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Suggested Citation:"Summary." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2022. Program Management Insights for the Section 5310 Program, Including Subrecipient Consolidation and Urban 5310. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26841.
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1 NATIONAL COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM RESEARCH RESULTS DIGEST C O N T E N T S Summary, 1 Chapter 1 Background, 2 1.1 Purpose of Research, 2 1.2 Research Scope of Work, 3 1.3 History of the Program, 3 1.4 Funding Context, 5 Chapter 2 Research Approach, 6 2.1 Literature Review, 6 2.2 Section 5310 State Management Plans, 7 2.3 Review of Research Documents, 13 2.4 Review of FTA Circular 9070.1G, 16 2.5 Relevance of Literature Review Findings, 17 Chapter 3 Survey and Interview Results, 17 3.1 Purpose, 17 3.2 Methods, 17 3.3 Summary of Responses Grouped by Question Set, 19 3.4 Survey Summary, 27 Chapter 4 Case Studies, 28 4.1 Introduction, 28 4.2 Comparison of Case Studies, 28 4.3 Program Subrecipients, 28 4.4 Case Study Findings, 29 4.5 State Program Management Case Studies, 32 4.6 Urbanized Area Program Management Case Studies, 39 Chapter 5 Conclusions and Observations, 43 Author Acknowledgments, 44 Abbreviations and Acronyms, 45 SUMMARY The FTA’s Enhanced Mobility of Seniors and Indi- viduals with Disabilities program, 49 U.S.C. 5310, provides formula funding to help private nonprofit groups meet the transportation needs of older adults and people with disabilities when existing transportation service is unavailable, insufficient, or inappropriate. Funding for this program has been available to states since 1975. Funds are appor- tioned based on each state’s share of the popula- tion of older people and people with disabilities. State departments of transportation (DOTs) are the direct recipients of Section 5310 funds for rural and small urban areas. Each state governor chooses the designated recipient for large urban areas. Eligible subrecipients in all areas include private nonprofit organizations, states, local government authorities, and operators of public transportation. In fiscal year (FY) 2021, the program was funded at approxi- mately $293 million. Research indicates some of the reasons behind how programs are managed today have roots in historical program guidance. The Section  5310 program was authorized in 1974 as a discretionary capital assistance program, with states initiating pro- grams in 1975. The FTA (then the Urban Mass Trans- portation Administration, UMTA) apportioned funds among the states by formula for distribution to local agencies, a practice made a statutory requirement by the 1991 ISTEA. Initially, many of the subrecipients used the vehicles primarily for transportation of their own clients. Funding for the program then ranged between $20 million and $35 million annually until the passage of ISTEA, when it nearly doubled and ISTEA introduced the eligibility of public agencies under limited circumstances and encouraged the coordination of human services transportation. Since ISTEA, FTA guidance and authorizing legislation has increasingly encouraged coordination of vehicles and resources. TEA-21, enacted in 1998, increased and authorized funding levels for the Section 5310 program but no other changes were made until SAFETEA-LU, which introduced the requirement for coordinated transportation plans. Each authoriza- tion leading up to SAFETEA-LU and each one after has impacted the way programs are managed and monitored. Challenges at the recipient or sub- recipient level with coordination and/or meeting the performance and state of good repair (SGR) Program Management Insights for the Section 5310 Program, Including Subrecipient Consolidation and Urban 5310 This digest summarizes the findings of NCHRP Project 20-65/Task 79, “Program Management Insights for the 5310 Program (Including Sub-Grantee Consolidation and Urban 5310).” This work was conducted to examine how Section 5310 funds are being programmed and to provide information on the tools, strategies, and opportunities that have demonstrated success in local areas. ICF was the contractor for this study; Catherine Duffy was the project director and principal investigator. The responsible senior program officers are Velvet Basemera-Fitzpatrick and Gwen Chisholm Smith; Waseem Dekelbab is the manager for NCHRP and Christopher J. Hedges is the director of CRP. This Research Results Digest is accompanied by two appendices, which are available on the National Academies Press website (nap.nationalacademies.org) by searching for NCHRP Research Results Digest 403. DECEMBER 2022 NCHRP RRD403

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The Federal Transit Administration’s Enhanced Mobility of Seniors and Individuals with Disabilities program (49 U.S.C. 5310) provides formula funding to help private nonprofit groups meet the transportation needs of older adults and people with disabilities when existing transportation service is unavailable, insufficient, or inappropriate.

The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Research Results Digest 403: Program Management Insights for the Section 5310 Program, Including Subrecipient Consolidation and Urban 5310 examines how Section 5310 funds are being programmed and to provide information on the tools, strategies, and opportunities that have demonstrated success in local areas.

Supplemental to the report are Appendices A and B.

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