Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders: 2008 Annual Report (2009)

Below is the uncorrected machine-read text of this chapter, intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text of each book. Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.

About the Neuroscience Forum The Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2006 established the Forum on Neuroscience Forum Members and Nervous System Disorders. The Forum is designed to provide its mem- (December 2008) bers with a venue for exchanging information, presenting individual views, and allowing a structured opportunity for dialogue and discussion while scrutinizing critical and possibly contentious scientific and policy issues. Representatives from government, industry, academia, patient advocacy orga- nizations, and other interested parties serve on the Forum. It convenes three Alan Leshner (Chair) American Association for the Advancement Story Landis National Institute of Neurological Disorders 2008 ANNUAL REPORT times a year to confer on subject areas of mutual interest and concern. At its of Science and Stroke meetings, the Forum discusses emerging scientific and policy issues related to Huda Akil Husseini Manji Forum member Timothy Coetzee and Venture Philanthropy Workshop October 2008 speakers basic neuroscience and nervous system disorders, as well as effective clinical University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals Peter Heinecke and Kenneth Schaner. interventions and policy options. The Forum sponsors workshops (symposia) Marc Barlow Michael Oberdorfer as an additional mechanism for informing the membership of the Forum, other GE Healthcare, Inc. National Eye Institute, NIH Neuroscience relevant stakeholders, and the public. Information about past or upcoming meetings is available at the Forum’s website, www.iom.edu/neuroforum. David Bredt Blueprint representative Sponsors Forum Lilly Research Laboratories Kathie Olsen About the Institute of Medicine on Sponsoring members include federal agencies, patient advocacy organizations, industry, and a non- National Science Foundation Daniel Burch profit membership society. The Institute of Medicine serves as adviser to the nation to improve health. CeNeRx Biopharma Atul Pande Established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, Alzheimer’s Association National Institute of Neurological Disorders GlaxoSmithKline Neuroscience the Institute of Medicine provides independent, objective, evidence-based Dennis Choi AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals and Stroke advice to policy makers, health professionals, the private sector, and the Emory University Menelas Pangalos CeNeRx Biopharma National Institute on Aging public. The mission of the IOM embraces the health of people everywhere. Wyeth Research Timothy Coetzee Eli Lilly and Company National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and FastForward of the National Multiple Steven Paul GE Healthcare Alcoholism Sclerosis Society Eli Lilly and Company GlaxoSmithKline National Institute on Drug Abuse Forum Staff David Cohen William Potter Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals Merck Research Laboratories National Institutes of Health Neuroscience Blueprint and Columbia University, Society for Merck Research Laboratories Bruce Altevogt, Ph.D. The Michael J. Fox Foundation for National Multiple Sclerosis Society Neuroscience representative Nervous System Project Director Paul Sieving Parkinson’s Research National Science Foundation Sarah Hanson Richard Frank National Eye Institute National Eye Institute Society for Neuroscience Associate Program Officer GE Healthcare, Inc. National Institute of Mental Health Wyeth Research Rae Silver Lora Taylor Richard Hodes Columbia University Senior Project Assistant Board on Health Sciences Policy National Institute on Aging Katie Hood William Thies Alzheimer’s Association Neuroscience Forum Funding: 2008 Disorders Andrew Pope, Ph.D. The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Industry Nonprofit Federal Nora Volkow Director Parkinson’s Research National Institute on Drug Abuse Steven Hyman Kenneth Warren Harvard University National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Judy Illes Alcoholism 45% University of British Columbia 47% Frank Yocca Thomas Insel AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals Board on National Institute of Mental Health Christian Zimmerman Health Neuroscience Associates Sciences For additional information on the Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Policy Disorders visit the Forum’s website at www.iom.edu/neuroforum, 8% or call Bruce Altevogt at (202) 334-3984. 

