Exploring the Role of
Health Professional
Students and Trainees as
Members of the Health
Workforce During Crises
__________
Patricia A. Cuff and
Erin Hammers Forstag, Rapporteurs
Global Forum on Innovation in
Health Professional Education
Board on Global Health
Health and Medicine Division
Proceedings of a Workshop
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001
This activity was supported by contracts between the National Academy of Sciences and Academic Collaborative for Integrative Health, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, American Academy of Nursing, American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine, American Board of Family Medicine, American Council of Academic Physical Therapy, American Dental Education Association, American Medical Association, American Nurses Credentialing Center, American Occupational Therapy Association, American Physical Therapy Association, American Psychological Association, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, Association of American Medical Colleges, Association of Schools and Colleges of Optometry, Association of Schools of Advancing Health Professions, Athletic Training Strategic Alliance, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Council on Social Work Education, the George Washington University, Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation, National Academies of Practice, National Association of Social Workers, National Board for Certified Counselors and Affiliates, National Board of Medical Examiners, National Council of State Boards of Nursing, National League for Nursing, Physician Assistant Education Association, Society for Simulation in Healthcare, Texas A&M—San Antonio, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, and Weill Cornell Medicine–Qatar. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-69298-4
International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-69298-9
Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/26695
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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Exploring the role of health professional students and trainees as members of the health workforce during crises: Proceedings of a workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26695.
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PLANNING COMMITTEE ON EXPLORING THE ROLE OF HEALTH PROFESSIONAL STUDENTS AND TRAINEES AS MEMBERS OF THE HEALTH WORKFORCE1
ROBERT CAIN (Cochair), American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine
ERIN L. PATEL (Cochair), Veterans Health Administration
JONATHAN AMIEL, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons
KENYA BEARD, Chamberlain University
JASMINE L. GARLAND McKINNEY, University of North Carolina Greensboro
REENA KARANI, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
MARK MERRICK, University of Toledo
CASEY SHILLAM, University of Portland School of Nursing
LISA VANHOOSE, Ujima Institute
Consultants
OLGERT BARDHI, University of Florida
JESSICA JOHNSON, Kentucky College of Optometry
MITCHELL KANELLIS, Chicago College of Optometry
TIFFANY MATHIS, Morgan State University
SHANE T. MATTHEW, University of Florida
MAEVE McDONNELL, Marshall B. Ketchum University
JEREMIAH McGUIRE, University of Oklahoma
ESHA MEHTA, George Washington University
CHRISTY-ANNE MITCHELL, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
JOANNA MICHELLE OCAMPO, Columbia University
AHMED OWDA, Columbia University
ISA PRUDE, Nova Southeastern University College of Optometry
YONI SIDEN, University of Michigan
GENNA WALDMAN, Columbia University
ALAN YEE, University of Pittsburgh
SERHAT YILDIRIM, Ghent University
___________________
1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the rapporteurs and the institution.
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Reviewers
This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.
We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:
Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by DANIEL R. MASYS, University of Washington. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the National Academies.
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Contents
2 The Decision-Making Process of Leaders
3 Keeping Learners in the Field
5 Cultural Safety Considerations
7 Evolution of a Decision Tree
A Evolution of a Decision Tree
B Unanswered Questions for Further Exploration
C Members of the Global Forum on Innovation in Health Professional Education
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Acronyms and Abbreviations
AAMC | Association of American Medical Colleges |
ACGME | Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education |
ACPE | Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education |
AMA | American Medical Association |
ASPPB | Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards |
CAATE | Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education |
CEPH | Council on Education for Public Health |
ER | emergency room |
FSBPT | Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy |
HMH | Houston Methodist Hospital |
ICU | intensive care unit |
LCME | Liaison Committee on Medical Education |
M.D. | Doctor of Medicine |
M.P.H. | Master of Public Health |
M.P.P. | Master of Public Policy |
NCSBN | National Council of State Boards of Nursing |
OB/GYN | obstetrics/gynecology |
PPE | personal protective equipment |
SDE | social determinants of education |
SGA | student government association |
VA | U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs |