Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
60 Endnotes 1. Fletcher, K., Amarakoon, S., Haskell, J., Penn, P., Wilmoth, M., Matherly, D., and Langdon, N. (2014). NCHRP Report 769: A Guide for Public Transportation Pandemic Planning and Response. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/170529.aspx. 2. Joaquin Mixto, Colorado DOT, interview with research team. 3. Fletcher, K., Amarakoon, S., Haskell, J., Penn, P., Wilmoth, M., Matherly, D., and Langdon, N. (2014). NCHRP Report 769: A Guide for Public Transportation Pandemic Planning and Response. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/170529.aspx. 4. World Health Organization (WHO). who.int. 5. Fletcher, K., Amarakoon, S., Haskell, J., Penn, P., Wilmoth, M., Matherly, D., and Langdon, N. (2014). NCHRP Report 769: A Guide for Public Transportation Pandemic Planning and Response. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/170529.aspx. 6. Marshall, A. COVID Is Pushing Some Transit Systems to the Brink. Wired, July 21, 2020. 7. Boyd, A., Caton, J., Singleton, A., Bromley, P., and Yorks, C. (2005). TCRP Report 86/NCHRP Report 525: Transportation Security. Volume 8: Continuity of Operations (COOP) Planning Guidelines for Transporta- tion Agencies. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. 2005. http://www.trb.org/Publications/ Blurbs/156474.aspx. 8. Fletcher, K., Amarakoon, S., Haskell, J., Penn, P., Wilmoth, M., Matherly, D., and Langdon, N. (2014). NCHRP Report 769: A Guide for Public Transportation Pandemic Planning and Response. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC. http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/170529.aspx. 9. Ibid. 10. Sam Schwartz Consulting. (2020). Public Transit and COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Research and Best Practices. American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC, p. 22. https://www.apta.com/ wp-content/uploads/APTA_Covid_Best_Practices_09.29.2020.pdf. 11. American Public Transportation Association. (2020). COVID-19 PandemicâPublic Transportation Responds: Safeguarding Riders and Employees. American Public Transportation Association. https://www.apta.com/ wp-content/uploads/COVID-19_Transit_Guide_REVISON-2020_08_11.pdf. 12. Research team interviews with Maryland DOTâMTA. 13. APTA, Public Transportation Industry, Unveil Nationwide âHealth and Safety Commitmentsâ Program. APTA press release, Sept. 9, 2020. https://www.apta.com/news-publications/press-releases/releases/apta- public-transportation-industry-unveil-nationwide-health-and-safety-commitments-program/. 14. MTA Launches âOperation Respectâ to Promote Universal Mask Compliance Systemwide. MTA press release, July 20, 2020. https://www.mta.info/press-release/mta-headquarters/mta-launches-%E2%80%98 operation-respect%E2%80%99-promote-universal-mask-compliance#:â¼:text=Under%20Operation%20 Respect%2C%20the%20MTA,to%203%20million%20to%20date. 15. Research team interviews with DOTs and transit agencies. 16. Research team interview with Maryland DOTâMTA. 17. Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida. (2020). COVID-19âEmergency Management Tips and Practices for Bus Transit Systems. Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee, FL. https://ftson.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/COVID-19-Emergency-Response-Resource-Guide- Final-11.18.20.pdf. 18. Janet Benini, Emergency Management Leadership Course, George Washington University, Washington, DC. 19. Coping with Stress. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019- ncov/daily-life-coping/managing-stress-anxiety.html#responders.
