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Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation (2022)

Chapter: Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
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Appendix C

Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff

NANCY BATES (Co-Chair) is working as a consultant with Stanford University on a project, supported by the National Institutes of Health, to measure sexual orientation and gender identity. Previously, she served as the senior methodologist for survey research at the U.S. Census Bureau. In that position, she oversaw and contributed to the research that formulated inclusive relationship questions that improved measurement of same sex couples in the 2020 decennial census. She also previously served as co-chair of the research group on sexual orientation and gender identity for the Office of Management and Budget and the Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology. She recently co-edited a Journal of Official Statistics special issue on measuring LGBT populations. She is an elected fellow of the American Statistical Association. She has an M.A. in applied sociology from the University of Oklahoma.

MARSHALL CHIN (Co-Chair) is the Richard Parrillo Family professor of healthcare ethics in the Department of Medicine at the University of Chicago and a practicing general internist and health services researcher. His work focuses on reducing health disparities through interventions at individual, organizational, community, and policy levels and on elucidating practical approaches to improving care of diverse individual patients and addressing systemic, structural drivers of disparities in the health care system. He and his team created the widely cited The Roadmap to Reduce Disparities. He is the principal investigator of the Your Voice! Your Health! Project, funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, that improves shared

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×

decision making among clinicians and LGBTQ people of color. He is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine. He has a bachelor’s degree and an M.P.H. from Harvard and an M.D. from the University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine. He completed residency and fellowship training in general internal medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital.

KELLAN E. BAKER is the Executive Director and Chief Learning Officer at the Whitman-Walker Institute. Previously, he was the centennial scholar and a Robert Wood Johnson health policy research scholar in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. His research focuses on economics, policy, and methodology issues in transgender health. Previously, he was a senior fellow at the Center for American Progress in Washington, D.C., where was a founding steering committee member of Out2Enroll, a nationwide campaign in partnership with the White House and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to connect low-income LGBT populations with coverage under the Affordable Care Act. He is the board chair of the Equality Federation and also serves on numerous scientific and community engagement bodies. He has a B.A. with high honors in astrophysics and Russian from Swarthmore College, an M.P.H. from the George Washington University, an M.A. in international development from the Elliott School of International Affairs at the George Washington University, and a Ph.D. in health policy and management with a focus on health services research and health economics from the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health.

JOSÉ A. BAUERMEISTER is the Albert M. Greenfield professor of human relations at the University of Pennsylvania, chair of the Department of Family and Community Health at the Penn School of Nursing, director of the Penn Program on Sexuality, Technology & Action Research, and professor of psychiatry at the Perelman School of Medicine. He chairs the National Institutes of Health (NIH) study section on population and public health approaches to HIV/AIDS and is a standing member of the NIH’s Council of Councils’ Sexual and Gender Minority Research Working Group. He served as associate editor of the American Psychological Association’s inaugural book on human sexuality and of the SAGE Publication Handbook of LGBT Lives in Context, and he serves on the editorial board of the Archives of Sexual Behavior and the Annals of LGBTQ Population Health. He is an Aspen Institute health innovators fellow and a member of the Aspen Global Leadership Network. He has a bachelor’s degree in psychology from the University of Puerto Rico and a master’s and a doctorate in public health from the University of Michigan.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×

TARA BECKER (Study Director) is a Program Officer for the Committees on National Statistics and Population in the Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education at the National Academy of Sciences. In addition to this study, she serves as the Study Director for a study examining the older workforce and employment at older ages. She has served as a Program Officer for a study examining the well-being of LGBTQI+ individuals and another examining high and rising working age mortality rates in the United States. Before joining the National Academies, she was a Senior Public Administration Analyst and Senior Statistician for the California Health Interview Survey at the Center for Health Policy Research at the University of California, Los Angeles, where she conducted research on disparities in health insurance coverage and access to health care, as well as on survey data quality and methodology. Prior to this, she was a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the University of California, Los Angeles and a Biostatistician at the University of Wisconsin, Madison Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics. She has a B.A. in sociology and mathematics, an M.S. in sociology, an M.S. in statistics, and a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Wisconsin, Madison.

D’LANE COMPTON is a professor of sociology in the College of Liberal Arts, Education and Human Development at the University of New Orleans. Their two major research interests are social psychology and the demography of sexual orientation, using both perspectives to examine sexual, gender, and family inequalities. Specifically, their research adds to our knowledge about how categorization or labeling processes yield different outcomes in treatment and resources. This work has culminated in a number of peer-reviewed articles, book chapters, education essays, and two co-authored books, Same-Sex Partners: The Social Demography of Sexual Orientation with Amanda K. Baumle and Dudley L. Poston and Legalizing LGBT Families: How the Law Shapes Parenthood with Amanda K. Baumle. They are interested in research design and methodological issues related to substantive concerns, in particular how methods of measurements can affect inferences about and the study of underrepresented or “hidden” populations. They received a B.S. from Texas A&M, an M.A. from the University of Missouri-St. Louis, and a Ph.D. from Texas A&M, all in sociology.