MESSAGE Reflecting Back Lo o k i n g A h e a d FROM THE CHAIR Forum Activities in 2008 Forum Activities for 2009 R ecognizing the need to Grand Challenges in Neuroscience Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in sub-Saharan Africa: A Workshop bring together the diverse The concept of outlining grand challenges for a given field is not new. Their purpose usually is either to Described in the activities for 2008, the Forum, in collaboration with the Uganda National Academy of set of stakeholders involved highlight major opportunities or to help mobilize and unify the field to address particularly complex but Sciences, will host a workshop “Quality of Care Issues for Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in the neurosciences, the timely questions that require the coordinated work of scientists in many subdisciplines. However, major in sub-Saharan Africa” in Kampala, Uganda, in August 2009. The purpose of this workshop is primar- National Academies estab- grand challenges have not been articulated for the neurosciences in many years. In response, the Forum ily to engage policy makers, international stakeholders, local parishioners, and rising leaders in the Panel discussion, Venture Philanthropy Workshop October 2008 lished the Forum on Neuroscience and held a public workshop that featured presentations and discussion on a set of guiding principles, fun- area of brain disorder research, to examine issues related to the burden of brain disease in the region, Nervous System Disorders to engage damental scientific questions, resource requirements, and long- and short-term goals for a grand chal- cost-effectiveness and quality of care in resource poor settings, best practices and care strategies, and leaders from private-sector sponsors of biomedical and clinical research, fed- lenge in neuroscience. The unifying theme for this workshop was the need to expand understanding of how perception, cognition, and action emerge in the human brain from interactions among molecules, identification of challenges and opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa. Working Groups eral agencies sponsoring and regulating Neuroscience and Society Initiative at Society for Neuroscience Meeting 2009 chemicals, neurons, and circuits; the brain’s fundamental building blocks. Top experts from a diverse basic biomedical and clinical research, The Forum will be responsible for organizing the Social Issues Roundtable at the 2009 meeting of the Working groups are established and maintained by interested members and are open to all member- range of fields came together at this workshop to discuss these issues. The summary of the workshop private foundations, the academic com- Society for Neuroscience. The purpose of this session, and initiative, will be to start engaging in a dia- ship. The Forum’s working groups engage in regular discussions, usually via teleconferences, on topics was released in October 2008 and can be found at www.iom.edu/neurograndchallenges. munity, and other consumers. logue about the critical time neuroscience is entering with regard to ethical and social issues that arise of interest to that group. Workshop topics often originate from working groups and are organized by an Alan Leshner Patient Advocacy Organizations and Venture Philanthropy as we begin to further understand what makes us human. Topics will include: independently appointed workshop planning committee. Through its quarterly meetings and public workshops, the Forum has pro- Voluntary health organizations—that is, nonprofit charitable organizations, patient advocacy groups, • An overview of the current and predicted conflict vided a venue where its members, other leaders from the neurosciences, and Grand Challenges in Neuroscience and foundations—have increasingly begun to shift from providing care, educational resources, and between research findings and an individual’s under- members of the public can have candid discussions about issues of mutual This working group is following up on the efforts set out by the workshop on grand challenges in funding research grants to supporting the earliest stages of drug development and engaging in transla- standing of their humanity; interest. We believe these discussions enhance understanding of research neuroscience. The group is also discussing strategies to help guide the initiative, including establishing tional research. These organizations have utilized principles from venture philanthropy, which stems • The implications of the potential conflicts between and clinical issues associated with the nervous system among the scien- common messaging on the grand challenges that could be utilized by stakeholders. from venture capitalism, but is unique improved scientific understanding of the brain and tific community and the general public, and provide a mechanism to foster partnerships among stakeholders. Two particular examples include a Forum in that its mission is aligned with phil- society’s views and values; and Public – Private Partnerships anthropic goals and outcomes, as a • The need to acknowledge potential conflicts and workshop and report on autism and the environment that brought together A working group has been established to identify areas of synergy where public- and private-sector critical way to advance their mission develop a strategy for engaging with the public in advocates, scientists and funders, and a series of meetings on venture philan- stakeholders can partner to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of drug discovery and development of helping patients and working to cure such a way as to minimize conflict and ensure that thropy, a relatively new phenomenon where advocates and patient groups for neurological and mental disorders. disease. Individuals from several vol- society can and will in fact reap the benefits of neu- become both funders and partners in research programs. Forum members Story Landis and Richard Hodes untary health organizations, academia, roscience research. Suicidality in CNS Clinical Trials government, and industry attended a This multi-sector working group has been established to further explore the technical implications of a Suicidality in CNS Clinical Trials Forum-sponsored public workshop to recent announcement from the FDA requiring assessments of suicidality in all CNS clinical trials. The discuss and share their experiences and A public workshop will be held in June 2009 and will involve individuals from the FDA, pharmaceuti- working group consists of stakeholders from various areas of industry, academia, and government. Alan Leshner cal industry, academia, and the NIH to make presentations and stimulate discussions focused on how Chair lessons learned as their organization moved into a translational research pro- best to integrate the current tools for data collection with current methods of data analysis. In addition, gram supported through venture philan- the workshop participants will discuss opportunities for potential partnerships with various stakehold- thropy strategies. The summary of the Workshop participant Judy Woodcock ers. Specifically, participants will be invited to present and discuss information that will: workshop was released in February 2009 and can be found on the Forum’s website. • Identify areas of opportunity to improve or optimize the current methods of data col- Forum members Rae Silver and Richard lection specifically related to C-CASA categories of ideation, preparatory behavior, or Nakamura, Venture Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in sub-Saharan Africa aborted attempt, and examine if they constitute risk factors for suicide incidence in the Philanthropy Work- The Forum, in collaboration with the Uganda National Academy of Sciences, is striving to enhance short term. shop October 2008 understanding of research and clinical issues associated with the nervous system among the scientific • Discuss potential analyses of the data that would better delineate the extent to which community and the general public, and to provide a mechanism to foster partnerships among stake- C-CASA categories of ideation, preparatory behavior, or aborted attempt constitute risk Forum members Huda Akil holders. The Forum and Uganda National Academy of Sciences held two stakeholders meetings—in factors for suicide incidence in the short term. and Thomas Insel Kampala, Uganda, and in Washington, DC, in 2008—in order to receive input to help inform the • Examine potential partnerships between the FDA, pharmaceutical industry, academia, and agenda for a workshop in Kampala, Uganda, in August 2009. the NIH that could be used to generate the necessary data and analyses. 

MESSAGE Reflecting Back Lo o k i n g A h e a d FROM THE CHAIR Forum Activities in 2008 Forum Activities for 2009 R ecognizing the need to Grand Challenges in Neuroscience Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in sub-Saharan Africa: A Workshop bring together the diverse The concept of outlining grand challenges for a given field is not new. Their purpose usually is either to Described in the activities for 2008, the Forum, in collaboration with the Uganda National Academy of set of stakeholders involved highlight major opportunities or to help mobilize and unify the field to address particularly complex but Sciences, will host a workshop “Quality of Care Issues for Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in the neurosciences, the timely questions that require the coordinated work of scientists in many subdisciplines. However, major in sub-Saharan Africa” in Kampala, Uganda, in August 2009. The purpose of this workshop is primar- National Academies estab- grand challenges have not been articulated for the neurosciences in many years. In response, the Forum ily to engage policy makers, international stakeholders, local parishioners, and rising leaders in the Panel discussion, Venture Philanthropy Workshop October 2008 lished the Forum on Neuroscience and held a public workshop that featured presentations and discussion on a set of guiding principles, fun- area of brain disorder research, to examine issues related to the burden of brain disease in the region, Nervous System Disorders to engage damental scientific questions, resource requirements, and long- and short-term goals for a grand chal- cost-effectiveness and quality of care in resource poor settings, best practices and care strategies, and leaders from private-sector sponsors of biomedical and clinical research, fed- lenge in neuroscience. The unifying theme for this workshop was the need to expand understanding of how perception, cognition, and action emerge in the human brain from interactions among molecules, identification of challenges and opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa. Working Groups eral agencies sponsoring and regulating Neuroscience and Society Initiative at Society for Neuroscience Meeting 2009 chemicals, neurons, and circuits; the brain’s fundamental building blocks. Top experts from a diverse basic biomedical and clinical research, The Forum will be responsible for organizing the Social Issues Roundtable at the 2009 meeting of the Working groups are established and maintained by interested members and are open to all member- range of fields came together at this workshop to discuss these issues. The summary of the workshop private foundations, the academic com- Society for Neuroscience. The purpose of this session, and initiative, will be to start engaging in a dia- ship. The Forum’s working groups engage in regular discussions, usually via teleconferences, on topics was released in October 2008 and can be found at www.iom.edu/neurograndchallenges. munity, and other consumers. logue about the critical time neuroscience is entering with regard to ethical and social issues that arise of interest to that group. Workshop topics often originate from working groups and are organized by an Alan Leshner Patient Advocacy Organizations and Venture Philanthropy as we begin to further understand what makes us human. Topics will include: independently appointed workshop planning committee. Through its quarterly meetings and public workshops, the Forum has pro- Voluntary health organizations—that is, nonprofit charitable organizations, patient advocacy groups, • An overview of the current and predicted conflict vided a venue where its members, other leaders from the neurosciences, and Grand Challenges in Neuroscience and foundations—have increasingly begun to shift from providing care, educational resources, and between research findings and an individual’s under- members of the public can have candid discussions about issues of mutual This working group is following up on the efforts set out by the workshop on grand challenges in funding research grants to supporting the earliest stages of drug development and engaging in transla- standing of their humanity; interest. We believe these discussions enhance understanding of research neuroscience. The group is also discussing strategies to help guide the initiative, including establishing tional research. These organizations have utilized principles from venture philanthropy, which stems • The implications of the potential conflicts between and clinical issues associated with the nervous system among the scien- common messaging on the grand challenges that could be utilized by stakeholders. from venture capitalism, but is unique improved scientific understanding of the brain and tific community and the general public, and provide a mechanism to foster partnerships among stakeholders. Two particular examples include a Forum in that its mission is aligned with phil- society’s views and values; and Public – Private Partnerships anthropic goals and outcomes, as a • The need to acknowledge potential conflicts and workshop and report on autism and the environment that brought together A working group has been established to identify areas of synergy where public- and private-sector critical way to advance their mission develop a strategy for engaging with the public in advocates, scientists and funders, and a series of meetings on venture philan- stakeholders can partner to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of drug discovery and development of helping patients and working to cure such a way as to minimize conflict and ensure that thropy, a relatively new phenomenon where advocates and patient groups for neurological and mental disorders. disease. Individuals from several vol- society can and will in fact reap the benefits of neu- become both funders and partners in research programs. Forum members Story Landis and Richard Hodes untary health organizations, academia, roscience research. Suicidality in CNS Clinical Trials government, and industry attended a This multi-sector working group has been established to further explore the technical implications of a Suicidality in CNS Clinical Trials Forum-sponsored public workshop to recent announcement from the FDA requiring assessments of suicidality in all CNS clinical trials. The discuss and share their experiences and A public workshop will be held in June 2009 and will involve individuals from the FDA, pharmaceuti- working group consists of stakeholders from various areas of industry, academia, and government. Alan Leshner cal industry, academia, and the NIH to make presentations and stimulate discussions focused on how Chair lessons learned as their organization moved into a translational research pro- best to integrate the current tools for data collection with current methods of data analysis. In addition, gram supported through venture philan- the workshop participants will discuss opportunities for potential partnerships with various stakehold- thropy strategies. The summary of the Workshop participant Judy Woodcock ers. Specifically, participants will be invited to present and discuss information that will: workshop was released in February 2009 and can be found on the Forum’s website. • Identify areas of opportunity to improve or optimize the current methods of data col- Forum members Rae Silver and Richard lection specifically related to C-CASA categories of ideation, preparatory behavior, or Nakamura, Venture Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in sub-Saharan Africa aborted attempt, and examine if they constitute risk factors for suicide incidence in the Philanthropy Work- The Forum, in collaboration with the Uganda National Academy of Sciences, is striving to enhance short term. shop October 2008 understanding of research and clinical issues associated with the nervous system among the scientific • Discuss potential analyses of the data that would better delineate the extent to which community and the general public, and to provide a mechanism to foster partnerships among stake- C-CASA categories of ideation, preparatory behavior, or aborted attempt constitute risk Forum members Huda Akil holders. The Forum and Uganda National Academy of Sciences held two stakeholders meetings—in factors for suicide incidence in the short term. and Thomas Insel Kampala, Uganda, and in Washington, DC, in 2008—in order to receive input to help inform the • Examine potential partnerships between the FDA, pharmaceutical industry, academia, and agenda for a workshop in Kampala, Uganda, in August 2009. the NIH that could be used to generate the necessary data and analyses. 

