Page 481 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Appendix L

National Survey Data from the United States and Canada

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE	5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Body mass index (calculated as kg/m²)	2–3 y	388	16.8	0.2	14.5	14.8	15.7	16.4	17.4	18.8	19.8
	4–8 y	936	17.1	0.1	13.9	14.5	15.2	16.2	17.9	20.8	23.0
	9–13 y	872	20.6	0.2	14.9	15.5	16.7	19.2	23.3	27.7	30.6
	14–18 y	768	24.0	0.3	16.9	17.7	19.8	22.3	26.6	32.3	35.8
Weight (kg)	0–6 mo	186	6.7	0.1	4.1	4.6	5.5	6.7	7.8	8.6	9.1
	7–11 mo	147	9.4	0.1	7.7	8.1	8.6	9.3	10.0	10.7	11.3
	1–3 y	694	14.0	0.2	9.7	10.4	11.8	13.6	15.5	17.6	19.2
	4–8 y	939	25.0	0.4	16.3	17.3	19.8	23.1	28.4	35.4	39.8
	9–13 y	873	46.7	0.6	27.4	29.1	34.2	43.3	54.9	68.3	80.5
	14–18 y	768	72.1	1.0	47.1	50.9	58.6	66.7	81.5	96.4	114.5
Height (cm)	0–6 mo	186	61.7	0.4	52.8	54.1	57.6	62.7	65.8	67.9	69.0
Length for < 2 y	7–11 mo	147	72.1	0.3	67.3	68.4	69.8	71.9	73.9	75.5	76.5
	12–23 mo	265	81.3	0.3	73.7	75.3	78.0	81.1	84.4	88.0	89.3
	2–3 y	389	95.5	0.3	85.8	88.1	90.9	95.6	99.8	102.8	105.0
	4–8 y	936	119.9	0.5	102.2	105.1	111.4	120.2	128.1	134.2	137.4
	9–13 y	872	149.0	0.5	130.3	134.2	139.7	148.3	157.7	166.3	169.5
	14–18 y	768	172.9	0.3	159.4	162.7	167.8	173.3	178.6	182.3	185.0

Page 484 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE	5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Waist circumference (cm)	2–3 y	338	50.1	0.5	44.4	45.2	47.1	49.4	52.0	54.3	57.1
	4–8 y	883	58.1	0.4	48.8	50.1	52.4	56.0	60.8	70.1	75.3
	9–13 y	840	72.8	0.6	55.9	58.0	61.6	69.2	80.9	94.3	100.1
	14–18 y	752	83.4	0.8	65.4	67.0	71.5	78.4	90.8	107.0	116.3
Average sagittal abdominal diameter (cm)*	9–13 y	446	16.3	0.2	12.5	13.0	13.9	15.4	17.9	20.6	22.3
Average sagittal abdominal diameter (cm)*	14–18 y	400	18.5	0.3	14.2	14.8	15.9	17.4	19.9	24.0	27.2
Waist–hip ratio**	12-13 y	140	0.87	0.01	0.78	0.79	0.81	0.85	0.91	0.98	1.00
Waist–hip ratio**	14-18 y	352	0.86	0.01	0.77	0.78	0.80	0.84	0.89	0.97	1.00

NOTE: cm = centimeter; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year.

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018; *2015–2016; **2017–2018.

Page 485 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-2 Body Measurement Summary Statistics, Girls 18 Years of Age and Younger, NHANES, 2015–2018

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean		Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE	5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Body mass index (calculated as kg/m²)	2–3 y	367	16.3	0.1	14.2	14.6	15.3	16.1	17.0	17.9	18.6
	4–8 y	934	17.1	0.1	13.7	14.2	15.0	16.2	18.2	21.1	23.2
	9–13 y	898	20.7	0.2	15.0	15.7	17.0	19.5	23.6	27.9	30.1
	14–18 y	755	24.9	0.3	18.0	18.9	20.6	23.2	27.7	32.8	37.5
Weight (kg)	0–6 mo	191	6.2	0.1	4.1	4.4	5.1	6.0	7.3	7.9	8.1
	7–11 mo	148	8.7	0.1	6.8	7.3	7.9	8.6	9.5	10.3	10.5
	1–3 y	634	13.2	0.1	9.5	9.9	11.1	13.0	14.6	16.6	17.7
	4–8 y	934	24.1	0.3	15.6	16.6	18.8	22.2	26.9	34.3	39.6
	9–13 y	899	46.5	0.7	27.1	29.2	34.4	43.8	55.0	66.9	73.6
	14–18 y	755	65.4	0.8	45.4	47.8	53.3	61.2	72.9	87.6	98.8
Height (cm)	0–6 mo	191	60.5	0.3	52.9	54.3	56.4	60.3	64.6	66.8	67.6
Length for < 2 y	7–11 mo	148	70.4	0.3	65.6	66.5	68.3	70.4	72.3	74.3	75.6
	12–23 mo	229	80.6	0.4	73.5	75.1	77.4	80.2	83.4	86.7	88.2
	2–3 y	368	93.7	0.5	84.8	86.0	89.4	93.7	97.2	101.1	103.9
	4–8 y	935	117.5	0.4	101.0	103.3	109.4	117.6	124.9	130.9	134.2
	9–13 y	898	148.4	0.6	130.0	133.6	140.3	149.1	156.7	161.5	164.3
	14–18 y	755	162.0	0.4	151.2	153.5	157.4	161.6	166.4	170.6	173.0

Page 486 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean		Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE	5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Waist circumference (cm)	2–3 y	319	49.2	0.2	43.1	44.6	46.6	49.4	51.2	53.6	55.1
	4–8 y	883	57.8	0.3	48.2	49.5	52.0	55.2	61.0	69.8	76.8
	9–13 y	864	72.5	0.5	55.9	58.5	62.8	70.1	80.0	90.7	96.9
	14–18 y	728	82.5	0.7	66.7	68.8	72.9	79.0	89.0	100.2	109.2
Average sagittal abdominal diameter (cm)*	9–13 y	453	16.2	0.2	12.1	12.8	14.0	15.5	17.8	20.3	21.7
Average sagittal abdominal diameter (cm)*	14–18 y	383	18.4	0.2	14.3	14.7	15.8	17.6	20.1	22.7	25.0
Waist–hip ratio**	12-13 y	128	0.84	0.01	0.74	0.76	0.79	0.83	0.86	0.92	0.95
Waist–hip ratio**	14-18 y	343	0.83	0.01	0.73	0.76	0.78	0.82	0.86	0.91	0.95

NOTES: cm = centimeter; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year. Pregnant and lactating adolescents excluded.

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018; *2015–2016; **2017–2018.

Page 487 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-3 Body Measurement Summary Statistics, Men 19 Years of Age and Older, NHANES, 2015–2018

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE			Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE	Min	Max	5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Body mass index (calculated as kg/m²)	19–30	1,005	27.8	0.4	15.7	62.0	18.7	20.3	22.7	26.5	31.7	36.7	39.6
	31–50	1,581	30.2	0.3	15.1	86.2	21.8	23.2	25.8	29.1	33.3	38.5	42.1
	51–70	1,807	29.7	0.2	14.9	57.4	22.0	22.9	25.5	28.9	33.0	37.0	41.1
	> 70	818	28.7	0.2	16.6	56.0	20.8	22.4	25.3	28.0	31.9	35.2	36.8
	19+	5,211	29.4	0.2	14.9	86.2	20.8	22.3	25.0	28.4	32.7	37.1	41.0
Weight (kg)	19–30	1,006	86.0	1.3	39.2	191.4	58.4	61.6	69.8	81.4	98.2	116.0	128.2
	31–50	1,582	94.1	0.8	46.2	242.6	65.2	69.8	78.6	89.9	104.5	123.3	137.4
	51–70	1,810	91.1	0.7	36.8	192.3	63.2	68.2	76.6	88.7	102.3	117.1	129.2
	> 70	822	85.1	0.9	43.7	170.8	58.7	63.1	72.8	83.3	96.8	107.1	115.7
	19+	5,220	90.4	0.6	36.8	242.6	61.6	66.3	75.2	87.2	101.8	119.1	130.2
Height (cm)	19–30	1,006	175.8	0.3	136.5	198.4	164.3	167.0	171.0	176.1	180.4	184.9	186.8
	31–50	1,584	176.3	0.3	149.6	202.7	163.5	166.5	171.4	176.4	181.3	185.7	188.5
	51–70	1,810	174.8	0.3	140.1	197.7	162.5	164.9	169.5	174.9	179.7	184.2	187.2
	> 70	827	172.0	0.4	149.2	193.1	160.1	163.1	167.4	172.2	177.0	180.8	183.4
	19+	5,227	175.3	0.2	136.5	202.7	162.8	165.7	170.2	175.4	180.2	184.7	187.3