KATHERINE DALKE has appointments in the Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health and the Department of Humanities at the Penn State College of Medicine. She also serves as the director of the Office for Culturally Responsive Health Care Education, which is responsible for innovating and integrating cultural competency and humility training across the College of Medicine’s educational programs. In this role, she focuses

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×

on how formal health sciences curricula can promote culturally responsive learning environments and clinical care. Her clinical and scholarly work focuses primarily on the mental health of people who are LGBTQI or who have a difference in sex development (DSD). She currently serves on Sexual and Minority Research Working Group of the National Institutes of Health and the Intersex Working Group for revisions to the standard of care of the World Professional Association for Transgender Health. She has an M.A. in bioethics and an M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania, and she completed psychiatry residency training at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania.

ALIYA SAPERSTEIN is the Benjamin Scott Crocker professor in human biology and a professor of sociology at Stanford University. Her research focuses on the conceptualization and measurement of race and ethnicity and sex and gender in surveys and the implications of these methodological decisions for studies of stratification and health disparities. Her co-authored article, “New Categories Are Not Enough: Rethinking the Measurement of Sex and Gender in Social Surveys,” and subsequent work on alternative survey measures of sex and gender informed the addition of new self-identification items in the 2018 General Social Survey. She is a recipient of the early achievement award by the Population Association of America. Her research has been supported by the American Sociological Association Fund for the Advancement of the Discipline, the Clayman Institute for Gender Research, and the Russell Sage Foundation. She has a Ph.D. in sociology and demography from the University of California-Berkeley.

KARINA WALTERS is a Katherine Hall Chambers university professor in the School of Social Work, an adjunct professor in the Department of Global Health in the School of Public Health, and the founding director of the Indigenous Wellness Research Institute, all at the University of Washington. She is an enrolled citizen of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma. Her work in social epidemiological research focuses on the environmental, historical, social, and cultural determinants of health of American Indian and Alaska Native population and health equity, as well as on Indigenous methodologies and in designing culturally derived chronic disease prevention research. She developed the indigenist stress-coping model that has been cited in over 450 studies. Methodologically, she has expertise in decolonizing methodologies, particularly with respect to developing culturally grounded measures and designing community-based, culturally derived interventions. She is only one of two American Indians (and the only Native woman) ever invited to deliver the director’s lecture to the Wednesday Afternoon Lecture Series at the National Institutes of Health and is the first

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×

American Indian inducted as a fellow into the American Academy of Social Welfare and Social Work. She has a B.A. in sociology, an M.S.W., and a Ph.D. in social welfare, all from the University of California, Los Angeles.

BIANCA D. M. WILSON is the Rabbi Zacky senior scholar of public policy at the Williams Institute at the University of California, Los Angeles. Her research focuses primarily on system-involved LGBTQ youth, LGBT poverty, and sexual health among queer women. She has completed studies and reports on the measurement of sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression among youth and adults. In addition to multiple peer-reviewed and institution-published reports, she co-edited a special issue of the Journal of Lesbian Studies that featured a multidisciplinary collection of work on health and other topics from the perspectives of Black lesbians in the United States, the Caribbean, and South Africa. She has a doctorate in psychology from the Community and Prevention Research Program at the University of Illinois at Chicago, with a minor in statistics, methods, and measurement. She completed postdoctoral training at the Institute for Health Policy Studies and the Lesbian Health and Research Center at the University of California, San Francisco.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26424.
×
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Sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation are key indicators of the demographic diversity in the United States. Sex and gender are often conflated under the assumptions that they are mutually determined and do not differ from each other; however, the growing visibility of transgender and intersex populations, as well as efforts to improve the measurement of sex and gender across many scientific fields, has demonstrated the need to reconsider how sex, gender, and the relationship between them are conceptualized. This is turn affects sexual orientation, because it is defined on the basis of the relationship between a person's own sex or gender and that of their actual or preferred partners. Sex, gender, and sexual orientation are core aspects of identity that shape opportunities, experiences with discrimination, and outcomes through the life course; therefore, it is crucial that measures of these concepts accurately capture their complexity.

Recognition of the diversity within the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and other sexual and gender minorities - the LGBTQI+ population - has also led to a reexamination of how the concepts of sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation are measured. Better measurement will improve the ability to identify sexual and gender minority populations and understand the challenges they face. LGBTQI+ people continue to experience disparate and inequitable treatment, including harassment, discrimination, and violence, which in turn affects outcomes in many areas of everyday life, including health and access to health care services, economic and educational attainment, and family and social support. Though knowledge of these disparities has increased significantly over the past decade, glaring gaps remain, often driven by a lack of reliable data.

Measuring Sex, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation recommends that the National Institutes of Health (NIH) adopt new practices for collecting data on sex, gender, and sexual orientation - including collecting gender data by default, and not conflating gender with sex as a biological variable. The report recommends standardized language to be used in survey questions that ask about a respondent's sex, gender identity, and sexual orientation. Better measurements will improve data quality, as well as the NIH's ability to identify LGBTQI+ populations and understand the challenges they face.

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