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BTSCRP Web-Only Document 2: Development of Research Problem Statements That Utilize Naturalistic Driving Data to Improve Teen Driving Safety Loren Staplin Tia Mastromatto Kathy H. Lococo TransAnalytics, LLC Quakertown, PA Arthur Goodwin University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center Chapel Hill, NC Conduct of Research Report for BTSCRP Project BTS-08 Submitted March 2021 ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work was sponsored by the Governors Highway Safety Association (GHSA) and funded by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). It was conducted through the Behavioral Traffic Safety Cooperative Research Program (BTSCRP), which is administered by the Transportation Research Board (TRB), part of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. COPYRIGHT INFORMATION Authors herein are responsible for the authenticity of their materials and for obtaining written permissions from publishers or persons who own the copyright to any previously published or copyrighted material used herein. Cooperative Research Programs (CRP) grants permission to reproduce material in this publication for classroom and not-for- profit purposes. Permission is given with the understanding that none of the material will be used to imply TRB, AASHTO, FAA, FHWA, FTA, GHSA, NHTSA, or TDC endorsement of a particular product, method, or practice. It is expected that those reproducing the material in this document for educational and not-for-profit uses will give appropriate acknowledgment of the source of any reprinted or reproduced material. For other uses of the material, request permission from CRP. DISCLAIMER The opinions and conclusions expressed or implied in this report are those of the researchers who performed the research. They are not necessarily those of the Transportation Research Board; the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; or the program sponsors. The Transportation Research Board does not develop, issue, or publish standards or specifications. The Transportation Research Board manages applied research projects which provide the scientific foundation that may be used by Transportation Research Board sponsors, industry associations, or other organizations as the basis for revised practices, procedures, or specifications. The Transportation Research Board, the National Academies, and the sponsors of the Behavioral Traffic Safety Cooperative Research Program do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturersâ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the object of the report. The information contained in this document was taken directly from the submission of the author(s). This material has not been edited by TRB.
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C O O P E R A T I V E R E S E A R C H P R O G R A M S CRP STAFF FOR BTSCRP WEB-ONLY DOCUMENT 2 Christopher J. Hedges, Director, Cooperative Research Programs Lori L. Sundstrom, Deputy Director, Cooperative Research Programs William C. Rogers, Senior Program Officer (retired) Richard Retting, Senior Program Officer Jarrel McAfee, Senior Program Assistant Natalie Barnes, Director of Publications Heather DiAngelis, Associate Director of Publications Jennifer J. Weeks, Publishing Projects Manager BTSCRP PROJECT BTS-08 PANEL James H. Hedlund, Highway Safety North, Ithaca, NY (Chair) Amy M. Boggs, West Virginia GHSP, Charleston, WV Allison E. Curry, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA Ali Ghasemzadeh, Zoox, Foster City, CA Rodrigo Mesa-Arango, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL Jessica H. Mirman, Scottish Collaboration for Public Health Research and Policy, Edinburgh, UK Federico E. Vaca, Yale University, New Haven, CT Elizabeth M. Waller, Transurban,Limited, Melbourne, Australia Christine Watson, NHTSA Liaison Bernardo B. Kleiner, TRB Liaison AUTHOR ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The research reported herein was performed under BTSCRP Project BTS-08 by TransAnalytics, LLC, with support from the Highway Safety Research Center of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Dr. Loren Staplin of TransAnalytics was the Principal Investigator. Collaborating TransAnalytics staff included Tia Mastromatto and Kathy H. Lococo. Arthur Goodwin of UNC-HSRC served as a teen driving safety subject matter expert.
iv CONTENTS SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................................. 1 CHAPTER 1 Background ..................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 2 Research Approach ....................................................................................................... 5 Overview of NDS Data Resources, Strengths, and Limitations ................................................................................. 5 Priority Research Questions ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Inventory of NDS Data Elements .............................................................................................................................. 8 Narrowing the Recommended Research Agenda ................................................................................................... 11 CHAPTER 3 Research Findings and Applications .............................................................................14 Research Needs Statement 1: Does the diversity of traffic/road environments teens are exposed to in their early driving experience predict the probability of crash/near crash involvement, on an exposure basis? ................... 15 Research Needs Statement 2: To what extent do driving risks increase (or differ) for vulnerable teen populations, specifically those with an indication of ADHD, apart from the influence of other driver factors?.... 20 Research Needs Statement 3: How and to what extent does driving distraction (internal and external) contribute to teen crashes and near crashes and does that change as teens gain driving experience?................ 24 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................27
v Figures Figure 1. Inventory associated with key measurement constructs. ............................................... 9