Page 488 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE			Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE	Min	Max	5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Waist circumference (cm)	19–30	983	94.5	1.0	62.3	161.6	72.4	75.6	81.4	91.0	105.7	117.9	127.8
	31–50	1,527	103.5	0.6	67.2	162.7	81.0	85.1	92.5	101.4	111.6	125.3	133.0
	51–70	1,751	106.0	0.7	65.9	169.6	83.8	88.7	95.7	104.3	114.8	125.8	135.4
	> 70	754	106.4	0.7	67.6	156.1	84.6	89.3	97.8	105.5	114.9	123.7	129.9
	19+	5,015	102.6	0.5	62.3	169.6	77.3	82.5	91.4	101.6	111.8	123.9	132.5
Average sagittal abdominal diameter (cm)*	19–30	523	21.4	0.2	14.4	38.1	16.0	16.8	18.1	20.5	23.8	27.1	29.9
	31–50	816	23.6	0.3	13.6	40.8	17.4	18.5	20.6	23.0	25.9	29.7	31.4
	51–70	834	24.2	0.3	14.5	39.9	17.7	19.3	21.2	23.6	26.8	29.6	31.8
	> 70	344	24.4	0.3	13.7	38.3	18.7	19.9	21.7	24.2	26.9	29.3	30.7
	19+	2,517	23.4	0.2	13.6	40.8	17.0	18.0	20.2	22.8	25.9	29.4	31.2
Waist–hip ratio**	19–30	457	0.91	0.01	0.73	1.12	0.80	0.82	0.86	0.90	0.96	1.01	1.04
	31–50	705	0.97	0.00	0.80	1.24	0.85	0.88	0.92	0.96	1.01	1.05	1.07
	51–70	902	1.01	0.01	0.77	1.19	0.90	0.92	0.96	1.00	1.05	1.08	1.10
	> 70	400	1.01	0.00	0.84	1.19	0.90	0.94	0.97	1.01	1.04	1.08	1.10
	19+	2,464	0.97	0.00	0.73	1.24	0.84	0.87	0.92	0.97	1.02	1.06	1.08

NOTE: cm = centimeter; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year.

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018; *2015–2016; **2017–2018.

Page 489 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-4 Body Measurement Summary Statistics, Women 19 Years of Age and Older, NHANES, 2015–2018

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE			Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE	Min	Max	5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Body mass index (calculated as kg/m²)	19–30	1,108	28.3	0.4	14.8	66.2	18.9	19.8	22.0	26.3	32.8	38.9	43.2
	31–50	1,806	30.5	0.3	15.7	65.8	20.4	21.7	24.2	28.7	34.8	42.4	46.4
	51–70	1,887	30.3	0.3	14.5	84.4	20.0	22.0	24.6	29.1	34.5	40.3	44.2
	> 70	820	29.0	0.3	14.2	63.6	20.5	21.6	24.7	28.3	32.2	36.6	40.1
	19+	5,621	29.8	0.2	14.2	84.4	19.7	21.2	23.9	28.3	33.9	40.2	44.4
Weight (kg)	19–30	1,108	74.7	1.0	36.2	181.0	49.0	51.7	58.6	69.6	86.1	105.6	116.3
	31–50	1,808	80.7	1.0	40.3	179.2	51.7	56.0	64.8	75.1	92.6	112.8	126.5
	51–70	1,890	78.3	0.8	38.5	219.6	49.6	55.7	64.3	74.7	89.4	103.8	116.9
	> 70	820	71.8	0.8	32.4	144.7	49.1	52.1	59.5	69.7	81.0	93.6	102.7
	19+	5,626	77.5	0.6	32.4	219.6	49.8	54.0	62.2	73.2	88.6	105.2	119.5
Height (cm)	19–30	1,108	162.5	0.3	139.9	185.2	151.1	153.9	158.0	162.6	166.9	170.9	173.3
	31–50	1,808	162.5	0.3	137.6	189.3	151.0	153.2	157.8	162.6	167.2	171.3	173.7
	51–70	1,888	160.9	0.3	138.3	187.8	150.0	152.8	156.1	160.8	165.5	169.6	171.4
	> 70	822	157.1	0.3	129.7	179.6	145.6	149.0	153.1	156.8	161.5	165.2	167.9
	19+	5,626	161.3	0.2	129.7	189.3	149.8	152.5	156.4	161.3	166.0	170.2	172.5

Page 490 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE			Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean	SE	Min	Max	5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Waist circumference (cm)	19–30	1,053	92.5	0.9	56.4	171.6	70.0	72.1	78.0	89.4	103.8	118.6	125.7
	31–50	1,703	98.9	0.8	63.2	169.6	74.0	78.4	85.2	95.9	108.8	123.2	134.0
	51–70	1,809	100.7	0.8	57.9	164.0	75.8	80.4	88.7	98.7	111.6	122.8	129.6
	> 70	717	100.2	0.6	64.0	148.1	77.5	82.1	90.5	99.8	109.4	117.4	122.3
	19+	5,282	98.3	0.6	56.4	171.6	73.2	77.0	85.3	96.4	109.1	121.7	129.7
Average sagittal abdominal diameter (cm)*	19–30	526	20.2	0.2	12.2	34.8	14.5	15.3	16.9	19.3	22.8	26.3	28.0
	31–50	867	21.9	0.2	13.1	39.7	15.6	16.6	18.0	21.0	24.8	28.6	30.4
	51–70	854	23.2	0.3	14.4	38.6	16.5	17.4	19.8	23.0	26.1	29.0	31.0
	> 70	325	22.8	0.3	14.3	36.2	16.6	17.6	19.9	22.8	25.3	27.8	28.9
	19+	2,572	22.1	0.2	12.2	39.7	15.5	16.6	18.4	21.6	25.1	28.4	30.0
Waist–hip ratio**	19–30	433	0.86	0.01	0.66	1.08	0.74	0.76	0.80	0.85	0.91	0.96	1.00
	31–50	762	0.88	0.00	0.72	1.09	0.77	0.79	0.82	0.88	0.93	0.97	0.99
	51–70	933	0.91	0.01	0.73	1.11	0.79	0.81	0.86	0.91	0.95	0.98	1.00
	> 70	373	0.93	0.00	0.74	1.17	0.82	0.83	0.89	0.93	0.97	1.00	1.02
	19+	2,501	0.89	0.00	0.66	1.17	0.77	0.80	0.83	0.89	0.94	0.98	1.00

NOTES: cm = centimeter; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year. Pregnant and lactating women excluded.

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018; *2015–2016; **2017–2018.

Page 491 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-5 Body Measurement Summary Statistics, Boys 18 Years of Age and Younger, CHMS, 2012–2019

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	5th (SE)	10th (SE)	25th (SE)	50th (SE)	75th (SE)	90th (SE)	95th (SE)
Body mass index (calculated as kg/m²)	3 y	340	16.2 (0.2)	14.2 (0.2)	14.3 (0.2)	15.1 (0.1)	16.2 (0.1)	17.0 (0.1)	17.7 (0.3)	18.6 (0.4)
	4–8 y	1,717	16.2 (0.1)	13.7 (0.1)	14.2 (0.1)	14.8 (0.1)	15.7 (0.1)	16.8 (0.1)	18.6 (0.4)	21.0 (0.6)
	9–13 y	1,704	19.2 (0.1)	14.7 (0.1)	15.2 (0.1)	16.4 (0.1)	18.3 (0.1)	20.9 (0.3)	24.5 (0.5)	27.1 (0.5)
	14–18 y	1,241	23.7 (0.4)	17.5 (0.2)	18.1 (0.2)	19.5 (0.2)	22.0 (0.2)	26.3 (0.6)	31.0 (1.1)	36.4 (1.6)
Weight (kg)	3 y	345	16.2 (0.2)	13.1 (0.3)	13.9 (0.2)	14.8 (0.1)	16.0 (0.2)	17.5 (0.2)	18.9 (0.3)	19.6 (0.5)
	4–8 y	1,721	23.8 (0.3)	16.0 (0.2)	17.0 (0.2)	19.3 (0.2)	22.4 (0.3)	26.8 (0.5)	31.4 (0.7)	36.6 (1.4)
	9–13 y	1,709	44.2 (0.4)	27.6 (0.3)	29.5 (0.4)	33.8 (0.5)	41.7 (0.4)	51.9 (0.9)	61.5 (1.0)	69.4 (2.2)
	14–18 y	1,242	72.7 (1.5)	49.2 (1.3)	52.9 (0.9)	59.7 (0.6)	68.9 (0.8)	80.6 (1.4)	95.9 (3.0)	114.6 (7.6)
Height (cm)	3 y	340	100.1 (0.4)	93.3 (0.8)	94.2 (0.5)	97.1 (0.5)	100.1 (0.4)	103.2 (0.5)	105.9 (0.6)	107.4 (0.7)
	4–8 y	1,717	120.2 (0.4)	103.0 (0.5)	105.9 (0.5)	111.6 (0.4)	121.0 (0.5)	128.7 (0.5)	134.1 (0.6)	137.3 (0.8)
	9–13 y	1,705	150.4 (0.4)	133.5 (0.7)	136.1 (0.6)	140.8 (0.4)	148.3 (0.6)	159.6 (0.6)	167.7 (0.8)	171.8 (0.8)
	14–18 y	1,242	174.9 (0.4)	161.7 (1.3)	164.8 (0.7)	170.1 (0.4)	174.7 (0.4)	180.5 (0.5)	185.4 (0.5)	187.7 (0.7)
Waist circumference (cm)	3 y	339	49.9 (0.3)	45.1 (0.3)	46.1 (0.3)	47.1 (0.3)	49.8 (0.3)	51.7 (0.4)	54.2 (0.6)	55.8 (1.3)
	4–8 y	1,714	55.2 (0.4)	47.3 (0.3)	48.6 (0.2)	50.9 (0.2)	53.7 (0.3)	57.4 (0.5)	62.3 (0.9)	69.1 (2.2)
	9–13 y	1,710	68.4 (0.4)	55.0 (0.2)	56.6 (0.3)	60.1 (0.4)	66.3 (0.3)	73.2 (0.8)	83.4 (1.2)	93.0 (1.6)
	14–18 y	1,241	82.0 (1.1)	65.5 (0.5)	68.2 (0.5)	72.3 (0.5)	77.5 (0.5)	86.9 (1.3)	101.8 (2.8)	116.0 (3.7)