Endnotes 61 20. Itâs Like This Right Now. . . . Staying Safeâand Soberâin Self-Quarantine. National Drug & Alcohol Screening Association. https://ndasa.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Coping-with-Anxiety-through-COVID.pdf. 21. Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida. (2020). COVID-19âEmergency Management Tips and Practices for Bus Transit Systems. Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee, FL. https://ftson.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/COVID-19-Emergency-Response-Resource-Guide- Final-11.18.20.pdf. 22. Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, H.R. 748, 116th Congress. 2020. 23. Noble, A. (2020). Transit Agenciesâ Challenge Is to Balance Service with Safety. Route Fifty. https://www.route- fifty.com/infrastructure/2020/04/transit-agencies-strive-balance-service-safety-amid-outbreak/164509/. 24. Madej, P. SEPTAâs âSocial Distancing Coachesâ Are the Newest Part of Your Commute. Philadelphia Inquirer, Aug. 17, 2020. 25. Research team interview with Kansas DOT. 26. Research team interview with Vermont AOT. 27. Research team interview with Louisiana DODT. 28. Research team interview with Caltrans. 29. Research team interview with Maryland DOTâMTA. 30. Research team interview with Charlevoix County Transit. 31. CDC COVID-19 website, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html. 32. APTA, Public Transportation Industry, Unveil Nationwide âHealth and Safety Commitmentsâ Program. APTA Press Release, Sept. 9, 2020. 33. Paratransit Operations Response Plan for Coronavirus COVID-19. APTA COVID-19 webinar, July 2020. 34. Research team interview with agency. 35. Research team interview with Maryland DOTâMTA. 36. Research team interview with The COMET. 37. Sam Schwartz Consulting. (2020). Public Transit and COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Research and Best Practices. American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC, p. 39. https://www.apta.com/ wp-content/uploads/APTA_Covid_Best_Practices_09.29.2020.pdf. See also Graf, T. (2020). TriMet to Adjust Passenger Limits Onboard After Putting Numerous Safety Measures in Place, TriMet News. https:// news.trimet.org/2020/07/trimet-to-adjust-passenger-limits-onboard-after-putting-numerous-safety- measures-in-place/. 38. Sam Schwartz Consulting. (2020). Public Transit and COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Research and Best Practices. American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC, p. 39. https://www.apta.com/ wp-content/uploads/APTA_Covid_Best_Practices_09.29.2020.pdf. 39. Research team interview with The COMET. 40. Research team interview with agency. 41. Research team interview with agency. 42. Research team interview with agency. 43. Research team interview with agency. 44. Goldbaum, C. Returning to Work on the Subway? Hereâs What You Need to Know. New York Times, June 8, 2020, updated Aug. 26, 2020. 45. Research team interview with agency. 46. Research team interview with agency. 47. American Public Health Association. Webinar: Toward the New Normal, May 13, 2020. 48. Research team interview with agency. 49. Research team interview with agency. 50. Research team interview with agency. 51. AASHTO 2020 Virtual Joint Policy Conference, Sept. 28âOct. 2, 2020. 52. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation, 2009. http:// mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/. 53. Research team interview with agency. 54. Paratransit Operations Response Plan for Coronavirus COVID-19. APTA COVID-19 webinar, July 2020. 55. Minor, N. After Coronavirus Slashed Ridership, Coloradoâs Transit Agencies Prep for a Long Trip Back. CPR News, April 30, 2020. 56. Wanek-Libman, M. Bay Area Transit Agencies Release Joint Plan to Bolster Trust in Transit. Mass Transit Magazine, Aug. 20, 2020. 57. E. Wulfhorst. Silent Trains to Masks: U.S. Cities Fight to Revive Public Transport. Reuters, Aug. 25, 2020. 58. MTA Launches âOperation Respectâ to Promote Universal Mask Compliance Systemwide. MTA press release, July 20, 2020. https://www.mta.info/press-release/mta-headquarters/mta-launches-%E2%80%98 operation-respect%E2%80%99-promote-universal-mask-compliance#:â¼:text=Under%20Operation%20 Respect%2C%20the%20MTA,to%203%20million%20to%20date.
62 A Pandemic Playbook for Transportation Agencies 59. Madej, P. SEPTAâs âSocial Distancing Coachesâ Are the Newest Part of Your Commute. Philadelphia Inquirer, Aug. 17, 2020. 60. PennDOTâs Response to COVID-19. Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. Updated July 8, 2020. https://www.penndot.gov/Documents/PennDOT-COVID-Response.pdf. 61. Research team interview with agency. 62. Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida. (2020). COVID-19: Emergency Management Tips and Practices for Bus Transit Systems. Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee, FL. https://ftson.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/COVID-19-Emergency-Response-Resource-Guide- Final-11.18.20.pdf. 63. Research team interview with Joan McDonald, County Chief Operating Officer. 64. Research team interview with agency. 