National Academies Press: OpenBook

Airport Biometrics: A Primer (2021)

Chapter: Appendix M - IATA OneID and Seamless Flow

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Page 235
Suggested Citation:"Appendix M - IATA OneID and Seamless Flow." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Biometrics: A Primer. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26180.
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Page 235
Page 236
Suggested Citation:"Appendix M - IATA OneID and Seamless Flow." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Airport Biometrics: A Primer. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26180.
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Page 236

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235   IATA OneID and Seamless Flow IATA OneID or Seamless Flow The concept of this use case is that the passenger enrolls with his/her biometric details prior to each journey and is then able to pass several processing steps at the airport by just showing his/her face (e.g., for check-in, bag drop, security, border control, boarding, or even airline lounge entry and duty-free purchases) by using biometric verification touchpoints. The process- ing steps can also include the arrival process at the destination airport or the arrival process on return at the origin airport. In addition to smooth processing of the passenger, the system can also recognize and differentiate passenger personas and provide services tailored to the persona on the journey (for example, for priority or disabled passengers). The biometric enrollment takes place at kiosks located at the airport that are capable of reading e-passports. As part of identity proofing, the passenger’s identity is verified based on the e-passport or another biometric identity card, and the image of the passenger that is stored on the chip (1:1 matching). After positive identification, the system takes a new photo of the passenger and stores this as the biometric credential in the database of the biometric system for a set period. The database will not contain more data than the daily throughput at the airport; this way, the 1:1 search time to match the face of the passenger with the stored image will be limited. As opposed to TVS, the database will only be populated with images of passengers that actively enroll and give their consent to use their biometrics. Before each trip, passengers enroll with their biometric details, or when DTC is used, push their biometric credentials from their mobile device to the database of the seamless system, where the data are stored in a PDE. Besides the passenger’s digital identity credentials, the PDE can also contain personal information that can be of use for the process at the airport, such as loyalty program status or disabilities. Other information, such as age, sex, and nationality, may be of special interest for border authorities to use for targeting passengers that have a higher risk profile. In the post COVID-19 era, medical information related to the passenger, such as proof of vaccination, may be stored in the PDE and used for a frictionless journey. After enrollment, based on the information in the PDE, the data-management platform verifies whether the passenger is authorized to pass through all steps of the passenger process. This authentication is performed based on business rules that are programmed in the data- management platform. As a result, just after enrollment, the system knows exactly what to do with the passenger for each touchpoint. The biometric touchpoints are all connected with and managed by the data-management platform through a local area network. The data-management platform and biometric database can either run from a server located at the airport or from a server in the cloud. This data- management platform also manages the interfaces with third-party databases such as airline DCS; A P P E N D I X M

236 Airport Biometrics: A Primer border police systems, databases, and watch lists; and potentially other airport systems such as point of sales. The business rules for decision making related to the identified person are deter- mined by information retrieved from third-party systems. These business rules can potentially be dynamic for border control agencies for targeting specific groups of passengers. After 15 years of driving this initiative, IATA hopes its solution can at first be adopted in markets that are struggling with capacity. OneID is going to be possible in the coming years in two or three countries; however, a rollout of the project and wider adoption will be limited until a digital ID specification is in place. Stakeholders in the Biometric System Because the Seamless Flow system covers multiple steps in the passenger process, there are multiple stakeholders. The border authorities are the responsible party for the border control process and, as such, are a core stakeholder, whereas the responsibility for the passenger checks at boarding lies with the airlines. The airport is responsible for access control to the security area, so the airport also has an important stake. Required IT Infrastructure or Facilities The Seamless Flow system extends to multiple verification touchpoints at airports. More extensive network infrastructure will be required compared to the earlier biometric systems, depending on the number of touchpoints that are connected and the scale. A seamless system typically contains the following components: • Biometric enrollment stations; • Biometric touchpoints that support self-service access; • Biometric touchpoints for other processes, such as bag drop, dynamic wayfinding, and point of sale; • A secure local area network; • Data-management platform and face-recognition algorithm; and • Biometric template database (either in the cloud or in a local database). The concept of Seamless Flow requires interfaces with other systems as it attempts to ease the passenger journey between multiple stakeholders. The seamless data-management platform requires an interface with the airlines’ DCS at check-in when a combined CUSS/biometric device is used, and again, an interface with the DCS upon boarding. For the border control checkpoint, an interface is required with the systems and search-list databases of the border authorities. Note: When the biometric system needs to interface with CUTE/Common Use Passenger Processing System (CUPPS), the equipment will require certification—the vendor of the hard- ware needs to pay for this certification and will forward the cost to the owner(s). In case the CUTE/CUPPS is owned by multiple airlines in a so-called CUTE Local User Board (CLUB), this will require approval of the CLUB members. Passenger Groups That Can Use the System All passengers can use the system who are holding an e-passport and are traveling by airlines that participate in the seamless travel service that is provided at the airport.

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Biometrics is one of the most powerful, but misunderstood technologies used at airports today. The ability to increase the speed of individual processes, as well as offer a touch-free experience throughout an entire journey is a revolution that is decades in the making.

The TRB Airport Cooperative Research Program's ACRP Research Report 233: Airport Biometrics: A Primer is designed to help aviation stakeholders, especially airport operators, to understand the range of issues and choices available when considering, and deciding on, a scalable and effective set of solutions using biometrics. These solutions may serve as a platform to accommodate growth as well as addressing the near-term focus regarding safe operations during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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