APPENDIX A
REFERENCES
Federal Statutes and Executive Orders
Funding
23 U.S.C. §§ 601-609 (TIFIA statute).
49 U.S.C. §§ 22401-22406 (RRIF statute).
49 U.S.C. ch. 53 (FTA’s enabling statutes).
49 U.S.C. §§ 5303-5304 (FTA metropolitan, statewide, and nonmetropolitan area planning funding).
49 U.S.C. § 5307 (Urbanized Area Formula Program).
49 U.S.C. § 5309 (Fixed Guideway Capital Investment Program).
49 U.S.C. § 5324 (Public Transportation Emergency Relief Program).
49 U.S.C. § 22907 (Authority for FRA rail improvement grants).
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, Pub. L. No. 117-58, 135 Stat. 429.
Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21), Pub. L. No. 105-178, 112 Stat. 107 (1998), amended by TEA-21 Restoration Act, Pub. L. No. 105-206 (1998). TEA-21 may be viewed at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/tea21. See Title III, Federal Transit Administration Programs.
Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), Pub. L. No. 102-240, 105 Stat. 1914.
Award and Project Management
42 U.S.C. § 4601-4655 (Uniform Relocation Assistance and Rail Property Acquisition Policies).
49 U.S.C. § 5323 (FTA funding requirements).
49 U.S.C. § 5327 (Project management oversight).
Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act, Pub. L. 112-141, 126 Stat. 405, 708 (codified as amended at 49 U.S.C. § 5327).
49 U.S.C. § 5302(8) (Fixed guideway definition).
Civil Rights, ADA, and DBE
42 U.S.C. § 2000d-2000d-7 (Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964).
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, Pub. L. No. 101-336, 104 Stat. 328 (codified as amended 42 U.S.C. ch. 126; 47 U.S.C. ch. 5).
49 U.S.C. § 5332 (Nondiscrimination in federally funded transit projects).
Buy America
49 U.S.C. §§ 22901-22910 (DOT Buy America requirements).
49 U.S.C. 5323(j) (FTA Buy America requirements).
Liability/Insurance
49 U.S.C. § 28103 (liability cap for passenger injury damages).
Environmental
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, Pub. L. No. 96-510, title I, § 101, 94 Stat. 2767, 2767-72 (1980) (codified as amended in scattered sections of 15 U.S.C.; 33 U.S.C.; 42 U.S.C.) (“CERCLA”).
National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, Pub. L. No. 91-190, 83 Stat. 852 (codified as amended at 42 U.S.C. § 4321-4370h).
National Historic Preservation Act, Pub. L. No. 89-665, § 106, 80 Stat. 915, 917 (1966) (codified as amended at 54 U.S.C. § 306108).
U.S. Department of Transportation Act of 1966, Pub. L. No. 89-670, § 4(f), 80 Stat. 931, 934 (codified as amended at 49 U.S.C. § 303) (“Section 4(f)”).
Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of 2021, Pub. L. No. 117-58, § 11301, 135 Stat. 429, 525 (2021) (codified at 23 U.S.C. § 139).
Exec. Order No. 11514, Protection and Enhancement of Environmental Quality, 35 Fed. Reg. 4247 (Mar. 5, 1970).
Exec. Order No. 11738, Providing for Administration of the Clean Air Act and the Federal Water Pollution Control Act with respect to Federal contracts, grants, or loans, 38 Fed. Reg. 25,161 (Sept. 10, 1973).
Exec. Order No. 11990, Protection of wetlands, 42 Fed. Reg. 26,961 (May 24, 1977).
Exec. Order No. 11988, Floodplain management, 42 Fed. Reg. 26,951 (May 24, 1977).
Exec. Order No. 12898, Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations, 59 Fed. Reg. 7629 (Feb. 16, 1994).
Federal Regulations
Funding
49 C.F.R. pt. 80 (2022) (TIFIA regulations).
49 C.F.R. pt. 260 (2022) (RRIF regulations).
49 C.F.R. pt. 613 (2022) (Joint Planning Regulations).
2 C.F.R. § 200.306 (2022) (Local match funding being subject to regulations regarding in-kind contributions).
2 C.F.R. § 200.434 (2022) (Restrictions on grant recipients from receiving grant compensation for donations/contributions).
