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A-1Â Â Countermeasure Summary Matrix A P P E N D I X A
Category Countermeasure Rail System Type Problem Location Costs Type of Trespassing Addressed Target Root Cause Companion Countermeasure Ease of Implementation Benefit-Cost Tradeoffs Engineering and Physical Measures Fencing, Channelization, and Barriers Light (L), Heavy (H), Commuter (C) ⢠Rights-of-way (ROWs) ⢠Equipment and maintenance yards ⢠Stations and platforms $â$$$ Trespassing (T), Suicide (S) ⢠Living/Loitering in ROW ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Shortcut/ Route Convenience ⢠Criminal Behavior ⢠Other ⢠Landscaping ⢠Anti-trespass Guard Panels ⢠Surveillance and Detection ⢠Approaching Train Alerts ⢠Signage ⢠Community-Based Collaboration ⢠Law Enforcement and Patrol Tier 3 ⢠May not have issues with cutting or scaling if made with the heavy metal of smaller mesh size. ⢠Can be installed at most of the ROWs, but some areas are not designed for fencing. ⢠Regular inspection and maintenance are needed, especially for regular fencing systems. Engineering and Physical Measures Landscaping L, H, C ⢠ROWs ⢠Stations and platforms $ T ⢠Shortcut/ Route Convenience ⢠Other ⢠Fencing, Channelization, and Barriers Tier 3 ⢠Visibility can be improved with vegetation management and removal. ⢠However, removing vegetation could increase the need to install fencing or other barriers. Engineering and Physical Measures Anti-trespass Guard Panels L, H, C ⢠ROWs ⢠Equipment and maintenance yards ⢠Stations and platforms $ T ⢠Living/Loitering in ROW ⢠Shortcut/ Route Convenience ⢠Criminal Behavior ⢠Other ⢠Fencing, Channelization, and Barriers ⢠Surveillance and Detection ⢠Lighting ⢠Signage Tier 3 ⢠Provides a ground-level physical barrier that can deter trespassing. ⢠Panels could prevent railroad employees from accessing the ROWs or trap trespassers on the ROW. Engineering and Physical Measures Platform Screen Doors (PSDs) H ⢠Stations and platforms $$$ T, S ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Lost/Dropped Items ⢠Other ⢠Surveillance and Detection ⢠Approaching Train Alerts Tier 4 ⢠The possibility of reconstructing station platforms to accommodate the increased weight of PSDs greatly increases the costs associated with the implementation. Engineering and Physical Measures Surveillance and Detection L, H, C ⢠ROWs ⢠Equipment and maintenance yards ⢠Stations and platforms $$- $$$ T, S ⢠Living/Loitering in ROW ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Shortcut/Route Convenience ⢠Fencing, Channelization, and Barriers ⢠Anti-trespass Guard Panels Tier 4 ⢠Advanced AI algorithms could help detect pre-suicidal behavior, understand human factors, and prioritize risk mitigation strategies. ⢠Camera detection systems with an automatic sound warning could
Category Countermeasure Rail System Type Problem Location Costs Target Root Cause Companion Countermeasure Ease of Implementation Benefit-Cost Tradeoffs ⢠Criminal Behavior ⢠Lost/Dropped Items ⢠Other ⢠Platform Screen Doors ⢠Lighting ⢠Employee Intervention Training ⢠Hope Poles ⢠Law Enforcement and Patrol be efficient and cost-effective at locations where fencing or other barriers are not viable options. Engineering and Physical Measures Lighting L, H, C ⢠ROWs ⢠Equipment and maintenance yards ⢠Stations and platforms $ T, S ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Shortcut/Route Convenience ⢠Criminal Behavior ⢠Other ⢠Anti-trespass Guard Panels ⢠Surveillance and Detection ⢠Hope Poles Tier 3 ⢠Provides a personal feeling of security and suggests that the area is under surveillance by the railroad agency. Engineering and Physical Measures Approaching Train Alerts L, H, C ⢠ROWs ⢠Stations and platforms $$ T ⢠Living/Loitering in ROW ⢠Shortcut/Route Convenience ⢠Criminal Behavior ⢠Lost/Dropped Items ⢠Other ⢠Fencing, Channelization, and Barriers ⢠PSDs Tier 4 ⢠Increases safety by providing audible and/or visual alerts of approaching trains.. ⢠Costs vary greatly depending on the type of detection, infrastructure alterations, and maintenance costs.. Engineering and Physical Measures Track Retrieval Device H, C ⢠Stations and platforms $ T ⢠Lost/Dropped Items ⢠Signage ⢠Community-Based Collaboration ⢠Public and Industry Events and Campaigns Tier 1 ⢠Can reduce railroad service ⢠Increases the safety of employees delays by reducing the need to power down third-rail track segments. who would otherwise be required to access the ROW. Education and Engagement Signage L, H, C ⢠ROWs ⢠Equipment and maintenance yards ⢠Stations and platforms ⢠Non-specific $ T, S ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Shortcut/Route Convenience ⢠Criminal Behavior ⢠Lost/Dropped Items ⢠Other ⢠Fencing, Channelization, and Barriers ⢠Anti-trespass Guard Panels ⢠Track Retrieval Device ⢠Community-Based Collaboration ⢠Public and Industry Events and Campaigns ⢠Hope Poles Tier 1 ⢠May not be effective if ignored and at night if not enforced by proper authorities. ⢠Relatively low cost and can be implemented in a short period of time. Type of Trespassing Addressed
Category Countermeasure Rail System Type Problem Location Costs Type of Trespassing Addressed Target Root Cause Companion Countermeasure Ease of Implementation Benefit-Cost Tradeoffs ⢠Law Enforcement and Patrol Education and Engagement Community-Based Collaboration L, H, C ⢠Non-specific $ T, S ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Shortcut/Route Convenience ⢠Other ⢠Fencing, Channelization, and Barriers ⢠Track Retrieval Device ⢠Signage ⢠Public and Industry Events and Campaigns ⢠Law Enforcement and Patrol Tier 2 ⢠Community-based collaborations exis allow for agencies to leverage their ting sources as well as expand the reach. Education and Engagement Public and Industry Events and Campaigns L, H, C ⢠Non-specific $ T, S ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Shortcut/Route Convenience ⢠Lost/Dropped Items ⢠Other ⢠Track Retrieval Device ⢠Signage ⢠Community-Based Collaboration ⢠Law Enforcement and Patrol Tier 2 ⢠Provides the opportunity for the public to engage with transit agencies and become aware of important safety information by reaching out to the public with general messaging. ⢠Costs vary depending on if materials are developed internally or outsourced. Education and Engagement Employee Intervention Training L, H, C ⢠Non-specific $ T, S ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Shortcut/Route Convenience ⢠Other ⢠Surveillance and Detection Tier 2 ⢠Transport for London reported rewarding staff for reporting incidents, and their training was responsible for reducing suicides after 90% of the staff were trained. Education and Engagement Hope Poles L, C ⢠ROWs $ S ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Surveillance and Detection ⢠Lighting ⢠Signage Tier 1 ⢠Offers a means to provide critical crisis information at a common access point to rail ROWs. ⢠Requires a partnership with an entity that offers suicide hotline service. Enforcement Law Enforcement and Patrol L, H, C ⢠Non-specific $ T, S ⢠Living/Loitering in ROW ⢠Self-Harm Intent ⢠Shortcut/Route Convenience ⢠Criminal Behavior ⢠Other ⢠Fencing, Channelization, and Barriers ⢠Surveillance and Detection ⢠Signage ⢠Community-Based Collaboration ⢠Public and Industry Events and Campaigns Tier 2 ⢠Anecdotal evidence from the case studies shows that all agencies believed enforcement was an important mitigation strategy when responding to trespassing concerns.