MESSAGE Reflecting Back Lo o k i n g A h e a d FROM THE CHAIR Forum Activities in 2008 Forum Activities for 2009 R ecognizing the need to Grand Challenges in Neuroscience Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in sub-Saharan Africa: A Workshop bring together the diverse The concept of outlining grand challenges for a given field is not new. Their purpose usually is either to Described in the activities for 2008, the Forum, in collaboration with the Uganda National Academy of set of stakeholders involved highlight major opportunities or to help mobilize and unify the field to address particularly complex but Sciences, will host a workshop “Quality of Care Issues for Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in the neurosciences, the timely questions that require the coordinated work of scientists in many subdisciplines. However, major in sub-Saharan Africa” in Kampala, Uganda, in August 2009. The purpose of this workshop is primar- National Academies estab- grand challenges have not been articulated for the neurosciences in many years. In response, the Forum ily to engage policy makers, international stakeholders, local parishioners, and rising leaders in the Panel discussion, Venture Philanthropy Workshop October 2008 lished the Forum on Neuroscience and held a public workshop that featured presentations and discussion on a set of guiding principles, fun- area of brain disorder research, to examine issues related to the burden of brain disease in the region, Nervous System Disorders to engage damental scientific questions, resource requirements, and long- and short-term goals for a grand chal- cost-effectiveness and quality of care in resource poor settings, best practices and care strategies, and leaders from private-sector sponsors of biomedical and clinical research, fed- lenge in neuroscience. The unifying theme for this workshop was the need to expand understanding of how perception, cognition, and action emerge in the human brain from interactions among molecules, identification of challenges and opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa. Working Groups eral agencies sponsoring and regulating Neuroscience and Society Initiative at Society for Neuroscience Meeting 2009 chemicals, neurons, and circuits; the brain’s fundamental building blocks. Top experts from a diverse basic biomedical and clinical research, The Forum will be responsible for organizing the Social Issues Roundtable at the 2009 meeting of the Working groups are established and maintained by interested members and are open to all member- range of fields came together at this workshop to discuss these issues. The summary of the workshop private foundations, the academic com- Society for Neuroscience. The purpose of this session, and initiative, will be to start engaging in a dia- ship. The Forum’s working groups engage in regular discussions, usually via teleconferences, on topics was released in October 2008 and can be found at www.iom.edu/neurograndchallenges. munity, and other consumers. logue about the critical time neuroscience is entering with regard to ethical and social issues that arise of interest to that group. Workshop topics often originate from working groups and are organized by an Alan Leshner Patient Advocacy Organizations and Venture Philanthropy as we begin to further understand what makes us human. Topics will include: independently appointed workshop planning committee. Through its quarterly meetings and public workshops, the Forum has pro- Voluntary health organizations—that is, nonprofit charitable organizations, patient advocacy groups, • An overview of the current and predicted conflict vided a venue where its members, other leaders from the neurosciences, and Grand Challenges in Neuroscience and foundations—have increasingly begun to shift from providing care, educational resources, and between research findings and an individual’s under- members of the public can have candid discussions about issues of mutual This working group is following up on the efforts set out by the workshop on grand challenges in funding research grants to supporting the earliest stages of drug development and engaging in transla- standing of their humanity; interest. We believe these discussions enhance understanding of research neuroscience. The group is also discussing strategies to help guide the initiative, including establishing tional research. These organizations have utilized principles from venture philanthropy, which stems • The implications of the potential conflicts between and clinical issues associated with the nervous system among the scien- common messaging on the grand challenges that could be utilized by stakeholders. from venture capitalism, but is unique improved scientific understanding of the brain and tific community and the general public, and provide a mechanism to foster partnerships among stakeholders. Two particular examples include a Forum in that its mission is aligned with phil- society’s views and values; and Public – Private Partnerships anthropic goals and outcomes, as a • The need to acknowledge potential conflicts and workshop and report on autism and the environment that brought together A working group has been established to identify areas of synergy where public- and private-sector critical way to advance their mission develop a strategy for engaging with the public in advocates, scientists and funders, and a series of meetings on venture philan- stakeholders can partner to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of drug discovery and development of helping patients and working to cure such a way as to minimize conflict and ensure that thropy, a relatively new phenomenon where advocates and patient groups for neurological and mental disorders. disease. Individuals