Page 492 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	5th (SE)	10th (SE)	25th (SE)	50th (SE)	75th (SE)	90th (SE)	95th (SE)
Waist–hip ratio	3 y	156	0.91 (0.01)	0.82 (0.02)	0.84 (0.01)	0.88 (0.01)	0.90 (0.01)	0.93 (0.01)	0.97 (0.01)	0.98 (0.01)
	4–8 y	826	0.87 (0.00)	0.79 (0.01)	0.80 (0.00)	0.83 (0.01)	0.87 (0.00)	0.90 (0.00)	0.93 (0.01)	0.96 (0.01)
	9–13 y	869	0.85 (0.00)	0.76 (0.01)	0.78 (0.00)	0.80 (0.00)	0.84 (0.00)	0.88 (0.01)	0.95 (0.01)	0.97 (0.01)
	14–18 y	629	0.84 (0.00)	0.76 (0.01)	0.77 (0.00)	0.80 (0.00)	0.83 (0.01)	0.88 (0.01)	0.93 (0.01)	0.96 (0.01)

NOTES: CHMS = Canadian Health Measures Survey; cm = centimeter; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year. All results are reported in metric units. All body measurement results are based on CHMS cycles 3 (2012–2013), 4 (2014–2015), 5 (2016–2017), and 6 (2018–2019). The population for all cycles was 3 to 79 years of age. BMI status was determined only in those with both valid measured height and weight. Waist–hip ratio was determined only in those with both valid measured waist and hip circumference; hip circumference was not measured in cycles 5 and 6. BMI status in children 18 and under was determined using Centers for Disease Control (CDC) percentiles. All results use survey weights to obtain estimates for the Canadian population and bootstrap weights to obtain standard errors and are combined between the four cycles according to the documentation from Statistics Canada.

Page 493 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-6 Body Measurement Summary Statistics, Girls 18 Years of Age and Younger, CHMS, 2012–2019

Measure	Age (y)	n	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	5th (SE)	10th (SE)	25th (SE)	50th (SE)	75th (SE)	90th (SE)	95th (SE)
Body mass index (calculated as kg/m²)	3 y	353	16.2 (0.2)	14.1 (0.1)	14.5 (0.1)	15.0 (0.1)	15.8 (0.1)	16.9 (0.2)	18.1 (0.3)	18.7 (1.4)
	4–8 y	1,724	16.3 (0.1)	13.7 (0.1)	14.1 (0.1)	14.8 (0.1)	15.7 (0.1)	17.1 (0.1)	19.1 (0.2)	21.3 (0.4)
	9–13 y	1,705	19.2 (0.2)	14.3 (0.2)	15.1 (0.2)	16.3 (0.1)	18.2 (0.2)	21.0 (0.4)	24.5 (0.5)	27.0 (0.5)
	14–18 y	1,235	22.8 (0.2)	17.2 (0.2)	18.1 (0.2)	19.6 (0.1)	21.6 (0.2)	24.5 (0.3)	29.5 (0.5)	32.3 (0.8)
Weight (kg)	3 y	356	16.0 (0.2)	12.5 (0.3)	13.2 (0.2)	14.6 (0.2)	15.6 (0.2)	16.9 (0.3)	18.9 (0.4)	19.4 (1.2)
	4–8 y	1,726	23.5 (0.2)	15.4 (0.1)	16.4 (0.2)	18.7 (0.2)	22.1 (0.3)	26.4 (0.4)	31.7 (0.7)	37.2 (1.1)
	9–13 y	1,706	43.5 (0.6)	25.8 (0.4)	28.0 (0.4)	33.4 (0.6)	41.7 (0.8)	51.4 (0.9)	61.0 (1.7)	69.4 (1.8)
	14–18 y	1,236	61.0 (0.6)	44.2 (0.9)	47.0 (0.6)	51.9 (0.5)	58.1 (0.4)	67.0 (0.6)	77.6 (2.1)	87.5 (2.6)
Height (cm)	3 y	353	99.4 (0.4)	91.7 (0.4)	92.4 (0.7)	96.3 (0.5)	99.5 (0.5)	102.6 (0.5)	105.3 (0.7)	107.2 (0.7)
	4–8 y	1,726	118.9 (0.4)	102.1 (0.4)	104.7 (0.4)	110.1 (0.4)	118.7 (0.6)	126.9 (0.6)	134.1 (0.6)	137.1 (0.8)
	9–13 y	1,707	149.3 (0.4)	130.1 (0.8)	133.3 (0.6)	141.3 (0.8)	149.5 (0.5)	157.4 (0.6)	164.1 (0.6)	167.4 (0.9)
	14–18 y	1,236	163.6 (0.4)	151.6 (0.8)	154.7 (1.0)	159.1 (0.5)	164.0 (0.4)	167.6 (0.4)	171.6 (0.4)	174.0 (0.6)
Waist circumference (cm)	3 y	349	50.4 (0.4)	44.4 (0.6)	44.9 (0.4)	47.5 (0.4)	49.9 (0.2)	52.6 (0.6)	55.9 (0.7)	57.0 (2.2)
	4–8 y	1,723	55.4 (0.3)	46.5 (0.2)	48.0 (0.3)	50.4 (0.2)	53.9 (0.2)	57.8 (0.4)	64.5 (0.7)	69.9 (1.3)
	9–13 y	1,708	67.5 (0.6)	53.7 (0.4)	55.6 (0.4)	58.9 (0.4)	65.6 (0.6)	73.5 (0.7)	82.5 (1.4)	89.8 (1.4)
	14–18 y	1,234	77.1 (0.6)	63.4 (0.6)	65.1 (0.5)	68.9 (0.4)	74.3 (0.4)	81.8 (0.8)	93.1 (1.5)	100.4 (2.5)

Page 494 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Measure	Age (y)	n	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	5th (SE)	10th (SE)	25th (SE)	50th (SE)	75th (SE)	90th (SE)	95th (SE)
Waist–hip ratio	3 y	158	0.91 (0.01)	0.84 (0.01)	0.85 (0.01)	0.88 (0.00)	0.90 (0.00)	0.94 (0.01)	0.98 (0.01)	1.01 (0.01)
	4–8 y	828	0.88 (0.00)	0.79 (0.01)	0.81 (0.00)	0.84 (0.00)	0.87 (0.00)	0.91 (0.00)	0.96 (0.00)	0.97 (0.01)
	9–13 y	842	0.83 (0.00)	0.74 (0.01)	0.75 (0.00)	0.79 (0.00)	0.82 (0.00)	0.87 (0.01)	0.91 (0.01)	0.94 (0.01)
	14–18 y	624	0.81 (0.00)	0.72 (0.01)	0.74 (0.01)	0.76 (0.00)	0.80 (0.01)	0.85 (0.01)	0.90 (0.01)	0.94 (0.01)

NOTES: CHMS = Canadian Health Measures Survey; cm = centimeter; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year. All results are reported in metric units. All body measurement results are based on CHMS cycles 3 (2012–2013), 4 (2014–2015), 5 (2016–2017), and 6 (2018–2019). The population for all cycles was 3 to 79 years of age. The results from pregnant (adolescents and women) were excluded. Current breastfeeding status was not asked in the questionnaire for CHMS. BMI status was determined only in those with both valid measured height and weight. Waist–hip ratio was determined only in those with both valid measured waist and hip circumference; hip circumference was not measured in cycles 5 and 6. BMI status in children 18 and under were determined using CDC percentiles. All results use survey weights to obtain estimates for the Canadian population and bootstrap weights to obtain standard errors and are combined between the four cycles according to the documentation from Statistics Canada.