65. PennDOTâs Response to COVID-19. Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. Updated July 8, 2020. https://www.penndot.gov/Documents/PennDOT-COVID-Response.pdf. 66. Smith, S. (2020). Rural California Transit Agency Reinvents Itself During COVID. Governing Magazine, https://www.governing.com/now/Rural-California-Transit-Agency-Reinvents-Itself-During-COVID.html. 67. Research team interview with agency. 68. Research team interview with agency. 69. Research team interview with agency. 70. Webinar: Transit Innovation in the Time of COVID. ENO Center of Transportation, Aug. 4, 2020. 71. Northern Arizona Intergovernmental Public Transportation Authority. Mountain Line. https://mountain line.az.gov/health/. Sam Schwartz Consulting. (2020). Public Transit and COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Research and Best Practices. American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC, p. 46. https:// www.apta.com/wp-content/uploads/APTA_Covid_Best_Practices_09.29.2020.pdf. 72. Queram, K. E. (2020). Transit Authority Looks to Bus Lanes to Reduce Crowding, Encourage Social Distancing. Route Fifty. https://www.route-fifty.com/infrastructure/2020/09/transit-authority-bus-lanes- social-distancing/168185/. 73. Rozen, C. (2020). Covid Flight from Transit Forces Shift to Riders Without Choices. Bloomberg Govern- ment. https://about.bgov.com/news/covid-flight-from-transit-forces-shift-to-riders-without-choices/ #:â¼:text=Public%20transportation%20leaders%20are%20rethinking,19%20pandemic%20will%20never %20return. 74. Sam Schwartz Consulting. (2020). Public Transit and COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Research and Best Practices. American Public Transportation Association, Washington, DC, p. 45. https://www.apta.com/ wp-content/uploads/APTA_Covid_Best_Practices_09.29.2020.pdf. 75. Dual Disaster Handbook Offers Practical Guidance Amidst Chaos. AASHTO press release, June 26, 2020. 76. American Flood Coalition and American Public Health Association. (2020). Dual Disaster Handbook. https://floodcoalition.org/resources/dualdisaster/. 77. Ibid. 78. Roundtable session held at 2018 MAASHTO Regional Meeting. 79. Research team interview with agency. 80. Research team interview with agency. 81. Research team interview with agency. 82. Research team interview with agency. 83. Rozen, C. (2020). Covid Flight from Transit Forces Shift to Riders Without Choices. Bloomberg Govern- ment. https://about.bgov.com/news/covid-flight-from-transit-forces-shift-to-riders-without-choices/ #:â¼:text=Public%20transportation%20leaders%20are%20rethinking,19%20pandemic%20will%20never %20return. 84. Ibid. 85. Minor, N. After Coronavirus Slashed Ridership, Coloradoâs Transit Agencies Prep for a Long Trip Back. CPR News, April 30, 2020. 86. National Response Framework. Federal Emergency Management Agency. https://www.fema.gov/ emergency-managers/national-preparedness/frameworks/response. 87. Research team interviews with transportation agencies. 88. Research team interviews with transportation agencies. 89. Center for Urban Transportation Research, University of South Florida. (2020). COVID-19âEmergency Management Tips and Practices for Bus Transit Systems. Florida Department of Transportation, Tallahassee, FL. https://ftson.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/COVID-19-Emergency-Response-Resource-Guide- Final-11.18.20.pdf. 90. Research team interview with agency. 91. Research team interview with agency. 92. Research team interview with agency.
Endnotes 63 93. Research team interview with agency. 94. Research team interview with agency. 95. Research team interview with agency. 96. Smith, S. (2020). Rural California Transit Agency Reinvents Itself During COVID. Governing Magazine, https://www.governing.com/now/Rural-California-Transit-Agency-Reinvents-Itself-During-COVID.html. 97. Minor, N. After Coronavirus Slashed Ridership, Coloradoâs Transit Agencies Prep for a Long Trip Back. CPR News, April 30, 2020. 98. Research team interview with agency. 99. Minor, N. After Coronavirus Slashed Ridership, Coloradoâs Transit Agencies Prep for a Long Trip Back. CPR News, April 30, 2020. 100. Research team interview with agency. 101. Research team interview with agency. 102. Research team interview with agency. 103. Research team interview with Colorado DOT. 104. Research team interview with transportation agency. 105. Smith, S. (2020). Rural California Transit Agency Reinvents Itself During COVID. Governing Magazine, https://www.governing.com/now/Rural-California-Transit-Agency-Reinvents-Itself-During-COVID.html. 106. Ibid. 107. NYU/Wagner Rudin Center for Transportation, and Sam Schwartz Transportation Consultants. (2020). Transportation During Coronavirus in NYC. New York. https://wagner.nyu.edu/impact/research/ publications/transportation-during-coronavirus-nyc. 108. Rozen, C. (2020). Covid Flight from Transit Forces Shift to Riders Without Choices. Bloomberg Govern- ment. https://about.bgov.com/news/covid-flight-from-transit-forces-shift-to-riders-without-choices/ #:â¼:text=Public%20transportation%20leaders%20are%20rethinking,19%20pandemic%20will%20never %20return.