from several vol- society can and will in fact reap the benefits of neu- become both funders and partners in research programs. Forum members Story Landis and Richard Hodes untary health organizations, academia, roscience research. Suicidality in CNS Clinical Trials government, and industry attended a This multi-sector working group has been established to further explore the technical implications of a Suicidality in CNS Clinical Trials Forum-sponsored public workshop to recent announcement from the FDA requiring assessments of suicidality in all CNS clinical trials. The discuss and share their experiences and A public workshop will be held in June 2009 and will involve individuals from the FDA, pharmaceuti- working group consists of stakeholders from various areas of industry, academia, and government. Alan Leshner cal industry, academia, and the NIH to make presentations and stimulate discussions focused on how Chair lessons learned as their organization moved into a translational research pro- best to integrate the current tools for data collection with current methods of data analysis. In addition, gram supported through venture philan- the workshop participants will discuss opportunities for potential partnerships with various stakehold- thropy strategies. The summary of the Workshop participant Judy Woodcock ers. Specifically, participants will be invited to present and discuss information that will: workshop was released in February 2009 and can be found on the Forum’s website. • Identify areas of opportunity to improve or optimize the current methods of data col- Forum members Rae Silver and Richard lection specifically related to C-CASA categories of ideation, preparatory behavior, or Nakamura, Venture Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in sub-Saharan Africa aborted attempt, and examine if they constitute risk factors for suicide incidence in the Philanthropy Work- The Forum, in collaboration with the Uganda National Academy of Sciences, is striving to enhance short term. shop October 2008 understanding of research and clinical issues associated with the nervous system among the scientific • Discuss potential analyses of the data that would better delineate the extent to which community and the general public, and to provide a mechanism to foster partnerships among stake- C-CASA categories of ideation, preparatory behavior, or aborted attempt constitute risk Forum members Huda Akil holders. The Forum and Uganda National Academy of Sciences held two stakeholders meetings—in factors for suicide incidence in the short term. and Thomas Insel Kampala, Uganda, and in Washington, DC, in 2008—in order to receive input to help inform the • Examine potential partnerships between the FDA, pharmaceutical industry, academia, and agenda for a workshop in Kampala, Uganda, in August 2009. the NIH that could be used to generate the necessary data and analyses. 

MESSAGE Reflecting Back Lo o k i n g A h e a d FROM THE CHAIR Forum Activities in 2008 Forum Activities for 2009 R ecognizing the need to Grand Challenges in Neuroscience Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in sub-Saharan Africa: A Workshop bring together the diverse The concept of outlining grand challenges for a given field is not new. Their purpose usually is either to Described in the activities for 2008, the Forum, in collaboration with the Uganda National Academy of set of stakeholders involved highlight major opportunities or to help mobilize and unify the field to address particularly complex but Sciences, will host a workshop “Quality of Care Issues for Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in the neurosciences, the timely questions that require the coordinated work of scientists in many subdisciplines. However, major in sub-Saharan Africa” in Kampala, Uganda, in August 2009. The purpose of this workshop is primar- National Academies estab- grand challenges have not been articulated for the neurosciences in many years. In response, the Forum ily to engage policy makers, international stakeholders, local parishioners, and rising leaders in the Panel discussion, Venture Philanthropy Workshop October 2008 lished the Forum on Neuroscience and held a public workshop that featured presentations and discussion on a set of guiding principles, fun- area of brain disorder research, to examine issues related to the burden of brain disease in the region, Nervous System Disorders to engage damental scientific questions, resource requirements, and long- and short-term goals for a grand chal- cost-effectiveness and quality of care in resource poor settings, best practices and care strategies, and leaders from private-sector sponsors of biomedical and clinical research, fed- lenge in neuroscience. The unifying theme for this workshop was the need to expand understanding of how perception, cognition, and action emerge in the human brain from interactions among molecules, identification of challenges and opportunities in sub-Saharan Africa. Working Groups eral agencies sponsoring and regulating Neuroscience and Society Initiative at Society for Neuroscience Meeting 2009 chemicals, neurons, and circuits; the brain’s fundamental building blocks. Top experts from a diverse basic biomedical and clinical research, The Forum will be responsible for organizing the Social Issues Roundtable at the 2009 meeting of the Working groups are established and maintained by interested members and are open to all member- range of fields came together at this workshop to discuss these issues. The summary of the workshop private foundations, the academic com- Society for Neuroscience. The purpose of this session, and initiative, will be to start engaging in a dia- ship. The Forum’s working groups engage in regular discussions, usually via