estimated in value at $5,000 each (Figures 27 and 28). Summary The MDTâDivision of Aeronautics utilizes state funds and eventually donated/surplus property vehicles to provide an inexpensive program to airport sponsors. The program allows âAs a state employee working for the Aeronautics Division, the courtesy car program is very helpful in our travels around the state conducting aeronautical business, airport inspections, and presentations. We do not have to rely on outside transportation to make our meeting schedules or have to drive hours to and from considering how large our state is.â âWade Cebulski, MDT and Pilot Lake Elmo Airport (21D), Minnesota Figure 27. Vehicles provided by MDT. (Source: MDT.) Figure 28. Vehicle provided by MDT. (Source: MDT.)
58 Last Mile in General AviationâCourtesy Vehicles and Other Forms of Ground Transportation airports the opportunity to provide visiting pilots a form of transportation that may not exist, especially during weekends and after normal business hours. The program is considered successful as the pilots use the vehicles to visit communities to enjoy dining, lodging, tourism, and so on, enhancing the local economy. The program may be found at: https://www.mdt. mt.gov/aviation/courtesy-cars.shtml The Montana State Legislature approved this program in 2001 and implemented it by the Division of Aeronautics during July 2002âJune 2003. Here is the legislative link: https:// www.leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/title_0670/chapter_0100/part_0090/sections_index.html
