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Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy (2023)

Chapter: Appendix I: Characteristics of the DLW Validation Studies

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix I: Characteristics of the DLW Validation Studies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.
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Suggested Citation:"Appendix I: Characteristics of the DLW Validation Studies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.
×

TABLE I-1 Characteristics of 144 Cohorts from 65 Published Studies Included in the Model Validation

Boy
(N = 21)
Girl
(N = 20)
Sex
Female 0 (0%) 20 (100%)
Male 21 (100%) 0 (0%)
Age
Mean (SD) 9.97 (4.68) 9.53 (4.14)
Median [Min, Max] 8.50 [3.00, 18.6] 8.10 [3.00, 18.0]
Weight
Mean (SD) 40.2 (22.4) 37.3 (19.3)
Median [Min, Max] 30.0 [16.4, 88.4] 29.3 [15.9, 85.8]
Height
Mean (SD) 140 (24.9) 135 (21.1)
Median [Min, Max] 133 [100, 181] 129 [103, 175]
BMI
Mean (SD) 18.7 (3.91) 18.9 (4.36)
Median [Min, Max] 16.7 [14.4, 27.4] 17.2 [14.9, 33.0]
TEE
Mean (SD) 2,410 (884) 1,970 (525)
Median [Min, Max] 1,990 [1,290, 4,370] 1,840 [1,150, 3,050]
PAL
Mean (SD) 1.84 (0.156) 1.81 (0.221)
Median [Min, Max] 1.77 [1.69, 2.07] 1.72 [1.62, 2.21]
Missing 13 (61.9%) 13 (65.0%)
PALCAT
Active 15 (71.4%) 6 (30.0%)
Very Active 6 (28.6%) 0 (0%)
Low Active 0 (0%) 14 (70.0%)
Inactive 0 (0%) 0 (0%)

NOTE: BMI = body mass index; DLW = doubly labeled water; max = maximum; min = minimum; mo = months; PAL = physical activity level; PALCAT = PAL category; SD = standard deviation; TEE = total energy expenditure.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix I: Characteristics of the DLW Validation Studies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.
×
Man
(N = 32)
Woman
(N = 71)
Overall
(N = 144)
0 (0%) 71 (100%) 91 (63.2%)
32 (100%) 0 (0%) 53 (36.8%)
39.7 (16.6) 34.7 (11.9) 28.7 (16.8)
35.5 [19.0, 94.0] 33.7 [19.4, 94.0] 30.0 [3.00, 94.0]
82.5 (11.9) 71.7 (19.0) 64.7 (24.8)
82.7 [65.0, 107] 67.3 [38.5, 162] 67.2 [15.9, 162]
176 (4.38) 162 (16.9) 158 (22.2)
177 [167, 182] 165 [24.0, 170] 165 [24.0, 182]
26.6 (3.38) 27.0 (6.77) 24.6 (6.54)
26.0 [21.9, 34.9] 24.3 [20.9, 60.3] 24.0 [14.4, 60.3]
3,040 (532) 2,330 (399) 2,450 (636)
3,030 [1,940, 4,370] 2,230 [1,510, 3,850] 2,420 [1,150, 4,370]
1.66 (0.130) 1.67 (0.161) 1.71 (0.172)
1.70 [1.36, 1.90] 1.69 [1.19, 1.98] 1.71 [1.19, 2.21]
18 (56.3%) 46 (64.8%) 90 (62.5%)
14 (43.8%) 17 (23.9%) 52 (36.1%)
4 (12.5%) 6 (8.45%) 16 (11.1%)
9 (28.1%) 25 (35.2%) 48 (33.3%)
5 (15.6%) 23 (32.4%) 28 (19.4%)
Suggested Citation:"Appendix I: Characteristics of the DLW Validation Studies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.
×

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix I: Characteristics of the DLW Validation Studies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.
×
Page 337
Suggested Citation:"Appendix I: Characteristics of the DLW Validation Studies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.
×
Page 338
Suggested Citation:"Appendix I: Characteristics of the DLW Validation Studies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.
×
Page 339
Suggested Citation:"Appendix I: Characteristics of the DLW Validation Studies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.
×
Page 340
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The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are a set of reference values that encompass a safe range of intake and provide recommended nutrient intakes for the United States and Canada. The DRIs for energy are used widely to provide guidance for maintaining energy balance on both an individual and group level.

U.S. and Canadian governments asked the National Academies to convene an expert committee to examine available evidence and provide updated Estimated Energy Requirements (EERs) for their populations. The resulting report presents EER equations that provide a baseline for dietary planners and assessors who are estimating energy needs and monitoring energy balance to enhance the general health of individuals and populations.

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