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4 Contents SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Chapter 1: PROJECT CONTEXT, RESEARCH OBJECTIVES, AND APPROACH ................................................. 10 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 10 Research Purpose ................................................................................................................................... 10 Research Approach ................................................................................................................................. 11 Organizational Perspectives on Transportation System Resilience ........................................................ 12 Report Organization ................................................................................................................................ 17 Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW AND RESILIENCE DEFINITION .................................................................. 18 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 18 Alternative Definitions of Resilience ....................................................................................................... 18 Transportation Systems Resilience ..................................................................................................... 19 Transportation Operational Resilience ............................................................................................... 21 Organizational Resilience .................................................................................................................... 24 A Systems Perspective on Resilience ...................................................................................................... 29 Transportation and Community Resilience ........................................................................................ 31 Disruption Impacts and System Adaptation ........................................................................................... 32 Disruption Characteristics ................................................................................................................... 32 All-Hazards Approach .......................................................................................................................... 34 Measuring Resilience .............................................................................................................................. 41 Disruption Response Metrics â Time to Recovery from Incidents ..................................................... 42 Asset Condition Resilience to Disruption ............................................................................................ 44 Transportation Systems or Network-level Resilience Metrics ............................................................ 46 Community Resilience Metrics ........................................................................................................... 47 Organization Effectiveness and/or Performance Relating to Resilience ............................................ 48 Chapter 3: RISE CONFERENCE ..................................................................................................................... 50 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 50 Overarching Observations ...................................................................................................................... 50 Keynote Presentation, Mike Lewis, Executive Director, Colorado Department of Transportation ... 57 Research Topics .................................................................................................................................. 59 Final Session ........................................................................................................................................ 60 Chapter 4: MAINSTREAMING SYSTEM RESILIENCE CONCEPTS INTO TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES: A GUIDE ................................................................................................................................. 63 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 63
5 Characteristics of the Self-Assessment Tool ........................................................................................... 64 Chapter 5: IMPLEMENTATION OF RESILIENCE STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMS ........................................... 76 Implementation Challenges .................................................................................................................... 76 National Resilience Program ................................................................................................................... 79 State DOTs and Other Transportation Agencies ..................................................................................... 83 Education and Training ........................................................................................................................... 84 Education ............................................................................................................................................ 85 Training ............................................................................................................................................... 86 Chapter 6: CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................... 87 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................ 89 Appendix A: RISE PROGRAM ....................................................................................................................... 97 TABLES Table 1: Summary Table of Climate Impacts on Highway System ............................................................. 35 Table 2: Categories of Public Transit Infrastructure and Services Impacts ................................................ 38 Table 3: Self-Assessment Questions for Step 2; Organize for Success ....................................................... 70 Table 4: Example Early Win Actions ............................................................................................................ 71 Table 5: Challenges to Implementation ...................................................................................................... 77 Table 6:Example Resilience Policies in Federal Legislation and Agency Guidance Documents ................. 80 FIGURES Figure 1: Research Approach ...................................................................................................................... 12 Figure 2: Perspectives on Resilience will Vary by Where You Sit at the Table ........................................... 19 Figure 3: Incident Scale in Relation to Public Preparedness, Intergovernmental Multi-jurisdictional Involvement ............................................................................................................................................. 33 Figure 4: Resilience Triangle ....................................................................................................................... 43 Figure 5: Resilience Considerations Should be Part of All DOT Functional Areas ...................................... 54 Figure 6: Incorporating Risk and Resilience into Corridor Studies, Utah DOT ............................................ 55 Figure 7: State DOT's Circle of Life and Disruption Response ..................................................................... 58 Figure 8: Organizational Resilience Framework and Self-assessment Stepsâ Underlying Guide Organization ............................................................................................................................................ 65 This document contains the contractorâs guide for NCHRP Project 20-117 and accompanies NCHRP Research Report Pre-Publication 970: Mainstreaming System Resilience Concepts into Transportation Agencies: A Guide. Readers can read or purchase NCHRP Research Report 970 at www.trb.org.
6 List of Acronyms AASHTO: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ACRP: Airport Cooperative Research Program AMPO: Association of Metropolitan Planning Organizations ANL: Argonne National Laboratories ARC: Atlanta Regional Commission Caltrans: California Department of Transportation CAPTA: Costing Asset Protection for Transportation Agencies CDOT: Colorado Department of Transportation CEO: Chief Executive Officer CFR: Code of Federal Regulations CMI: Consequence Measurement Index CMM: Capability Maturity Model CO2: Carbon Dioxide COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease 2019 CRP: Cooperative Research Program CRR: Cyber Resilience Review CSO: Community Service Organization CUTC: Council of University Transportation Centers DHS: Department of Homeland Security DOT: Department of Transportation ERM: Enterprise Risk Management FE: Finite Element FEMA: Federal Emergency Management Agency FFS: Free Flow Speed FHWA: Federal Highway Administration FTA: Federal Transit Administration GDOT: Georgia Department of Transportation InSAR: Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar IT: Information Technology LA Metro: Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority LOS: Level of Service MIL: Maturity Indicator Level MOR: Measure of Resilience NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People NARC: National Association of Regional Councils NCFRP: National Cooperative Freight Research Program NCHRP: National Cooperative Highway Research Program NHI: National Highway Institute NHS: National Highway System NIST: National Institute of Standards and Technology NTIMC: National Traffic Incident Management Coalition NRP: National Response Plan
7 NUG: National Unified Goal O&M: Operations and Maintenance OSSPAC: Oregon Seismic Safety Policy Advisory Commission PI: Performance Index PMI: Protective Measurement Index RISE: Resilience Innovations Summit and Exchange RMI: Resilience Measurement Index SHM: Structural Health Monitoring SME: Subject Matter Expert SOV: Single Occupant Vehicle TCRP: Transit Cooperative Research Program TEACR: Transportation Engineering Approaches to Climate Resiliency THIRA: Threat and Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment TIM: Traffic Incident Management TIM SA: Traffic Incident Management Self-Assessment TRB: Transportation Research Board TSA: Transportation Security Administration TSM&O: Transportation System Management and Operations TTTR: Truck Travel Time Reliability VI: Vulnerability Index
