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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Appendix A

References

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Beauchamp, M. K., D. Joshi, J. McMillan, U. Erbas Oz, L. E. Griffith, N. E. Basta, S. Kirkland, C. Wolfson, P. Raina, A. Costa, L. Anderson, C. Balion, A. Yukiko, B. Cossette, M. Levasseur, S. Hofer, T. Paterson, D. Hogan, T. Liu-Ambrose, V. Menec, P. St. John, G. Mugford, Z. Gao, V. Taler, P. Davidson, A. Wister, and T. Cosco. 2022. Assessment of functional mobility after COVID-19 in adults aged 50 years or older in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. JAMA Network Open 5(1):e2146168. https://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46168.

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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García-Abellán, J., S. Padilla, M. Fernández-González, J. A. García, V. Agulló, M. Andreo, S. Ruiz, A. Galiana, F. Gutiérrez, and M. Masiá. 2021. Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 is associated with long-term clinical outcome in patients with COVID-19: A longitudinal study. Journal of Clinical Immunology 41(7):1490-1501. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-021-01083-7.

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Nalbandian, A., K. Sehgal, A. Gupta, M. V. Madhavan, C. McGroder, J. S. Stevens, J. R. Cook, A. S. Nordvig, D. Shalev, T. S. Sehrawat, N. Ahluwalia, B. Bikdeli, D. Dietz, C. Der-Nigoghossian, N. Liyanage-Don, G. F. Rosner, E. J. Bernstein, S. Mohan, A. A. Beckley, D. S. Seres, T. K. Choueiri, N. Uriel, J. C. Ausiello, D. Accili, D. E. Freedberg, M. Baldwin, A. Schwartz, D. Brodie, C. K. Garcia, M. S. V. Elkind, J. M. Connors, J. P. Bilezikian, D. W. Landry, and E. Y. Wan. 2021. Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Nature Medicine 27(4):601-615. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-021-01283-z.

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
×
Page 96
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
×
Page 97
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
×
Page 98
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
×
Page 99
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
×
Page 100
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: References." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Long COVID: Examining Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26619.
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Page 102
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'Long COVID' refers to the wide range of long-lasting symptoms experienced by some patients after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most common symptoms include fatigue, headache, brain fog, shortness of breath, hair loss, and pain. At this time, there are many knowledge gaps related to Long COVID, including the prevalence of the condition, the impact of the symptoms on survivors' ability to function, and the long-term course of the condition. While many individuals with Long COVID recover within one year, others experience little or no decrease in symptom severity over time.

Long COVID symptoms can affect a person's ability to work and otherwise function in daily life, so people with the condition may need to utilize programs such as Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and the Supplemental Security Income Program (SSI). The Social Security Administration (SSA), which administers both of these programs, requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine host a public workshop to discuss research into the long-term health effects of COVID-19, their impacts on individuals and populations, and how the SSDI and SSI programs can support individuals who suffer disability as a result of Long COVID. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.

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