Page 495 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-7 Body Measurement Summary Statistics, Men 19 Years of Age and Older, CHMS, 2012–2019

Measure	Age (y)	n	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	5th (SE)	10th (SE)	25th (SE)	50th (SE)	75th (SE)	90th (SE)	95th (SE)
Body mass index (calculated as kg/m²)	19–30	952	26.1 (0.3)	19.6 (0.3)	20.5 (0.2)	22.5 (0.2)	25.0 (0.3)	29.0 (0.5)	32.6 (0.8)	37.5 (1.3)
	31–50	2,826	27.8 (0.3)	20.6 (0.2)	21.9 (0.3)	24.3 (0.2)	26.8 (0.2)	30.6 (0.3)	34.3 (0.6)	38.0 (0.9)
	51–70	2,126	28.4 (0.2)	21.9 (0.3)	23.3 (0.2)	25.0 (0.2)	27.8 (0.2)	30.8 (0.3)	34.1 (0.4)	37.1 (0.6)
	> 70	560	28.2 (0.2)	22.1 (0.5)	23.4 (0.3)	25.5 (0.2)	28.0 (0.3)	30.4 (0.4)	33.3 (0.6)	36.1 (0.8)
	19+	6,464	27.7 (0.1)	20.6 (0.1)	22.0 (0.2)	24.2 (0.1)	26.9 (0.1)	30.4 (0.2)	33.9 (0.3)	37.4 (0.5)
Weight (kg)	19–30	955	83.3 (1.1)	58.7 (1.0)	62.7 (1.0)	70.3 (1.0)	79.7 (1.2)	93.1 (1.5)	106.2 (2.2)	119.8 (4.4)
	31–50	2,828	87.0 (0.9)	62.3 (0.9)	66.6 (1.0)	75.4 (0.7)	84.0 (0.8)	96.9 (1.2)	109.1 (1.7)	117.8 (3.2)
	51–70	2,133	86.8 (0.6)	64.7 (0.7)	68.4 (0.6)	76.0 (0.6)	84.8 (0.8)	96.0 (0.9)	107.1 (1.1)	114.7 (2.0)
	> 70	565	83.3 (0.8)	63.5 (1.5)	66.3 (0.9)	73.4 (1.0)	81.9 (0.9)	91.1 (1.4)	101.5 (1.3)	106.4 (2.7)
	19+	6,481	85.9 (0.5)	62.2 (0.4)	66.6 (0.5)	74.0 (0.5)	83.2 (0.5)	95.7 (0.7)	107.4 (0.8)	116.9 (1.9)
Height (cm)	19–30	952	178.2 (0.5)	166.9 (1.0)	169.8 (0.7)	173.7 (0.5)	178.4 (0.5)	182.8 (0.5)	186.6 (0.6)	188.6 (1.0)
	31–50	2,827	176.6 (0.2)	165.5 (0.5)	167.8 (0.5)	172.5 (0.3)	176.4 (0.3)	180.9 (0.3)	185.4 (0.5)	188.2 (0.4)
	51–70	2,128	174.7 (0.3)	163.1 (0.5)	165.1 (0.5)	169.8 (0.4)	174.5 (0.4)	179.4 (0.4)	183.9 (0.6)	186.9 (0.7)
	> 70	561	171.7 (0.4)	160.1 (0.9)	163.4 (0.8)	167.6 (0.4)	171.5 (0.5)	176.6 (0.5)	179.3 (0.6)	182.4 (0.7)
	19+	6,468	176.0 (0.2)	163.8 (0.3)	166.7 (0.3)	171.4 (0.2)	175.9 (0.3)	180.7 (0.2)	185.1 (0.3)	187.8 (0.4)
Waist circumference (cm)	19–30	955	90.5 (1.0)	73.1 (0.9)	75.3 (0.5)	80.0 (0.6)	86.6 (1.0)	98.8 (1.5)	109.7 (1.9)	117.5 (4.2)
	31–50	2,827	97.2 (0.7)	75.0 (1.1)	80.5 (0.8)	87.7 (0.6)	95.3 (0.5)	104.5 (0.9)	115.8 (1.3)	122.5 (2.1)
	51–70	2,125	101.5 (0.5)	82.9 (0.6)	86.1 (0.5)	92.2 (0.6)	99.9 (0.5)	109.1 (0.5)	117.8 (1.2)	125.7 (1.4)
	> 70	557	103.1 (0.8)	84.6 (1.5)	88.9 (1.0)	94.3 (0.9)	101.4 (1.0)	111.0 (1.0)	118.4 (1.5)	125.1 (1.8)
	19+	6,464	97.6 (0.4)	76.3 (0.5)	80.1 (0.5)	87.3 (0.4)	96.2 (0.4)	105.9 (0.6)	115.8 (0.8)	123.6 (1.4)

Page 496 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Measure	Age (y)	n	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	5th (SE)	10th (SE)	25th (SE)	50th (SE)	75th (SE)	90th (SE)	95th (SE)
Waist–hip ratio	19–30	492	0.88 (0.01)	0.80 (0.01)	0.81 (0.00)	0.84 (0.00)	0.87 (0.01)	0.92 (0.01)	0.99 (0.02)	1.01 (0.01)
	31–50	1,369	0.94 (0.00)	0.82 (0.01)	0.85 (0.01)	0.89 (0.00)	0.94 (0.00)	0.99 (0.01)	1.03 (0.01)	1.05 (0.00)
	51–70	1,100	0.98 (0.00)	0.86 (0.01)	0.89 (0.01)	0.93 (0.00)	0.98 (0.00)	1.02 (0.01)	1.07 (0.01)	1.09 (0.01)
	> 70	262	1.00 (0.01)	0.90 (0.01)	0.92 (0.01)	0.96 (0.01)	1.00 (0.01)	1.04 (0.01)	1.08 (0.01)	1.10 (0.01)
	19+	3,223	0.95 (0.00)	0.82 (0.00)	0.84 (0.00)	0.89 (0.00)	0.95 (0.00)	1.00 (0.00)	1.04 (0.00)	1.07 (0.00)

NOTES: CHMS = Canadian Health Measures Survey; cm = centimeter; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year. All results are reported in metric units. All body measurement results are based on CHMS cycles 3 (2012–2013), 4 (2014–2015), 5 (2016–2017), and 6 (2018–2019). The population for all cycles was 3 to 79 years of age. BMI status was determined only in those with both valid measured height and weight. Waist–hip ratio was determined only in those with both valid measured waist and hip circumference; hip circumference was not measured in cycles 5 and 6. All results use survey weights to obtain estimates for the Canadian population and bootstrap weights to obtain standard errors and are combined between the four cycles according to the documentation from Statistics Canada.

Page 497 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-8 Body Measurement Summary Statistics, Women 19 Years of Age and Older, CHMS, 2012–2019

Measure	Age (y)	n	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	5th (SE)	10th (SE)	25th (SE)	50th (SE)	75th (SE)	90th (SE)	95th (SE)
Body mass index (calculated as kg/m²)	19–30	948	25.6 (0.4)	18.2 (0.5)	19.4 (0.3)	21.5 (0.3)	23.8 (0.4)	28.2 (0.7)	34.6 (1.1)	38.7 (1.0)
	31–50	2,768	27.1 (0.3)	18.9 (0.3)	20.2 (0.3)	22.2 (0.2)	25.4 (0.3)	30.1 (0.5)	36.8 (0.7)	41.1 (1.3)
	51–70	2,058	28.0 (0.3)	19.8 (0.2)	21.0 (0.2)	23.4 (0.2)	27.0 (0.3)	31.5 (0.4)	36.7 (0.5)	40.0 (0.8)
	> 70	671	27.7 (0.3)	20.1 (0.5)	21.8 (0.5)	24.3 (0.3)	27.0 (0.3)	30.1 (0.4)	33.9 (0.6)	36.5 (0.7)
	19+	6,445	27.1 (0.2)	19.3 (0.2)	20.3 (0.2)	22.4 (0.2)	25.8 (0.3)	30.4 (0.4)	36.1 (0.5)	40.0 (0.6)
Weight (kg)	19–30	949	69.0 (1.2)	45.4 (1.3)	50.6 (1.4)	57.7 (0.9)	65.0 (1.2)	75.0 (1.6)	94.7 (3.7)	111.9 (3.4)
	31–50	2,771	72.6 (0.9)	50.1 (0.7)	53.7 (0.6)	58.8 (0.8)	68.2 (0.6)	81.7 (1.2)	98.7 (2.7)	113.7 (3.0)
	51–70	2,064	72.3 (0.7)	49.8 (0.8)	53.7 (0.6)	59.9 (0.6)	69.0 (0.7)	81.6 (1.1)	95.0 (1.2)	103.4 (2.0)
	> 70	676	69.3 (0.8)	48.7 (1.2)	53.8 (1.3)	60.3 (0.8)	68.3 (0.7)	75.8 (1.1)	85.6 (1.6)	93.4 (1.7)
	19+	6,460	71.6 (0.7)	48.9 (0.6)	53.1 (0.5)	58.8 (0.5)	68.1 (0.6)	80.1 (0.9)	95.5 (1.3)	110.0 (2.1)
Height (cm)	19–30	948	164.0 (0.5)	151.6 (1.6)	155.7 (1.0)	158.9 (0.6)	163.4 (0.5)	169.0 (0.7)	173.1 (0.6)	175.0 (1.6)
	31–50	2,768	163.7 (0.3)	153.3 (0.6)	155.5 (0.3)	159.0 (0.4)	163.2 (0.3)	168.1 (0.4)	172.2 (0.5)	175.1 (0.5)
	51–70	2,065	160.6 (0.3)	149.7 (0.7)	152.4 (0.4)	156.3 (0.3)	160.4 (0.4)	165.1 (0.4)	169.2 (0.4)	171.5 (0.4)
	> 70	671	158.1 (0.3)	148.0 (0.7)	150.3 (0.7)	154.2 (0.5)	157.8 (0.4)	162.1 (0.4)	166.1 (0.4)	168.4 (0.5)
	19+	6,452	162.3 (0.2)	150.9 (0.3)	153.7 (0.3)	157.5 (0.2)	162.1 (0.3)	166.9 (0.3)	171.3 (0.3)	174.1 (0.4)
Waist circumference (cm)	19–30	944	84.6 (1.0)	65.8 (1.3)	69.3 (1.1)	73.9 (0.6)	79.7 (1.3)	91.3 (1.6)	106.9 (2.9)	116.9 (3.0)
	31–50	2,765	90.1 (0.9)	69.8 (0.5)	72.9 (0.4)	78.2 (0.7)	86.4 (0.8)	98.1 (1.2)	112.1 (2.0)	123.2 (2.9)
	51–70	2,067	94.1 (0.6)	72.9 (0.7)	76.0 (0.5)	82.4 (0.7)	92.4 (0.7)	103.6 (0.9)	113.9 (1.0)	121.4 (1.2)
	> 70	672	94.2 (0.7)	74.1 (1.1)	78.0 (1.4)	85.7 (1.1)	93.2 (0.7)	101.1 (0.8)	111.0 (1.3)	117.0 (1.1)
	19+	6,448	90.7 (0.6)	69.9 (0.5)	73.1 (0.3)	78.4 (0.6)	87.9 (0.7)	100.0 (0.9)	112.4 (0.9)	121.1 (1.3)

Page 498 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Measure	Age (y)	n	Percentiles
Measure	Age (y)	n	Mean (SE)	5th (SE)	10th (SE)	25th (SE)	50th (SE)	75th (SE)	90th (SE)	95th (SE)
Waist–hip ratio	19–30	516	0.83 (0.01)	0.74 (0.02)	0.74 (0.01)	0.78 (0.01)	0.82 (0.01)	0.88 (0.01)	0.93 (0.01)	0.97 (0.01)
	31–50	1,352	0.87 (0.00)	0.76 (0.01)	0.78 (0.01)	0.82 (0.00)	0.87 (0.01)	0.91 (0.00)	0.95 (0.01)	0.98 (0.01)
	51–70	1,034	0.89 (0.00)	0.77 (0.00)	0.80 (0.00)	0.84 (0.00)	0.88 (0.00)	0.93 (0.00)	0.97 (0.00)	0.99 (0.01)
	> 70	345	0.89 (0.00)	0.78 (0.01)	0.81 (0.01)	0.85 (0.01)	0.89 (0.00)	0.94 (0.00)	0.97 (0.01)	1.00 (0.01)
	19+	3,247	0.87 (0.00)	0.75 (0.00)	0.78 (0.00)	0.82 (0.00)	0.87 (0.00)	0.92 (0.00)	0.96 (0.00)	0.99 (0.00)

NOTES: CHMS = Canadian Health Measures Survey; cm = centimeter; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year. All results are reported in metric units. All body measurement results are based on CHMS cycles 3 (2012–2013), 4 (2014–2015), 5 (2016–2017), and 6 (2018–2019). The population for all cycles was 3 to 79 years of age. The results from pregnant (adolescents and women) were excluded. Current breastfeeding status was not asked in the questionnaire for CHMS. BMI status was determined only in those with both valid measured height and weight. Waist–hip ratio was determined only in those with both valid measured waist and hip circumference; hip circumference was not measured in cycles 5 and 6. All results use survey weights to obtain estimates for the Canadian population and bootstrap weights to obtain standard errors, and are combined between the four cycles according to the documentation from Statistics Canada.

Page 499 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-9 Population Prevalence of Weight Categories, Children, NHANES, 2015–2018

Age	Sex	Underweight	SE	Normal	SE	Overweight	SE	Obesity	SE
2–3 y	M	3.0	1.0	68.6	3.5	14.9	2.6	13.5	2.3
2–3 y	F	*		76.2	2.5	13.8	2.1	6.9	0.9
4–8 y	M	3.5	1.0	64.2	2.2	15.2	1.2	17.1	1.7
4–8 y	F	3.2	0.8	64.2	2.0	14.5	1.2	18.2	1.7
9–13 y	M	3.3	1.1	58.2	1.9	15.1	1.3	23.4	1.8
9–13 y	F	2.5	0.6	59.9	1.9	18.9	1.7	18.7	1.6
14–18 y	M	6.3	1.8	57.0	2.4	15.8	1.3	20.8	1.9
14–18 y	F	2.5	0.8	57.4	2.4	20.6	1.6	19.5	1.6

NOTES: F = female; M = male; SE = standard error; y = year. Pregnant and lactating adolescents excluded. Underweight: < 5th percentile of body mass index (BMI) for age; normal weight: 5th percentile to < 85th percentile; overweight: 85th percentile to < 95th percentile; obesity: 95th percentile and above (CDC).

*Estimate does not meet National Center for Health Statistics standards of reliability; see Series Report 2, Number 175 ([https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/series/sr_02/sr02_175.pdf).

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018.

Page 500 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-10a Population Prevalence of Weight Categories, Children, CHMS, 2012–2019

Age	Sex	Underweight (SE)	Normal (SE)	Overweight (SE)	Obese (SE)
3 y	M	4.8* (1.7)	72.7 (3.8)	14.7* (3.3)	7.8* (2.9)
3 y	F	3.3* (1.0)	72.3 (3.9)	16.8* (3.4)	7.6* (2.3)
4–8 y	M	6.3* (1.1)	74.1 (1.9)	10.5 (1.1)	9.1 (1.3)
4–8 y	F	3.5 (0.5)	74.5 (1.6)	12.9 (1.5)	9.0 (0.9)
9–13 y	M	4.0* (0.8)	69.1 (2.1)	15.9 (1.4)	11.0 (1.3)
9–13 y	F	4.7* (0.9)	71.3 (2.0)	15.1 (1.8)	8.9 (1.1)
14–18 y	M	5.0*(0.9)	62.9(2.6)	13.7(1.7)	18.4(2.4)
14–18 y	F	3.6*(1.2)	73.2(1.7)	13.2(1.5)	10.0(1.1)

NOTES: CHMS = Canadian Health Measures Survey; F = female; M = male; SE = standard error; y = year. All results are reported in metric units. Underweight: < 5th percentile of BMI for age; normal weight: 5th percentile to < 85th percentile; overweight: 85th percentile to < 95th percentile; obese: 95th percentile and above (CDC). All body measurement results are based on CHMS cycles 3 (2012–2013), 4 (2014–2015), 5 (2016–2017), and 6 (2018–2019). The population for all cycles was 3 to 79 years of age. The results from pregnant (adolescents and women) were excluded. Current breastfeeding status was not asked in the questionnaire for CHMS. BMI status was determined only in those with both valid measured height and weight. Waist–hip ratio was determined only in those with both valid measured waist and hip circumference; hip circumference was not measured in cycles 5 and 6. BMI status in children 18 and under were determined using CDC percentiles. All results use survey weights to obtain estimates for the Canadian population and bootstrap weights to obtain standard errors and are combined between the four cycles according to the documentation from Statistics Canada.

*Data with a coefficient of variation from 16.6% or higher; interpret with caution.

Page 501 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-10b Population Prevalence of Weight Categories, Children, WHO Criteria, CHMS, 2012–2019

Age	Sex	Thinness (SE)	Normal (SE)	At Risk of Overweight (SE)	Overweight (SE)	Obese (SE)
3 y	M		70.7 (4.5)	22.2 (3.3)	**	< 3***
3 y	F		73.3 (4.2)	19.8* (3.6)	**	**
4–5 y	M		72.4 (3.7)	19.3* (3.4)	4.3* (1.2)	**
4–5 y	F		78.9 (3.3)	17.0* (3.2)	< 3***	**
5–8 y	M	F	75.5 (2.6)		12.6 (1.4)	9.1 (1.4)
5–8 y	F	< 3***	74.3 (1.9)		16.6 (1.7)	8.4 (1.0)
9–13 y	M	2.2* (0.7)	64.0 (2.0)		20.5 (1.4)	13.4 (1.2)
9–13 y	F	2.4* (0.5)	67.7 (2.4)		20.2 (2.1)	9.7 (1.1)
14–18 y	M	2.4* (0.6)	61.9 (2.4)		18.0 (1.8)	17.6 (2.4)
14–18 y	F	**	70.3 (1.9)		17.3 (1.8)	10.8 (1.1)

NOTES: CHMS = Canadian Health Measures Survey; F = female; M = male; SD = standard deviation; SE = standard error; WHO = World Health Organization; y = year. Excludes pregnant adolescents. WHO criteria 61 months to 227 months. ≤ 2 SD below the mean = thinness; > 22SD below the mean and ≤ 1 SD above the mean = normal; greater than 1SD and ≤ 2 SD above the mean = overweight; > 2 SD above the mean = obesity.

*Data with a coefficient of variation from 16.6% or higher; interpret with caution.

**Data with a coefficient of variation greater than 33.3% with a 95% confidence interval not entirely between 0 and 3%; suppressed due to extreme sampling variability.

***Data with a coefficient of variation greater than 33.3% with a 95% confidence interval entirely between 0 and 3%; interpret with caution.

Page 502 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-11 Population Prevalence of Weight Categories and Abdominal Obesity, Adults, NHANES, 2015–2018

Age	Sex	Under weight	SE	Normal	SE	Over weight	SE	All Obesity
19–30 y	M	3.3	0.7	37.3	2.2	26.9	2.3	32.5
19–30 y	F	3.8	0.8	38.8	2.6	23.4	1.9	34.1
31–50 y	M	0.51	0.11	18.1	1.4	37.6	2.0	43.7
31–50 y	F	1.1	0.3	28.4	2.0	27.1	1.6	43.4
51–70 y	M	0.77	0.28	19.7	1.9	36.9	2.0	42.6
51–70 y	F	1.6	0.5	24.8	1.6	28.2	1.8	45.4
> 70 y	M	0.88	0.38	21.0	1.7	41.4	2.0	36.7
> 70 y	F	0.77	0.31	25.8	1.8	34.3	1.7	39.1
19+ y	M	1.2	0.2	23.2	1.1	35.4	1.2	40.2
19+ y	F	1.8	0.2	28.8	1.2	27.8	0.7	41.7

NOTES: F = female; M = male; SE = standard error; y = year. Underweight: BMI < 18.5; normal weight: BMI 18.5 to < 25; overweight: BMI 25.0 to < 30; obesity: BMI ≥ 30.0; obesity class I: BMI 30 to < 35; obesity class II: BMI 35 to < 40; obesity class III: BMI ≥ 40 (CDC). Waist circumference > 102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women. Pregnant and lactating women excluded.

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018.

Page 503 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

SE	Obesity Class I	SE	Obesity Class II	SE	Obesity Class III	SE	Abdominal Obesity	SE
3.1	19.8	2.2	7.8	1.2	4.9	0.8	30.6	2.9
2.3	15.1	1.3	9.9	1.7	9.1	1.1	50.9	2.3
2.2	24.6	1.6	11.0	1.1	8.1	0.9	48.3	2.2
1.6	19.2	1.0	10.9	0.9	13.3	1.4	67.9	1.7
2.3	26.1	2.4	10.6	1.3	5.9	0.8	57.3	2.3
2.1	21.9	1.6	13.2	1.1	10.2	1.1	76.3	2.1
2.7	25.6	2.1	8.6	1.8	2.5	0.8	62.7	2.7
1.8	23.6	2.4	10.3	1.5	5.2	1.0	80.1	1.9
1.8	24.2	1.4	9.9	0.6	6.1	0.6	48.7	1.7
1.4	19.9	0.8	11.4	0.7	10.3	0.7	69.1	1.4

Page 504 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-12 Population Prevalence of Weight Categories and Abdominal Obesity, Adults, CHMS, 2012–2019

Age	Sex	Underweight (SE)	Normal (SE)	Overweight (SE)
19–30 y	M	2.2* (0.8)	47.6 (2.7)	31.1 (2.1)
19–30 y	F	5.4* (1.5)	52.6 (3.1)	23.3 (2.4)
31–50 y	M	0.8* (0.3)	30.0 (1.9)	40.0 (1.9)
31–50 y	F	3.1* (0.8)	42.7 (2.2)	29.1 (1.8)
51–70 y	M	0.2* (0.1)	24.4 (1.5)	45.2 (1.8)
51–70 y	F	1.5* (0.6)	35.4 (1.9)	32.4 (1.6)
> 70 y	M	**	20.2 (2.5)	50.9 (3.3)
> 70 y	F	1.3* (0.4)	28.0 (3.0)	44.6 (3.3)
19+ y	M	0.9* (0.2)	31.1 (1.0)	40.6 (1.2)
19+ y	F	2.9* (0.5)	41.1 (1.6)	30.2 (1.1)

NOTES: CHMS = Canadian Health Measures Survey; F = female; M = male; SE = standard error; y = year. All results are reported in metric units. Underweight: BMI < 18.5; normal weight: BMI 18.5 to <25; overweight: BMI 25.0 to <30; obesity: BMI ≥ 30.0; obesity class I: BMI 30 to < 35; obesity class II: BMI 35 to < 40; obesity class III: BMI ≥ 40 (CDC). Waist circumference >102 cm for men and > 88 cm for women. All body measurement results are based on CHMS cycles 3 (2012–2013), 4 (2014–2015), 5 (2016–2017), and 6 (2018–2019). The population for all cycles was 3 to 79 years of age. The results from pregnant (adolescents and women) were excluded. Current breastfeeding status was not asked in the questionnaire for CHMS. BMI status was determined only in those with both valid measured height and weight. All results use survey weights to obtain estimates for the Canadian population and bootstrap weights to obtain standard errors and are combined between the four cycles according to the documentation from Statistics Canada.

*Data with a coefficient of variation (CV) 16.6% or higher; interpret with caution.

**Results are not reported in cells with responses from fewer than 5 unweighted respondents. Percentiles with fewer than 5 observations on either side of the percentile are also not reported.

Page 505 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

All Obesity (SE)	Obesity Class I (SE)	Obesity Class II (SE)	Obesity Class III (SE)	Abdominal Obesity (SE)
19.0 (2.0)	12.3* (2.2)	3.4* (1.1)	3.4* (1.0)	18.8 (2.5)
18.7 (2.3)	9.5* (1.7)	5.0* (1.3)	4.2* (1.1)	31.4 (2.9)
29.3 (2.2)	20.0 (1.6)	6.3 (0.9)	3.0* (0.9)	31.3 (2.2)
25.1 (1.9)	12.1 (1.3)	7.2 (1.1)	5.8* (1.1)	46.2 (2.4)
30.2 (1.8)	22.1 (1.6)	5.7E (1.0)	2.4* (0.5)	44.0 (1.9)
30.7 (1.8)	16.7 (1.2)	9.1 (1.4)	4.8 (0.7)	60.4 (1.8)
28.4 (2.8)	21.8 (2.7)	4.9 (0.8)	1.7* (0.6)	47.8 (3.1)
26.0 (2.6)	18.7 (2.3)	5.1* (1.1)	2.2* (0.6)	68.5 (2.9)
27.4 (1.3)	19.2 (1.1)	5.4 (0.6)	2.8* (0.5)	34.1 (1.4)
25.9 (1.4)	13.7 (0.8)	7.3 (0.8)	4.9 (0.5)	49.9 (1.7)

Page 506 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-13 Body Composition Summary Statistics, Boys and Men, 8–59 years, NHANES, 2015–2018

Measure	Age	N	Mean	SE
Total body fat mass (kg)	8 y	176	9.5	0.4
	9–13 y	751	14.4	0.4
	14–18 y	637	17.6	0.6
	19–30 y	806	22.5	0.5
	31–50 y	1,191	25.9	0.4
	51–59 y	554	25.2	0.6
	19–59 y	2,551	24.7	0.3
Percent body fat (%)	8 y	176	28.1	0.6
	9–13 y	751	29.0	0.4
	14–18 y	637	23.5	0.5
	19–30 y	806	25.5	0.3
	31–50 y	1,191	27.8	0.2
	51–59 y	554	27.9	0.4
	19–59 y	2,551	27.1	0.2
Lean mass index	8 y	175	12.8	0.1
	9–13 y	749	14.4	0.1
	14–18 y	636	17.8	0.2
	19–30 y	803	20.1	0.2
	31–50 y	1,186	21.1	0.1
	51–59 y	553	20.8	0.2
	19–59 y	2,542	20.8	0.1
Fat mass index	19–30 y	803	7.4	0.2
	31–50 y	1,186	8.5	0.1
	51–59 y	553	8.3	0.2
	19–59 y	2,542	8.1	0.1
Visceral adipose tissue mass (g)	8 y	184	192.8	6.0
	9–13 y	777	235.3	5.1
	14–18 y	697	247.9	5.4
	19–30 y	904	358.7	9.7
	31–50 y	1,405	570.7	10.6
	51–59 y	659	733.1	17.0
	19–59 y	2,968	540.6	9.4

NOTES: g = gram; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year. Includes dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) data. Fat mass index calculated as fat mass/height² and lean mass index as lean mass (including bone mineral content)/height².
SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018.

