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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Triangulation in Environmental Epidemiology for EPA Human Health Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26538.
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Appendix A

Workshop Agenda

MONDAY, MAY 9, 2022 (all times listed in ET)

Overview
  • Triangulation refers to the practice of integrating results to inform and strengthen causal inferences. It provides a framework for considering and utilizing as much information as possible to address a research question. Its objective is to integrate results from different approaches, recognizing that each approach may have different, unrelated sources of potential bias.
  • At the request of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine is convening a 2-day virtual workshop to address these key questions:
    • What is triangulation and how has it been used to synthesize results within and across epidemiologic studies?
    • What challenges have been experienced in applying epidemiology in chemical hazard identification and other assessments of environmental stressors?
    • What advancements are emerging or are envisioned to improve causal inference methodologies?
    • What are the opportunities and best practices for implementation?
11:00–11:30 Welcome and Introductions
Kaley Beins
, National Academies Responsible Staff Officer
Elaine Faustman, Planning Committee Chair
Kristina Thayer, EPA (Sponsor)
11:30–1:20 Session I. Triangulation: Background, Methodologies, and Applications Deborah Lawlor, University of Bristol

Triangulating epidemiological evidence: From focused qualitative comparison to systematic qualitative integration

Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen, Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania

Toward causal triangulation via multiply robust identification

Neil Pearce, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine

Evidence synthesis, triangulation, and algorithms

Panel Discussion

Committee Moderator: Aisha Dickerson
Panelists:

Session I Presenters
Kyle Steenland, Emory University

Public Q&A
BREAK
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Triangulation in Environmental Epidemiology for EPA Human Health Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26538.
×
1:35–3:40 Session II. Health Authority Perspectives on Synthesis of Epidemiologic Evidence
Rebecca Nachman
, EPA

Surveying the epidemiology evidence: Examples of triangulation from the Integrated Risk Information System Program

Mary Schubauer-Berigan, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs Programme

Triangulation within and across evidence streams in the IARC Monographs program of cancer hazard identification

Jonathan Samet, Colorado School of Public Health

Anything new?: Evidence integration is triangulation

Ruth Lunn, National Toxicology Program

Cancer hazard evaluations: Report on carcinogen’s perspectives

Joseph Haney, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality

Triangulation in hexavalent chromium carginogenicity assessments

Panel Discussion

Committee Moderator: Laura Beane Freeman Panelists:

Session II Presenters

Public Q&A
BREAK
4:15–5:30 Session III. Poster Presentations and Virtual Networking
The poster session and virtual networking will be held via the ePosterboards platform. This session is separate from the Zoom webinar used for the other sessions. To make an account and access the poster presentations and virtual networking, please visit https://events.eposterboards.com/e/nasem-triangulation/register.
END OF DAY 1
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Triangulation in Environmental Epidemiology for EPA Human Health Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26538.
×

WEDNESDAY, MAY 11, 2022 (all times listed in ET)

11:00–11:05 Welcome
Elaine Faustman
, Planning Committee Chair
11:05–2:05 Session IV. Case Studies of Triangulation Across Epidemiology Studies for Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
Hanna Boogaard
, Health Effects Institute

Evidence synthesis of observational studies in environmental health: Lessons learned from a systematic review on traffic-related air pollution

Roel Vermeulen, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University

Human health assessment: The need for a pluralistic approach

Amy Berrington de Gonzalez, National Cancer Institute

Triangulation for hazard identification: An example from low-dose radiation epidemiology

David Savitz, Brown University School of Public Health

Triangulation across distinctive subsets of epidemiologic studies on PFAS

John Jackson, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health

On the need for triangulation of evidence when building interventions for health equity

Panel Discussion

Committee Moderator: David Richardson
Panelists:

Session IV Presenters

Public Q&A
BREAK
2:30–3:30 Session V. Poster Presentations and Virtual Networking
The poster session and virtual networking will be held via the ePosterboards platform. This session is separate from the Zoom webinar used for the other sessions. To make an account and access the poster presentations and virtual networking, please visit https://events.eposterboards.com/e/nasem-triangulation/register.
3:30–4:45 Session VI. Next Steps and Opportunities for Applying Triangulation Martyn Smith, University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health

The key characteristics approach in epidemiology, toxicology, and hazard identification

Tracey Woodruff, University of California, San Francisco

Lessons learned from over a decade of systematic review implementation to improve evidence integration

Lisa Bero, Colorado School of Public Health

Triangulation: Nothing new about using the best evidence to answer a question

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Triangulation in Environmental Epidemiology for EPA Human Health Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26538.
×
Panel Discussion

Committee Moderator: Nicholas Chartres
Panelists:

Session VI Presenters
Ellen Chang, Exponent, Inc.
Lianne Sheppard, University of Washington
Kyla Taylor, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

BREAK
5:00–6:00 Session VII. Workshop Summary
Session Summaries
  • Triangulation: Background, Methodologies, and Applications
    • Aisha Dickerson
  • Health Authority Perspectives on Synthesis of Epidemiologic Evidence
    • Laura Beane Freeman
  • Case Studies of Triangulation Across Epidemiologic Studies for Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment
    • David Richardson
  • Next Steps and Opportunities for Applying Triangulation
    • Nicholas Chartres
Panel Discussion

Committee Moderator: Elaine Faustman
Panelists:

Planning Committee Members

Workshop Conclusion
Elaine Faustman
, Planning Committee Chair
MEETING ADJOURNS
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Triangulation in Environmental Epidemiology for EPA Human Health Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26538.
×
Page 41
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Triangulation in Environmental Epidemiology for EPA Human Health Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26538.
×
Page 42
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Triangulation in Environmental Epidemiology for EPA Human Health Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26538.
×
Page 43
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Workshop Agenda." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Triangulation in Environmental Epidemiology for EPA Human Health Assessments: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26538.
×
Page 44
Next: Appendix B: Speaker and Poster Presenter Biographies »
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Human health risk assessments provide the basis for public health decision-making and chemical regulation in the United States. Three evidence streams generally support the development of human health risk assessments - epidemiology, toxicology, and mechanistic information. Epidemiologic studies are generally the preferred evidence stream for assessing causal relationships during hazard identification. However, the available studies may be limited in scope, subject to bias, or otherwise inadequate to inform causal inferences. In addition, there are challenges in assessing coherence, validity, and reliability during synthesis of individual epidemiological studies with different designs, which in turn affects conclusions on causation.

Triangulation aims to address the challenge of synthesizing evidence from diverse studies with distinct sources of bias. Bias is a systematic error that leads to inaccurate study results. Tools for assessing risk of bias provide a structured list of questions for systematic consideration of different domains (such as confounding, selective reporting, and conflict of interest). These tools also provide a structured framework for identifying potential sources of bias and informing judgments on individual studies. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to understand and explore triangulation and opportunities to use the practice to enhance the EPA's human health assessments. The workshop was held virtually on May 9 and 11, 2022. This publication summarizes the key presentations and discussions conducted during the workshop.

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