Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety (2022)

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Survey Questionnaire A-3   • Traveler information systems disseminate data to motorists regarding real-time travel conditions in advance of and within a work zone. • Queue warning systems monitor work zone congestion and alert approaching motorists to slowed or stop traffic. • Dynamic lane merge systems encourage motorists to merge at specific locations in advance of a lane closure based on operating conditions. • Dynamic speed limit systems, also known as variable speed limit systems, provide speed limits to motorists, typically using digital speed limit signs, based on current traffic conditions in an effort to reduce vehicular speed differential in advance of and within a work zone. • Work zone data collection technologies, including Work Zone Data Exchange (WZDx) standards, collect various types of information for work zones, including worker presence, activity type, and traffic volumes for work zones. • Work zone location technologies, such as smart arrow boards, transmit real-time data regarding the position of the work zone that can be disseminated to motorists. • Work zone intrusion alarms alert construction workers that an errant vehicle has crossed into the work area. • Notification of construction equipment entering/exiting systems alert motorists that slow moving construction equipment is entering or exiting the work area. Other types of smart work zone technologies include automated speed enforcement, speed feedback signs, automated systems to install raised pavement markers, automated cone deployment systems, moveable barriers, remotely operated lane closure systems, portable traffic monitoring devices, incident management systems, and sequential warning lights. Please note that the scope of this synthesis is not limited to the smart work zone technologies described in this section or in the survey questions. Throughout the survey, you are encouraged to provide information regarding other types of smart work zone technologies that have been implemented or studied by your agency. QUESTIONS Contact Information Name ___________________ State ___________________ Job Title ___________________ Phone Number _____________________ Email Address ______________________

A-4 Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety 1. What is the current status of implementation of each of the following smart work zone technologies by your agency? Smart Work Zone Technology Already Implemented Not Currently Implemented but Plan to Implement in Future No Current Plans to Implement Traveler Information Systems Queue Warning Dynamic Lane Merge Dynamic (Variable) Speed Limit Work Zone Data Collection Technologies Work Zone Location Technologies Work Zone Intrusion Alarm Notification of Construction Equipment Entering/Exiting Other (Please describe) _____ Comments:

Survey Questionnaire A-5   your agency has already implemented is shown below. Please rank these technologies based on how frequently your agency uses them (1 = most frequently used technology, 2 = second most frequently used technology, etc.). In your rankings, please use each number only once. (Display only technologies with status of implementation = “Already Implemented” from Question 1) Technology Rank Traveler Information Systems Queue Warning Dynamic Lane Merge Dynamic (Variable) Speed Limit Work Zone Data Collection Technologies Work Zone Location Technologies Work Zone Intrusion Alarm Notification of Construction Equipment Entering/Exiting Other Comments: 2. Based on your response to the previous question, the list of smart work zone technologies that

A-6 Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety 3. On a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = Poor, 5 = Outstanding, 0 = No opinion), how would you rate the performance of each of the following smart work zone technologies in your agency’s jurisdiction? (Display only technologies with status of implementation = “Already Implemented” from Question 1) Technology Rating Traveler Information Systems Queue Warning Dynamic Lane Merge Dynamic (Variable) Speed Limit Work Zone Data Collection Technologies Work Zone Location Technologies Work Zone Intrusion Alarm Notification of Construction Equipment Entering/Exiting Other Comments:

Survey Questionnaire A-7   4. How frequently does your agency use multiple smart work zone technologies in conjunction with each other on the same project? Always Almost always Sometimes Rarely Never Comments:

A-8 Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety 5. How frequently does your agency use each of the following methods to communicate information regarding work zones to travelers? Method Always Almost Always Sometimes Rarely Never 511 Systems Audible or Visual Alarms Changeable Message Signs (CMS) Print or Broadcast Media Real-time Highway Advisory Radio (HAR) Remotely Activated Traffic Control Devices Smartphone Applications Connected Vehicle Technologies Social Media Static Signs with Dynamic Features Text Messages Websites Other (Please describe) _____

Survey Questionnaire A-9   Comments: 6. How frequently does your agency use each of the following detection components to collect information for smart work zone technologies? Detection Component Always Almost Always Sometimes Rarely Never Traffic Sensors Video Cameras Bluetooth/Wi- fi Sensors Probe Vehicles Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Environmental Sensors Crowdsourcing Data Social Media Other (Please describe) _____ Comments: _____________________________________________________________________________

A-10 Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety 7. How frequently does your agency use each of the following communication components for smart work zone technologies? Communication Component Always Almost Always Sometimes Rarely Never Wireless Ethernet Cellular Telephone Bluetooth Hard-Wired Cable Optical Radio Frequencies Satellite Other (Please describe) _____ Comments:

Survey Questionnaire A-11   8. How often does your agency consider the following factors when selecting which types of smart work zone technologies to implement? Factor Always Almost Always Sometimes Rarely Never Availability of Alternate Routes Cost Duration and Length of Work Zone Existing Traffic or Safety Issues Commercial Motor Vehicles (CMVs) Urban or Rural Jurisdiction Past Experience Public Reaction Proximity of Workers to Traffic Time of Day Traffic Volumes Type of Work Weather Conditions Work Zone Configuration Connected and Autonomous Vehicles Other (Please describe) _____

A-12 Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety Comments: 9. When implementing smart work zone technologies, how frequently does your agency install smart components on existing non-smart equipment (for example, adding smart arrow boards or smart cones at the beginning and end of the work zone)? Always Almost always Sometimes Rarely Never Comments:

Survey Questionnaire A-13   10. How strongly do you agree or disagree that the following concerns have hindered your agency’s efforts to implement smart work zone technologies? Concern Strongly Agree Somewhat Agree Neither Agree Nor Disagree Somewhat Disagree Strongly Disagree Agency Understaffed Climate Contracting Considerations Contractor Availability/Expertise Data Availability Funding Constraints Lack of Agency Buy- In Lack of Perceived Need Liability Issues Network Connectivity Issues Operational Impacts Proper Expertise to Design or Review Public Education Safety Impacts Technology Issues Time to Research and/or Implement Other (Please describe) _____ Comments: _____________________________________________________________________________

A-14 Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety 11. Which of the following resources has your agency developed to support implementation of smart work zone technologies? Please select all that apply. Concept of operations Deployment plans Guidelines Public outreach materials Selection methodology or tool Contract special provisions Specifications Standard drawings Other (please describe) ____________ If you selected any resources in Question 11, please provide URL(s) for resources in the box below, upload files, or email files to brownhen@missouri.edu: Comments:

Survey Questionnaire A-15   12. How often does your agency use the following performance measures to assess safety impacts of smart work zone technologies? Performance Measure Always Almost Always Sometimes Rarely Never Crash Statistics DOT Records (e.g. Truck Mounted Attenuator hits) Emergency Management Services (EMS) Statistics Surrogate Measures (e.g. speeds, driver behavior) Work Zone Inspection Results Worker Injury Statistics Other (Please describe) _____ Comments:

A-16 Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety 13. How often does your agency use the following performance measures to assess operational impacts of smart work zone technologies? Factor Always Almost Always Sometimes Rarely Never Delay Queue Length Road User Feedback Speed Travel Time Throughput Travel Time Reliability Work Zone Incidents Other (Please describe) _____ Comments: 14. Does your agency automatically collect data for work zone performance measures and store the data in a central location (for example, collecting ATMS data through a Traffic Management Center)? Yes No Comments:

Survey Questionnaire A-17   15. How does your agency use the performance measures that are collected for smart work zone technologies? Please select all that apply. Identify and address project level concerns Improve agency work zone policy and procedures Evaluate performance of smart work zone technologies Provide support for continued use and expansion of smart work zone technologies Performance-based incentives for the contractor Other (please describe) ____________ Comments: 16. Has your agency completed any studies to evaluate the effectiveness and/or return on investment of smart work zone technologies? Yes No If you answered “yes” to Question 16, please provide URL(s) for evaluation documents in the box below, upload files, or email files to brownhen@missouri.edu: Comments: 17. The synthesis study will also include case examples demonstrating agency practices for the use of smart work zone technologies to improve safety in work zones. The development of the case examples will require an additional follow-up interview. Agencies participating in the case examples will be provided with an opportunity to review the case example write-up. The estimated time commitment for your agency for the case example is 1 to 1.5 hours for the follow-up interview and 1 hour to review the write-up. Would your agency be interested in participating in a case example? Yes No If you answered “yes” to Question 17, please suggest project locations for case examples using the box below: 18. Please provide any additional comments that you may have regarding the use of smart work zone technologies to improve safety in work zones.

A-18 Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety To complete the survey and record your answers, please click the “Submit” button. Please note that once you click the “Submit” button, you will not be able to modify your answers. To save your partial answers and complete the survey later, close the survey. Answers are automatically saved upon closing the browser window. To return to the survey later, open the original email from Henry Brown and click on the survey link. To pass a partially completed survey to a colleague, close the survey and forward the original email from Henry Brown to a colleague. Note that only one person may work on the survey at a time; the survey response should only be active on one computer at a time. To review your answers before submitting, please select the forward and back arrows at the bottom of each page. END OF SURVEY Thank you for completing this survey. Your efforts are greatly appreciated. Your responses are very important, and your feedback is welcome. For your information, a copy of your responses is provided below. You may download your responses in pdf format using the “Download pdf” link shown below. If you have any questions or comments, please contact the principal investigator, Henry Brown: Henry Brown, P.E. E2509 Lafferre Hall University of Missouri Columbia, MO 65211 Your responses have been recorded, and you may now close your browser. SUBMITTAL INSTRUCTIONS

B-1   A P P E N D I X B List of Responding DOTs Table B-1. List of departments of transportation responding to the survey. Responding DOT Alabama Department of Transportation Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Facilities Arizona Department of Transportation Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department California Department of Transportation Colorado Department of Transportation Connecticut Department of Transportation Delaware Department of Transportation District Department of Transportation Florida Department of Transportation Georgia Department of Transportation Hawaii Department of Transportation Idaho Transportation Department Illinois Department of Transportation Indiana Department of Transportation Iowa Department of Transportation Kansas Department of Transportation Kentucky Transportation Cabinet Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development Maine Department of Transportation Maryland Department of Transportation State Highway Administration Massachusetts Department of Transportation Michigan Department of Transportation Minnesota Department of Transportation Mississippi Department of Transportation Missouri Department of Transportation Montana Department of Transportation

B-2 Use of Smart Work Zone Technologies for Improving Work Zone Safety New Mexico Department of Transportation Responding DOT New York State Department of Transportation North Carolina Department of Transportation North Dakota Department of Transportation Ohio Department of Transportation Oklahoma Department of Transportation Oregon Department of Transportation Pennsylvania Department of Transportation Rhode Island Department of Transportation South Carolina Department of Transportation South Dakota Department of Transportation Tennessee Department of Transportation Texas Department of Transportation Utah Department of Transportation Vermont Agency of Transportation Virginia Department of Transportation Washington State Department of Transportation West Virginia Department of Transportation Wisconsin Department of Transportation Wyoming Department of Transportation Nebraska Department of Roads Nevada Department of Transportation New Hampshire Department of Transportation New Jersey Department of Transportation