Page 507 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Percentiles
5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
4.5	4.9	5.7	7.7	12.4	16.7	20.2
5.9	6.6	8.1	11.3	18.1	26.7	32.2
8.0	8.5	10.3	13.4	21.0	32.8	41.1
9.1	10.4	13.7	20.1	28.4	36.7	45.7
12.4	15.1	19.4	24.4	30.7	39.5	45.5
11.5	14.9	19.1	24.4	29.3	36.6	44.4
10.6	12.6	17.6	23.5	29.9	38.5	45.6
18.8	19.5	22.7	26.6	32.1	39.2	40.7
17.7	18.9	21.9	27.5	35.8	40.5	42.5
14.6	15.5	17.3	21.1	28.5	34.7	38.9
14.8	15.9	19.8	25.0	31.0	35.4	37.0
18.0	20.7	24.3	27.6	31.3	34.9	37.4
17.5	21.2	24.5	28.1	31.2	34.1	36.5
15.9	18.6	22.9	27.1	31.2	35.0	37.1
10.8	11.0	11.7	12.6	13.7	14.7	15.2
11.5	11.7	12.7	14.0	15.7	17.3	18.5
13.5	14.5	16.0	17.4	19.3	21.5	23.2
15.4	16.2	17.9	19.8	22.0	23.9	25.4
16.9	17.6	19.0	20.8	22.9	24.7	26.6
16.9	17.4	18.7	20.4	22.6	24.5	26.0
16.2	17.1	18.6	20.5	22.6	24.4	26.1
2.9	3.4	4.5	6.5	9.5	12.1	14.7
4.1	4.8	6.4	8.0	10.0	12.5	14.7
3.8	4.7	6.4	7.9	9.5	11.9	13.9
3.5	4.1	5.8	7.6	9.8	12.3	14.6
125.6	132.3	142.0	174.0	217.8	287.4	317.3
132.4	143.7	164.4	197.0	280.5	374.2	448.3
149.1	161.6	178.4	209.7	274.4	390.1	472.2
175.0	187.6	220.8	289.2	446.4	632.3	761.8
226.5	265.0	375.0	540.9	724.5	897.5	1043.7
287.7	363.0	500.3	696.8	939.1	1104.0	1290.7
193.9	220.9	306.8	486.8	712.5	933.6	1072.8

Page 508 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-14 Body Composition Summary Statistics, Girls and Women, 8–59 years, NHANES, 2015–2018

Measure	Age	N	Mean	SE
Total body fat mass (kg)	8 y	139	10.9	0.5
	9–13 y	703	15.6	0.4
	14–18 y	598	23.2	0.5
	19–30 y	749	28.0	0.9
	31–50 y	1,278	31.8	0.5
	51–59 y	610	31.8	0.7
	19–59 y	2,637	30.7	0.5
Percent body fat (%)	8 y	139	32.8	0.7
	9–13 y	703	32.4	0.3
	14–18 y	598	34.7	0.4
	19–30 y	749	36.7	0.5
	31–50 y	1,278	38.9	0.3
	51–59 y	610	40.3	0.3
	19–59 y	2,637	38.6	0.3
Lean mass index	8 y	139	12.3	0.2
	9–13 y	700	13.7	0.1
	14–18 y	598	15.8	0.1
	19–30 y	748	17.2	0.2
	31–50 y	1,276	18.0	0.1
	51–59 y	608	17.4	0.2
	19–59 y	2,632	17.6	0.1
Fat mass index	19–30 y	748	10.6	0.3
	31–50 y	1,276	12.1	0.2
	51–59 y	608	12.2	0.3
	19–59 y	2,632	11.7	0.2
Visceral adipose tissue mass (g)	8 y	155	133.6	10.7
	9–13 y	778	169.4	5.8
	14–18 y	631	218.2	8.6
	19–30 y	807	322.4	12.2
	31–50 y	1,392	488.0	13.1
	51–59 y	686	596.8	18.8
	19–59 y	2,885	470.1	11.0

NOTES: g = gram; kg = kilogram; m = meter; mo = month; SE = standard error; y = year. Includes dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) data. Fat mass index calculated as fat mass/height² and lean mass index as lean mass (including bone mineral content)/height². Excludes pregnant and lactating adolescents and women.

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018.

Page 509 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Percentiles
5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
4.9	5.7	7.3	9.2	13.8	17.9	19.7
6.9	7.9	9.5	13.5	20.1	26.3	31.9
11.7	13.1	16.5	20.9	28.1	37.3	43.2
12.8	14.5	18.2	25.9	35.4	45.0	51.5
15.1	17.4	22.7	29.7	39.0	49.8	56.3
15.1	18.6	23.9	30.4	37.5	46.0	55.2
14.3	16.2	21.2	29.0	37.6	47.6	55.4
21.9	23.6	27.8	31.7	37.9	41.5	43.4
21.9	24.1	27.3	31.9	37.4	41.7	43.9
24.2	26.4	29.8	34.1	39.8	43.4	45.8
24.4	26.5	31.0	37.5	41.8	45.8	47.4
26.9	29.6	35.1	39.6	43.4	46.5	48.3
29.5	32.1	36.8	41.3	44.3	46.9	48.4
26.2	29.0	34.5	39.5	43.3	46.4	48.2
10.1	10.4	11.0	12.1	13.2	14.2	15.5
11.0	11.3	12.0	13.3	15.1	16.9	17.6
12.6	13.0	14.0	15.4	17.1	18.8	20.1
13.1	13.8	15.0	16.6	19.0	21.4	22.8
13.9	14.4	15.6	17.3	19.8	22.4	23.8
13.3	13.7	15.1	16.9	19.0	21.5	23.2
13.5	14.1	15.3	17.0	19.3	21.9	23.3
4.8	5.4	6.7	9.9	13.5	17.2	19.0
5.7	6.5	8.4	11.3	14.6	18.8	20.8
6.0	7.0	9.1	11.7	14.8	17.5	20.6
5.4	6.1	8.1	11.0	14.3	18.1	20.5
33.4	46.2	65.8	85.8	158.0	283.5	359.2
36.6	60.5	87.6	129.2	230.1	333.1	418.1
68.2	85.9	118.0	177.5	281.2	402.5	494.0
87.7	101.6	151.5	267.6	427.7	588.8	727.6
138.9	173.7	275.1	431.9	635.1	884.8	1029.8
151.5	212.8	367.7	577.5	786.9	966.5	1131.9
110.2	142.8	244.5	413.3	631.3	856.0	1019.0

Page 510 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

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TABLE L-15 Population Prevalence of Intentional Weight Loss by Weight Category, Children, NHANES, 2015–2018

Trying to Lose Weight Currently or in the Past Year (%)
Age	Sex	Overall	SE	Underweight	SE
8 y	M	^a		^a
8 y	F	^a		^a
9–13 y	M	53.1	2.6	^a
9–13 y	F	53.7	2.3	^a
14–18 y	M	33.3	2.2	b
14–18 y	F	47	2.2	^a

NOTES: F = female; M = male; SE = standard error; y = year. Underweight: < 5th percentile of BMI for age; normal weight: 5th percentile to < 85th percentile; overweight: 85th percentile to < 95th percentile; obesity: 95th percentile and above (CDC). Excludes pregnant and lactating adolescents.

^a Sample size < 30.

^b Does not meet NCHS presentation standards.

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018.

TABLE L-16 Population Prevalence of Intentional Weight Loss by Weight Category, Adults, NHANES, 2015–2018

Trying to Lose Weight Currently or in the Past Year (%)
Age	Sex	Overall	SE	Underweight	SE	Normal Weight	SE
19–30 y	M	27.2	2.1	b		7.4	1.8
19–30 y	F	42.3	1.3	^b		29	2.3
31–50 y	M	34.7	2.3	^a		13	3.3
31–50 y	F	42.9	1.6	a		27.4	3.4
51–70 y	M	31.5	2.1	a		^b
51–70 y	F	45.4	1.9	^a		31.3	4.2
> 70 y	M	25.8	2	^a		2.5	1
> 70 y	F	29.4	2.4	^a		^b
19+ y	M	31	1.1	^b		9.5	1.5
19+ y	F	41.6	1	^b		26.6	1.6

NOTE: F = female; M = male; SE = standard error; y = year. Underweight: BMI < 18.5; normal weight: BMI 18.5 to < 25; overweight: BMI 25.0 to < 30; obesity: BMI ≥ 30.0; obesity class I: BMI 30 to < 35; obesity class II: BMI 35 to < 40; obesity class III: BMI ≥ 40 (CDC).

^a Sample size < 30.

^b Does not meet NCHS presentation standards.

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018.

Page 511 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×


Normal	SE	Overweight	SE	Obesity	SE
^a		^a		^a
^a		^a		^a
38.9	3.4	72.8	3.7	82.2	3.2
37	3.2	73.8	5.2	91.7	2.2
16.8	1.9	55.3	6.5	69.7	4.1
33.7	2.5	59.9	4.7	78.3	3.2


Overweight	SE	All Obesity	SE	Obesity Class I	SE	Obesity Class II	SE	Obesity Class III	SE
34.6	3.8	46.5	4	42.8	4	^b		^b
48.5	4.4	57.9	2.9	59.5	3.9	53.6	5.1	60.2	5.9
37.1	2.8	41.9	3.3	33.9	3.6	47.3	5.2	59.2	6
48.7	3.4	50.6	2	43.1	3.3	52.8	3.7	59.7	3.2
27.4	3.4	44.8	3.1	42.9	3.6	^b		56.2	5.1
50.6	3.2	51.6	3.1	49.3	3.3	53.9	5.3	53.5	6.4
22.3	2.6	43.6	3.7	41.9	4.3	^b		^a
35.1	3.3	38.1	3.8	33.6	5.7	^b		^b
31.5	1.5	43.9	1.9	39.6	2.3	46.2	4.6	57.4	3.6
46.8	2	50.4	1.7	46.1	1.9	52.7	2.8	56.1	2.6

Page 512 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

TABLE L-17 Population Prevalence of Intentional Weight Loss of 10 Pounds or More, Adults, NHANES, 2015–2018

Age	Sex	Times Lost Weight	Overall	SE	Underweight	Normal Weight	SE
19–30 y	M	0	52.9	2.4	^b	79.6	2.4
		1 to 2	28.5	2.1	^b	15.5	2.3
		3 to 5	12.9	2	^b	3	0.8
		6 to 10	2.5	0.6	^b	0.5	0.4
		11+	3.2	0.7	^b	1.3	0.8
	F	0	45.7	2.1	^b	66	2.6
		1 to 2	35.6	2	^b	28	2.6
		3 to 5	13.3	1.5	^b	5.9	1.5
		6 to 10	3.8	0.9	^b	0.1	0.1
		11+	1.6	0.6	^b	^b
31–50 y	M	0	43.4	1.9	^a	77.1	3
		1 to 2	27.6	1.8	^a	16.6	2.7
		3 to 5	16.7	1.7	^a	^b
		6 to 10	5.5	1	^a	0.8	0.4
		11+	6.8	0.8	^a	1.5	1
	F	0	29.5	1.9	^a	48.9	4
		1 to 2	33.3	1.8	^a	27.3	3
		3 to 5	23.6	1.4	^a	21.1	3.1
		6 to 10	7.8	0.7	^a	1.7	0.7
		11+	5.9	1	^a	1.1	0.9
51–70 y	M	0	44.1	1.9	^a	79.8	3.9
		1 to 2	24.3	1.8	^a	9.7	2.3
		3 to 5	17.7	1.7	^a	^b
		6 to 10	5.9	1.2	^a	^b
		11+	8	1.2	^a	^b
	F	0	29.6	1.8	^a	50.2	3.7
		1 to 2	29	1.6	^a	28.6	3.4
		3 to 5	20.9	1.5	^a	15.1	3
		6 to 10	10.1	1	^a	1.7	0.8
		11+	10.4	1.2	^a	^b

Page 513 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Overweight	SE	All Obesity	SE	Obesity Class I	SE	Obesity Class II	SE	Obesity Class III	SE
45.8	5.4	23.2	2.9	28.1	4.2	15.6	3.3	^b
38	5.5	38.4	3.8	38.5	4.4	32.9	6.1	^b
^b		25.9	3.7	24.5	4.4	33	6.3	^b
1.5	0.9	^b		^b		^b		^b
2.1	0.8	6.7	1.5	^b		^b		^b
38.4	4.9	21.1	2.4	24	3.7	16.5	3.5	21.4	21.4
37.7	4.5	47	3.4	53.8	4	58.6	5.3	22.3	4.8
15.3	3.2	22.1	2.5	15.6	3.2	^b		41.5	6.7
^b		8	1.9	^b		^b		^b
^b		1.8	0.7	^b		^b		^b
52.3	3.5	21.1	2	28.1	3.1	14.8	3.1	^b
25.3	2.4	34.5	2.6	38.2	3.1	34	5.3	23.9	4.7
14.1	2.1	24.5	3	20.3	2.9	27.1	5.7	33.4	5.8
3.3	1	9.4	2	5.3	1.3	^b		^b
5	1.4	10.6	1.5	8.1	2	14	3.5	13.2	3.2
27	3.4	16.5	1.7	16.5	1.7	17.9	3.1	9	1.9
37.6	2.7	35.1	2.6	40	4.4	31.9	4.2	30.5	3.8
23.9	3	25.7	2	20.1	1.8	29.9	4.9	30.4	4
6.8	1.8	12.7	1.2	12.9	2.5	13.2	3.8	12	1.8
^b		10	1.6	^b		^b		18.1	3.7
48.7	2.4	22.7	2.3	27.7	2.6	^b		^b
25.6	3.3	30.4	2.1	33.9	2.6	23.6	4	^b
14.1	2.5	26.4	2.7	21.6	3.2	35.2	6.3	^b
6.8	1.7	7.1	1.8	^b		^b		10.6	2.8
4.8	1.4	13.5	2.2	^b		20.6	5.8	20.4	5.3
29	3	17.3	1.9	23.2	3.3	11.2	2	^b
38.4	3.8	24.1	1.9	26.9	2.8	23.6	3.6	18.6	3.9
18.5	3.1	25.5	2	23.7	2.5	27.6	4.8	26.6	4.3
9.5	2.2	15.4	1.8	8	2.1	23.4	4.5	21.2	5.5
^b		17.7	2.1	18.2	3.6	14.3	3.6	21.1	5.4

Page 514 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Age	Sex	Times Lost Weight	Overall	SE	Underweight	SE	Normal Weight	SE
> 70 y	M	0	52.5	2	^a		78	3.4
		1 to 2	24.7	1.8	^a		16.9	2.3
		3 to 5	13.7	1.6	^a		^b
		6 to 10	5.9	1.5	^a		^b
		11+	3.2	0.6	^a		^b
	F	0	41.6	2.1	^a		65.8	4.1
		1 to 2	25.1	2	^a		25.7	4
		3 to 5	15.4	1.7	^a		^b
		6 to 10	8.9	1.3	^a		^b
		11+	8.9	1.4	^a		^b
19+ y	M	0	46.8	1.3	99.2	0.8	78.8	1.7
		1 to 2	26.4	1	^b		14.4	1.5
		3 to 5	15.8	0.9	^b		4.1	0.8
		6 to 10	5	0.7	^b		1	0.5
		11+	6	0.5	^b		1.7	0.4
	F	0	34.5	1.3	^b		55.9	1.9
		1 to 2	31.2	1.2	^b		27.6	1.8
		3 to 5	19.5	0.8	^b		13.1	1.4
		6 to 10	7.9	0.5	^b		1.4	0.4
		11+	7	0.5	^b		2	0.7

NOTE: F = female; M = male; SE = standard error; y = year. Underweight: BMI < 18.5; normal weight: BMI 18.5 to < 25; overweight: BMI 25.0 to < 30; obesity: BMI ≥ 30.0; obesity class I: BMI 30 to < 35; obesity class II: BMI 35 to < 40; obesity class III: BMI ≥ 40 (CDC).

^a Sample size < 30.

^b Does not meet presentation standards.

SOURCE: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2015–2018.

Page 515 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

×

Overweight	SE	All Obesity	SE	Obesity Class I	SE	Obesity Class II	SE	Obesity Class III	SE
55.5	2.8	33.4	3	32.6	3.7	^b		^a
28.3	3.2	25.5	2.7	28.7	3.1	^b		^a
12.6	2.4	21.8	3.7	21.5	4.5	^b		^a
^b		12.9	3.2	^b		^b		^a
1.3	0.4	6.3	1.5	7.1	1.8	^b		^a
42.3	3.2	25	3.4	28.5	5	23.6	6.5	^b
26.3	3.2	23.9	3.2	20.9	3.8	29.4	5.7	^b
13.8	2.7	24.7	3	24	4	28	6.6	^b
8.5	2.1	13.4	2.2	13.5	2.7	^b		^b
9	2.4	12.9	2.6	13.1	3.5	^b		^b
50.5	2.1	23.3	1.4	28.5	1.9	17.8	2.6	11.6	2.4
27.9	1.8	32.9	1.4	35.6	1.6	28.8	2.4	28.6	3.6
13.6	1.4	25.1	1.7	21.7	1.8	30.7	3	29.5	4
4	0.8	8.4	1.3	6.6	1.5	7.9	2.1	16.4	3.5
3.9	0.8	10.4	1	7.7	1.3	14.8	3.3	13.9	2.4
32.3	1.8	18.7	1.1	23.6	1.9	15.9	1.5	12.5	1.7
35.9	1.8	31.5	1.4	34	2	33.1	2.2	24.8	2.2
18.9	1.5	24.9	1	21.4	1.5	26.1	2.5	30.4	2.3
7.6	1	13	0.8	10.1	1.4	15.6	2.3	15.7	2.4
5.4	0.9	11.8	0.8	10.9	1.3	9.2	1.5	16.6	2.3

Page 516 Cite

Suggested Citation:"Appendix L: National Survey Data from the United States and Canada." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26818.

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