The Forum on Microbial Threats: An Overview (2019)

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HEALTH AND MEDICINE DIVISION BOARD ON GLOBAL HEALTH THE FORUM ON MICROBIAL THREATS ---- An Overview ---- ABOUT THE FORUM The Forum on Microbial Threats of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (National Academies) was created in 1996 at the request of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health to provide a structured opportunity for discussion and scrutiny of critical, and possibly contentious, scientific and policy issues related to research on and the prevention, detection, surveillance, and responses to emerging and reemerging infectious diseases in humans, plants and animals as well as the microbiome in health and disease. The Forum brings together leaders from government agencies, industry, academia, and nonprofit and philanthropic organizations to facilitate cross-sector dialogue and collaboration through public debate and private consultation to stimulate original thinking about the most pressing issues across the spectrum of microbial threats. Despite decades of progress, the need for the Forum on Microbial Threats remains. Problems such as MERS, Ebola, Chikungunya, Zika, yellow fever, and antibiotic resistance demonstrate how the issue of emerging infections is global and unrelenting. The drivers are ever more pervasive, and the consequences—human, social, and economic—loom larger than ever. The Forum convenes several times each year to identify and discuss key problems and strategies in the area of microbial threats. To supplement the perspectives and expertise of its members, the Forum also holds public workshops to engage a wide range of experts, members of the public, and the policy community. All workshops are summarized in high quality scholarly workshop proceedings that are available for free download from the National Academies Press. The Forum on Microbial Threats is part of the National Academies’ Board on Global Health. For more information about the Forum, please visit our website: www.nationalacademies.org/microbialthreats. 1 

SPONSORS Financial support for the Forum is derived from the following government agencies, industries, and nonprofit and philanthropic associations: • Biomedical Advanced Research and Development • American Society of Tropical Medicine and Authority Hygiene • U.S. Agency for International Development • EcoHealth Alliance • U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention • Infectious Diseases Society of America • U.S. Department of Homeland Security • Johnson & Johnson • U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs • Merck & Co., Inc. • U.S. Food and Drug Administration • Sanofi Pasteur • U.S. National Institutes of Health • Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences The Forum greatly appreciates our sponsors that make intellectual and financial contributions to the Forum’s work. HIGHLIGHTS OF RECENT WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS • The Convergence of Infectious Diseases and Noncommunicable Diseases: Proceedings of a Workshop (2019) • Exploring Lessons Learned from a Century of Outbreaks: Readiness for 2030: Proceedings of a Workshop (2019) • Understanding the Economics of Microbial Threats: Proceedings of a Workshop (2018) • Urbanization and Slums: Infectious Diseases in the Built Environment: Proceedings of a Workshop (2018) • Combating Antimicrobial Resistance: A One Health Approach to a Global Threat: Proceedings of a Workshop (2017) • Building Communication Capacity to Counter Infectious Disease Threats: Proceedings of a Workshop (2017) • Big Data and Analytics for Infectious Disease Research, Operations, and Policy: Proceedings of a Workshop (2016) • The Ebola Epidemic in West Africa: Proceedings of a Workshop (2016) • Global Health Impacts of Vector-Borne Diseases: Workshop Summary (2016) • Global Health Risk Framework: Governance for Global Health: Workshop Summary (2016) • Emerging Viral Diseases: The One Health Connection: Workshop Summary (2015) • The Influence of Global Environmental Change on Infectious Disease Dynamics: Workshop Summary (2014) FORUM’S ACTION COLLABORATIVE – ONE HEALTH The Forum’s One Health Action Collaborative (OHAC), led by Forum member Jonna Mazet, is an ad hoc activity that engages a community of participants who are interested in contributing to ongoing exploration and information sharing related to One Health topics. OHAC is committed to accelerating the implementation of a One Health approach in the field to counter microbial threats. Members include a subset of Forum members and a diverse range of external stakeholders from multiple sectors and disciplines such as public health, animal health, plant pathology, agriculture, environment, biotechnology, and others. Drawing from the dynamic discussions over 2 

regular conference calls, OHAC advises on One Health efforts that are internal and external to the National Academies, through the publication of papers and the hosting of seminars. For more info, click here. FORUM MEMBERSHIP Membership in the Forum includes a diverse range of stakeholders from multiple sectors. Peter Daszak, Ph.D. (Chair) Michael Mair, M.P.H. EcoHealth Alliance U.S. Food and Drug Administration Kent E. Kester, M.D. (Vice Chair) Jonna A. K. Mazet, D.V.M., M.P.V.M., Ph.D. Sanofi Pasteur University of California, Davis Rima F. Khabbaz, M.D. (Vice Chair) Sally A. Miller, Ph.D. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The Ohio State University Kevin Anderson, Ph.D. Suerie Moon, Ph.D., M.P.A. U.S. Department of Homeland Security The Graduate Institute, Geneva Timothy Burgess, M.D., M.P.H. David Nabarro, B.M.B.Ch., MFPHM, FRCP Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences 4SD – Skills, Systems & Synergies for Rick Bright, Ph.D. Sustainable Development Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Rafael Obregon, Ph.D., M.A. Authority United Nations Children’s Fund Cristina Cassetti, Ph.D. Kumanan Rasanathan, M.B.Ch.B., M.P.H National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Health Systems Global Diseases Gary A. Roselle, M.D. Andrew Clements, Ph.D. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs U.S. Agency for International Development Peter A. Sands, M.P.A. Marcos A. Espinal, M.D., Dr.P.H., M.P.H. The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis & Pan American Health Organization Malaria Eva Harris, Ph.D. Thomas W. Scott, Ph.D. University of California, Berkeley University of California, Davis Elizabeth D. Hermsen, Pharm.D., M.B.A. Alan Tennenberg, M.D., M.P.H. Merck & Co., Inc. Johnson & Johnson Chandy C. John, M.D., M.S. Matthew Zahn, M.D. American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Orange County Health Care Agency FORUM STAFF Julie Pavlin, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H. Edith Amponsah, M.P.H. Director, Board on Global Health Associate Program Officer Director, Forum on Microbial Threats 202-334-3222 202-334-2171 EAmponsah@nas.edu JPavlin@nas.edu Hannah Goodtree Gillian Buckley, Ph.D., M.P.H. Senior Program Assistant Senior Program Officer 202-334-1471 202-334-2540 HGoodtree@nas.edu GBuckley@nas.edu 3