teleconferences, on topics was released in October 2008 and can be found at www.iom.edu/neurograndchallenges. munity, and other consumers. logue about the critical time neuroscience is entering with regard to ethical and social issues that arise of interest to that group. Workshop topics often originate from working groups and are organized by an Alan Leshner Patient Advocacy Organizations and Venture Philanthropy as we begin to further understand what makes us human. Topics will include: independently appointed workshop planning committee. Through its quarterly meetings and public workshops, the Forum has pro- Voluntary health organizations—that is, nonprofit charitable organizations, patient advocacy groups, • An overview of the current and predicted conflict vided a venue where its members, other leaders from the neurosciences, and Grand Challenges in Neuroscience and foundations—have increasingly begun to shift from providing care, educational resources, and between research findings and an individual’s under- members of the public can have candid discussions about issues of mutual This working group is following up on the efforts set out by the workshop on grand challenges in funding research grants to supporting the earliest stages of drug development and engaging in transla- standing of their humanity; interest. We believe these discussions enhance understanding of research neuroscience. The group is also discussing strategies to help guide the initiative, including establishing tional research. These organizations have utilized principles from venture philanthropy, which stems • The implications of the potential conflicts between and clinical issues associated with the nervous system among the scien- common messaging on the grand challenges that could be utilized by stakeholders. from venture capitalism, but is unique improved scientific understanding of the brain and tific community and the general public, and provide a mechanism to foster partnerships among stakeholders. Two particular examples include a Forum in that its mission is aligned with phil- society’s views and values; and Public – Private Partnerships anthropic goals and outcomes, as a • The need to acknowledge potential conflicts and workshop and report on autism and the environment that brought together A working group has been established to identify areas of synergy where public- and private-sector critical way to advance their mission develop a strategy for engaging with the public in advocates, scientists and funders, and a series of meetings on venture philan- stakeholders can partner to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of drug discovery and development of helping patients and working to cure such a way as to minimize conflict and ensure that thropy, a relatively new phenomenon where advocates and patient groups for neurological and mental disorders. disease. Individuals from several vol- society can and will in fact reap the benefits of neu- become both funders and partners in research programs. Forum members Story Landis and Richard Hodes untary health organizations, academia, roscience research. Suicidality in CNS Clinical Trials government, and industry attended a This multi-sector working group has been established to further explore the technical implications of a Suicidality in CNS Clinical Trials Forum-sponsored public workshop to recent announcement from the FDA requiring assessments of suicidality in all CNS clinical trials. The discuss and share their experiences and A public workshop will be held in June 2009 and will involve individuals from the FDA, pharmaceuti- working group consists of stakeholders from various areas of industry, academia, and government. Alan Leshner cal industry, academia, and the NIH to make presentations and stimulate discussions focused on how Chair lessons learned as their organization moved into a translational research pro- best to integrate the current tools for data collection with current methods of data analysis. In addition, gram supported through venture philan- the workshop participants will discuss opportunities for potential partnerships with various stakehold- thropy strategies. The summary of the Workshop participant Judy Woodcock ers. Specifically, participants will be invited to present and discuss information that will: workshop was released in February 2009 and can be found on the Forum’s website. • Identify areas of opportunity to improve or optimize the current methods of data col- Forum members Rae Silver and Richard lection specifically related to C-CASA categories of ideation, preparatory behavior, or Nakamura, Venture Mental Health and Neurological Disorders in sub-Saharan Africa aborted attempt, and examine if they constitute risk factors for suicide incidence in the Philanthropy Work- The Forum, in collaboration with the Uganda National Academy of Sciences, is striving to enhance short term. shop October 2008 understanding of research and clinical issues associated with the nervous system among the scientific • Discuss potential analyses of the data that would better delineate the extent to which community and the general public, and to provide a mechanism to foster partnerships among stake- C-CASA categories of ideation, preparatory behavior, or aborted attempt constitute risk Forum members Huda Akil holders. The Forum and Uganda National Academy of Sciences held two stakeholders meetings—in factors for suicide incidence in the short term. and Thomas Insel Kampala, Uganda, and in Washington, DC, in 2008—in order to receive input to help inform the • Examine potential partnerships between the FDA, pharmaceutical industry, academia, and agenda for a workshop in Kampala, Uganda, in August 2009. the NIH that could be used to generate the necessary data and analyses. 

