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Suggested Citation:"Chapter 11. References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Developing Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26199.
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Page 119
Page 120
Suggested Citation:"Chapter 11. References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Developing Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26199.
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Page 120
Page 121
Suggested Citation:"Chapter 11. References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Developing Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26199.
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Page 122
Suggested Citation:"Chapter 11. References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2021. Developing Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26199.
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Page 122

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

108 Chapter 11. References 1. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, 2011. 2. Code of Federal Regulations, 23 CFR Part 625, “Design Standards for Highways.” 3. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Geometric Design Guide for Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation of Highways and Streets, 1977. 4. Special Report 214: Designing Safer Roads: Practices for Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation Projects, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1987. 5. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Guidelines for Geometric Design of Very Low-Volume Local Roads (≤ 400 ADT), 2001. 6. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Highway Safety Manual, 2010. 7. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Highway Safety Manual, Supplement, 2014. 8. Highway Capacity Manual, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2010. 9. Harwood, D. W., D. J. Cook, R. Coakley, and C. Polk, Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation Projects. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2021. 10. Zegeer, C. V., R. C. Deen, and J. G. Mayes, Effect of Lane and Shoulder Width on Accident Reduction on Rural, Two-Lane Roads, Transportation Research Record, No. 806, Transportation Research Board, 1981. 11. Glennon, J. C., NCHRP Report 148: Roadside Safety Investment Programs on Freeways: A Cost-Effectiveness Priority Approach, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1974. 12. Mak, K. K., and D. L. Sicking, NCHRP Report 492: Roadside Safety Analysis Program (RSAP)—Engineer’s Manual, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2003. 13. Ray, M. H., C. E. Carrigan, C. A. Plaxico, S. P. Miaou, and T. O. Johnson, Roadside Safety Analysis Program (RSAP) Update, Appendix A: User’s Manual, Version 3.0.0, Final Report of NCHRP Project 22-27, http://rsap.roadsafellc.com, 2012. 14. Ray, M. H., C. E. Carrigan, C. A. Plaxico, S. P. Miaou, and T. O. Johnson, Roadside Safety Analysis Program (RSAP) Update, Appendix B: Engineer’s Manual, Version 3.0,0, Final Report of NCHRP 22-27, http://rsap.roadsafellc.com, 2012. 15. Turner, D. S., “Prediction of Bridge Accident Rates,” Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 110, No. 1, American Society of Civil Engineers, January 1984.

109 16. Glennon, J. C., Effect of Alignment on Highway Safety, in State of the Art Report 6: Relationship Between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1987. 17. Olson, P. L., D. E. Cleveland, P. S. Fancher, L. P. Kostyniuk, and L. W. Schneider, NCHRP Report 270: Parameters Affecting Stopping Sight Distance, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1984. 18. Cleveland, D., Effect of Resurfacing on Highway Safety, in State of the Art Report 6: Relationship Between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1987. 19. Olson, P. L., R. Zimmer, and V. Pezoldt, Pavement Edge Drop, The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, 1986. 20. Glennon, J. C., Effect of Pavement/Shoulder Drop-Offs on Highway Safety, in State of the Art Report 6: Relationship Between Safety and Key Highway Features: A Synthesis of Prior Research, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1987. 21. U.S. Department of Transportation, “Revisions to Controlling Criteria for Design and Documentation for Design Exceptions,” Memorandum from Robert B. Mooney, Federal Highway Administration, May 5, 2016. 22. Harwood, D. W., J. M. Hutton, C. Fees, K. M. Bauer, A. Glen, H. Ouren, Quincy Engineering, and HQE, Inc. NCHRP Report 783: Evaluation of the 13 Controlling Criteria for Geometric Design, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2014. 23. FHWA Interactive Highway Safety Design Model Website, www.ihsdm.org. 24. Fitzpatrick, K., L. Elefteriadou, D. W. Harwood, J. M. Collins, J. McFadden, I. B. Anderson, R. A. Krammes, N. Irizarry, K. D. Parma, K. M. Bauer, and K. Passetti, Speed Prediction for Two-Lane Rural Highways, Report No. FHWA-RD-99-171, Federal Highway Administration, August 2000. 25. Harwood, D. W., E. R. Kohlman Rabbani, K. R. Richard, H. W. McGee, and G. L. Gittings, NCHRP Report 486: Systemwide Impact of Safety and Traffic Operations Design Decision for 3R Projects, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2003. 26. Hauer, E., D. Terry, and M. S. Griffith, Effect of Resurfacing on the Safety of Two-Lane Rural Roads in New York State, Transportation Research Record, No. 1467, Transportation Research Board, 1994. 27. AASHTOWare Safety Analyst Website, www.safetyanalyst.org. 28. Harwood, D. W., D. J. Torbic, K. R. Richard, and M. M. Meyer, SafetyAnalyst: Software Tools for Safety Management of Specific Highway Sites, Report No. FHWA-HRT-10- 063, Federal Highway Administration, 2010. 29. Neuman, T. R., R. Coakley, S. Panguluri, and D. W. Harwood, NCHRP Research Report 839: A Performance-Based Highway Geometric Design Process. Transportation Research Board, Washington, DC, 2017.

110 30. McGee, H. W., NCHRP Synthesis 417: Geometric Design Practices for Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2011. 31. Bahar, G., Transportation Research Circular E-C142:Methodology for the Development and Inclusion of Crash Modification Factors in the First Edition of the Highway Safety Manual, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2010. 32. Crash Modification Factors Clearinghouse, www.cmfclearinghouse.org, Federal Highway Administration. 33. Gross, F., B. Persaud, and C. Lyon. A Guide to Developing Crash Modification Factors, Report No. FHWA-SA-10-032, Federal Highway Administration, 2010. 34. Harwood, D. W., F. M. Council, E. Hauer, W. E. Hughes, and A. Vogt, Prediction of the Expected Safety Performance of Rural Two-Lane Highways, Report No. FHWA-RD- 99-207, Federal Highway Administration, December 2000. 35. Griffin, L. I., and K. K. Mak, The Benefits to be Achieved From Widening Rural, Two- Lane Farm-to-Market Roads in Texas, Report No. IAC (86-87)-1039, Texas Transportation Institute, College Station, Texas, April 1987. 36. Zegeer, C.V., D.W. Reinfurt, J. Humma, L. Herf, and W. Hunter, Safety Effects of Cross-Section Design for Two-Lane Roads, Transportation Research Record, No. 1195, Transportation Research Board, 1988. 37. Zegeer, C. V., J. R. Stewart, F. M. Council, D. W. Reinfurt, and E. Hamilton, Safety Effects of Geometric Improvements on Horizontal Curves, Transportation Research Record, No. 1356, Transportation Research Board, 1992. 38. Torbic, D.J., J.M. Hutton, C.D. Bokenkroger, K.M. Bauer, D.W. Harwood, D.K. Gilmore, J.M. Dunn, J.J. Ronchetto, E.T. Donnell, H.J. Sommer III, P.M. Garvey, B. Persaud, and C. Lyon, NCHRP Report 641: Guidance for the Design and Application of Shoulder and Centerline Rumble Strips, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2009. 39. Potts, I. B., D. W. Harwood, C.D. Brokenkroger, and M. M. Knoshang, Benefit/Cost Evaluation of MoDOT’s Total Striping and Delineation Program, Phase II, Report No. CMI12-002, Missouri Department of Transportation, June 2011. 40. Fitzpatrick, K., A. H. Parham, and M. A. Brewer, Treatments for Crashes on Rural Two- Lane Highways in Texas, Report No. FHWA/TX-02/4048-2, Texas Department of Transportation, April 2002. 41. Harkey, D. L., R. Srinivasan, J. Baek, F. M. Council, K. Eccles, N. Lefler, F. Gross, B. Persaud, C. Lyon, E. Hauer, and J. Bonneson, NCHRP Report 617: Accident ModificationFactors for Traffic Engineering and ITS Improvements, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2008.

111 42. Lord, D., S. R. Geedipally, B. N. Persaud, S. P. Washington, I. van Schalkwyk, J. N. Ivan, C. Lyon, and T. Jonsson, NCHRP Web-Only Document 126: Methodology to Predict the Safety Performance of Multilane Rural Highways, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, DC, 2008. 43. Potts, I. B., D. W. Harwood, and K. R. Richard, Relationship of Lane Width to Safety of Urban and Suburban Arterials, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2023, Washington, DC, 2007. 44. U.S. Department of Transportation, “Guidance on Treatment of the Economic Value of a Statistical Life (VSL) in U.S. Department of Transportation Economic Analyses – 2015 Adjustment, Memorandum from K. Thompson and C. Monje, Office of the Secretary of Transportation, June 17, 2015. 45. Zegeer, C. V., R. Stewart, F. Council, and T. R. Neuman, NCHRP Report 362: Roadway Widths for Low-Traffic-Volume Roads, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, DC, 1994. 46. Council, F. M., E. Zaloshnja, T. Miller, and B. Persaud, Crash Cost Estimates by Maximum Police Reported Injury Severity within Selected Crash Geometries, Report No. FHWA-HRT-05-051, Federal Highway Administration, October, 2005. 47. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Price Index web site, http://www.bls.gov/cpi/cpi_dr.htm. 48. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Cost Index historical values, http://www.bls.gov/web/eci/echistrynaics.pdf.

Next: Appendix A. 3R Project Implementation Cost Estimation Procedures »
Developing Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects Get This Book
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The aging U.S. highway system, coupled with fiscal constraints, is placing increased pressures on highway agencies to maintain the highway system in a cost-effective manner and is, thus, creating greater needs for 3R projects.

The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Web-Only Document 244: Developing Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects presents the results of research to develop improved design guidelines for 3R projects. The guidelines were developed to replace the older guidance presented in TRB Special Report 214: Designing Safer Roads: Practices for Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation.

Supplementary to the Document is NCHRP Research Report 876: Guidelines for Integrating Safety and Cost-Effectiveness into Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation (3R) Projects. Two spreadsheet tools for benefit–cost analysis in support of design decisions for 3R projects also accompany the report. Spreadsheet Tool 1 is a tool for analysis of a single design alternative or combination of alternatives. Spreadsheet Tool 2 is a tool for comparison of several design alternatives or combinations of alternatives.

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