About the Neuroscience Forum The Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2006 established the Forum on Neuroscience Forum Members and Nervous System Disorders. The Forum is designed to provide its mem- (December 2008) bers with a venue for exchanging information, presenting individual views, and allowing a structured opportunity for dialogue and discussion while scrutinizing critical and possibly contentious scientific and policy issues. Representatives from government, industry, academia, patient advocacy orga- nizations, and other interested parties serve on the Forum. It convenes three Alan Leshner (Chair) American Association for the Advancement Story Landis National Institute of Neurological Disorders 2008 ANNUAL REPORT times a year to confer on subject areas of mutual interest and concern. At its of Science and Stroke meetings, the Forum discusses emerging scientific and policy issues related to Huda Akil Husseini Manji Forum member Timothy Coetzee and Venture Philanthropy Workshop October 2008 speakers basic neuroscience and nervous system disorders, as well as effective clinical University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals Peter Heinecke and Kenneth Schaner. interventions and policy options. The Forum sponsors workshops (symposia) Marc Barlow Michael Oberdorfer as an additional mechanism for informing the membership of the Forum, other GE Healthcare, Inc. National Eye Institute, NIH Neuroscience relevant stakeholders, and the public. Information about past or upcoming meetings is available at the Forum’s website, www.iom.edu/neuroforum. David Bredt Blueprint representative Sponsors Forum Lilly Research Laboratories Kathie Olsen About the Institute of Medicine on Sponsoring members include federal agencies, patient advocacy organizations, industry, and a non- National Science Foundation Daniel Burch profit membership society. The Institute of Medicine serves as adviser to the nation to improve health. CeNeRx Biopharma Atul Pande Established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, Alzheimer’s Association National Institute of Neurological Disorders GlaxoSmithKline Neuroscience the Institute of Medicine provides independent, objective, evidence-based Dennis Choi AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals and Stroke advice to policy makers, health professionals, the private sector, and the Emory University Menelas Pangalos CeNeRx Biopharma National Institute on Aging public. The mission of the IOM embraces the health of people everywhere. Wyeth Research Timothy Coetzee Eli Lilly and Company National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and FastForward of the National Multiple Steven Paul GE Healthcare Alcoholism Sclerosis Society Eli Lilly and Company GlaxoSmithKline National Institute on Drug Abuse Forum Staff David Cohen William Potter Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals Merck Research Laboratories National Institutes of Health Neuroscience Blueprint and Columbia University, Society for Merck Research Laboratories Bruce Altevogt, Ph.D. The Michael J. Fox Foundation for National Multiple Sclerosis Society Neuroscience representative Nervous System Project Director Paul Sieving Parkinson’s Research National Science Foundation Sarah Hanson Richard Frank National Eye Institute National Eye Institute Society for Neuroscience Associate Program Officer GE Healthcare, Inc. National Institute of Mental Health Wyeth Research Rae Silver Lora Taylor Richard Hodes Columbia University Senior Project Assistant Board on Health Sciences Policy National Institute on Aging Katie Hood William Thies Alzheimer’s Association Neuroscience Forum Funding: 2008 Disorders Andrew Pope, Ph.D. The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Industry Nonprofit Federal Nora Volkow Director Parkinson’s Research National Institute on Drug Abuse Steven Hyman Kenneth Warren Harvard University National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Judy Illes Alcoholism 45% University of British Columbia 47% Frank Yocca Thomas Insel AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals Board on National Institute of Mental Health Christian Zimmerman Health Neuroscience Associates Sciences For additional information on the Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Policy Disorders visit the Forum’s website at www.iom.edu/neuroforum, 8% or call Bruce Altevogt at (202) 334-3984. 

About the Neuroscience Forum The Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2006 established the Forum on Neuroscience Forum Members and Nervous System Disorders. The Forum is designed to provide its mem- (December 2008) bers with a venue for exchanging information, presenting individual views, and allowing a structured opportunity for dialogue and discussion while scrutinizing critical and possibly contentious scientific and policy issues. Representatives from government, industry, academia, patient advocacy orga- nizations, and other interested parties serve on the Forum. It convenes three Alan Leshner (Chair) American Association for the Advancement Story Landis National Institute of Neurological Disorders 2008 ANNUAL REPORT times a year to confer on subject areas of mutual interest and concern. At its of Science and Stroke meetings, the Forum discusses emerging scientific and policy issues related to Huda Akil Husseini Manji Forum member Timothy Coetzee and Venture Philanthropy Workshop October 2008 speakers basic neuroscience and nervous system disorders, as well as effective clinical University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals Peter Heinecke and Kenneth Schaner. interventions and policy options. The Forum sponsors workshops (symposia) Marc Barlow Michael Oberdorfer as an additional mechanism for informing the membership of the Forum, other GE Healthcare, Inc. National Eye Institute, NIH Neuroscience relevant stakeholders, and the public. Information about past or upcoming meetings is available at the Forum’s website, www.iom.edu/neuroforum. David Bredt Blueprint representative Sponsors Forum Lilly Research Laboratories Kathie Olsen About the Institute of Medicine on Sponsoring members include federal agencies, patient advocacy organizations, industry, and a non- National Science Foundation Daniel Burch profit membership society. The Institute of Medicine serves as adviser to the nation to improve health. CeNeRx Biopharma Atul Pande Established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, Alzheimer’s Association National Institute of Neurological Disorders GlaxoSmithKline Neuroscience the Institute of Medicine provides independent, objective, evidence-based Dennis Choi AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals and Stroke advice to policy makers, health professionals, the private sector, and the Emory University Menelas Pangalos CeNeRx Biopharma National Institute on Aging public. The mission of the IOM embraces the health of people everywhere. Wyeth Research Timothy Coetzee Eli Lilly and Company National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and FastForward of the National Multiple Steven Paul GE Healthcare Alcoholism Sclerosis Society Eli Lilly and Company GlaxoSmithKline National Institute on Drug Abuse Forum Staff David Cohen William Potter Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals Merck Research Laboratories National Institutes of Health Neuroscience Blueprint and Columbia University, Society for Merck Research Laboratories Bruce Altevogt, Ph.D. The Michael J. Fox Foundation for National Multiple Sclerosis Society Neuroscience representative Nervous System Project Director Paul Sieving Parkinson’s Research National Science Foundation Sarah Hanson Richard Frank National Eye Institute National Eye Institute Society for Neuroscience Associate Program Officer GE Healthcare, Inc. National Institute of Mental Health Wyeth Research Rae Silver Lora Taylor Richard Hodes Columbia University Senior Project Assistant Board on Health Sciences Policy National Institute on Aging Katie Hood William Thies Alzheimer’s Association Neuroscience Forum Funding: 2008 Disorders Andrew Pope, Ph.D. The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Industry Nonprofit Federal Nora Volkow Director Parkinson’s Research National Institute on Drug Abuse Steven Hyman Kenneth Warren Harvard University National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Judy Illes Alcoholism 45% University of British Columbia 47% Frank Yocca Thomas Insel AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals Board on National Institute of Mental Health Christian Zimmerman Health Neuroscience Associates Sciences For additional information on the Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Policy Disorders visit the Forum’s website at www.iom.edu/neuroforum, 8% or call Bruce Altevogt at (202) 334-3984. 

About the Neuroscience Forum The Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2006 established the Forum on Neuroscience Forum Members and Nervous System Disorders. The Forum is designed to provide its mem- (December 2008) bers with a venue for exchanging information, presenting individual views, and allowing a structured opportunity for dialogue and discussion while scrutinizing critical and possibly contentious scientific and policy issues. Representatives from government, industry, academia, patient advocacy orga- nizations, and other interested parties serve on the Forum. It convenes three Alan Leshner (Chair) American Association for the Advancement Story Landis National Institute of Neurological Disorders 2008 ANNUAL REPORT times a year to confer on subject areas of mutual interest and concern. At its of Science and Stroke meetings, the Forum discusses emerging scientific and policy issues related to Huda Akil Husseini Manji Forum member Timothy Coetzee and Venture Philanthropy Workshop October 2008 speakers basic neuroscience and nervous system disorders, as well as effective clinical University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals Peter Heinecke and Kenneth Schaner. interventions and policy options. The Forum sponsors workshops (symposia) Marc Barlow Michael Oberdorfer as an additional mechanism for informing the membership of the Forum, other GE Healthcare, Inc. National Eye Institute, NIH Neuroscience relevant stakeholders, and the public. Information about past or upcoming meetings is available at the Forum’s website, www.iom.edu/neuroforum. David Bredt Blueprint representative Sponsors Forum Lilly Research Laboratories Kathie Olsen About the Institute of Medicine on Sponsoring members include federal agencies, patient advocacy organizations, industry, and a non- National Science Foundation Daniel Burch profit membership society. The Institute of Medicine serves as adviser to the nation to improve health. CeNeRx Biopharma Atul Pande Established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, Alzheimer’s Association National Institute of Neurological Disorders GlaxoSmithKline Neuroscience the Institute of Medicine provides independent, objective, evidence-based Dennis Choi AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals and Stroke advice to policy makers, health professionals, the private sector, and the Emory University Menelas Pangalos CeNeRx Biopharma National Institute on Aging public. The mission of the IOM embraces the health of people everywhere. Wyeth Research Timothy Coetzee Eli Lilly and Company National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and FastForward of the National Multiple Steven Paul GE Healthcare Alcoholism Sclerosis Society Eli Lilly and Company GlaxoSmithKline National Institute on Drug Abuse Forum Staff David Cohen William Potter Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals Merck Research Laboratories National Institutes of Health Neuroscience Blueprint and Columbia University, Society for Merck Research Laboratories Bruce Altevogt, Ph.D. The Michael J. Fox Foundation for National Multiple Sclerosis Society Neuroscience representative Nervous System Project Director Paul Sieving Parkinson’s Research National Science Foundation Sarah Hanson Richard Frank National Eye Institute National Eye Institute Society for Neuroscience Associate Program Officer GE Healthcare, Inc. National Institute of Mental Health Wyeth Research Rae Silver Lora Taylor Richard Hodes Columbia University Senior Project Assistant Board on Health Sciences Policy National Institute on Aging Katie Hood William Thies Alzheimer’s Association Neuroscience Forum Funding: 2008 Disorders Andrew Pope, Ph.D. The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Industry Nonprofit Federal Nora Volkow Director Parkinson’s Research National Institute on Drug Abuse Steven Hyman Kenneth Warren Harvard University National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Judy Illes Alcoholism 45% University of British Columbia 47% Frank Yocca Thomas Insel AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals Board on National Institute of Mental Health Christian Zimmerman Health Neuroscience Associates Sciences For additional information on the Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Policy Disorders visit the Forum’s website at www.iom.edu/neuroforum, 8% or call Bruce Altevogt at (202) 334-3984.