49 C.F.R. pt. 611 (2022) (Major Capital Investment Projects).
49 C.F.R. pt. 24 (2022) (Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition for Federal and Federally Assisted Programs).
Award and Project Management
2 C.F.R. pts. 200, 1201 (2022) (Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards).
Joint FTA/Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) regulations, “Planning Assistance and Standards,” 23 C.F.R. §§ 450.200-.226, 450.300-.340 (2022); 49 C.F.R. pt. 613 (2022).
29 C.F.R. pt. 97 (2022) (Uniform Administrative Requirements for Grants and Cooperative Agreements to State and Local Governments).
29 C.F.R. pt. 215 (2022) (DOL Guidelines, Section 5333(b) (Federal Transit Law).
49 C.F.R. pt. 24 (2022) (Uniform Relocation Assistance Act DOT regulations).
49 C.F.R. pt. 633 (2022) (Project Management Oversight).
Civil Rights, ADA, and DBE
49 C.F.R. pt. 26 (2022) (DBE).
49 C.F.R. pts. 27, 37, 38, 39 (2022) (DOT ADA regulations).
Buy America
49 C.F.R. pt. 661 (2022) (FTA Buy America Regulations).
Environmental
23 C.F.R. pt. 771 (2022) (DOT NEPA regulations).
23 C.F.R. pt. 774 (2022) (DOT Section 4(f) regulations).
36 C.F.R. pt. 800 (2022) (Federal regulations implementing NHRA Section 106).
40 C.F.R. §§ 1500-1508 (2022) (CEQ NEPA regulations).
49 C.F.R. pt. 1105 (2022) (STB environmental procedures).
49 C.F.R. pt. 622 (2022) (FTA Environmental Impacts and Related Procedures).
49 C.F.R pt. 622 (2022) (Environmental Impact and Related Procedures).
Federal Agency Policies, Guidelines, and Other Materials
Funding and Financing Programs
BUILD AMERICA BUREAU, CREDIT PROGRAMS GUIDE (2017), https://www.transportation.gov/buildamerica/sites/buildamerica.dot.gov/files/2019-08/Bureau%20Credit%20Programs%20Guide_March_2017.pdf.
FTA, Circular 9030.1E, Urbanized Area Formula Program: Program Guidance and Application Instructions (Jan. 16, 2014), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FINAL_FTA_circular9030.1E.pdf
FED. TRANSIT ADMIN., FINAL INTERIM POLICY GUIDANCE FEDERAL TRANSIT ADMINISTRATION CAPITAL INVESTMENT GRANT PROGRAM (2016), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FAST_Updated_Interim_Policy_Guidance_June%20_2016.pdf.
FTA, Circular 8100.1D, Program Guidance for Metropolitan Planning and State Planning and Research Program Grants (Sept. 10, 2018), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/regulations-and-guidance/fta-circulars/117736/program-guidance-metropolitan-planning-and-state-planning-and-research-c81001d.pdf.
Final Guidance on the Application of 49 U.S.C. 5324(c) to Railroad Right-of-Way Acquisition, 74 Fed. Reg. 82 (Apr. 30, 2009).
FTA Fiscal Year 2021 Apportionments, Allocations and Program Information, 86 Fed. Reg. 38791 (July 22, 2021).
Programs and Projects Grants, U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP., https://www.transportation.gov/grants, (last visited June 17, 2022).
RAISE Discretionary Grants, U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP. (Jan. 28, 2022), https://www.transportation.gov/RAISEgrants.
The INFRA Grants Program, U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP. (Mar. 21, 2022), https://www.transportation.gov/grants/infra-grants-program.
Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act or “FAST Act”, FED. HIGHWAY ADMIN. (Feb. 2016), https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/fastact/factsheets/advtranscongmgmtfs.cfm.
TIFIA Credit Program Overview, U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP. (Jan. 2017), https://www.transportation.gov/buildamerica/sites/buildamerica.dot.gov/files/2019-08/TIFIA%20Background%20Slides%20%2801-26-2017%29.pdf.
Consolidated Rail Infrastructure and Safety Improvements Program, FED. R.R. ADMIN. (Dec. 9, 2021), https://railroads.dot.gov/grants-loans/competitive-discretionary-grant-programs/consolidated-rail-infrastructure-and-safety-2.
Federal-State Partnership for State of Good Repair Grant Program, FED. R.R. ADMIN. (Mar. 9, 2022), https://railroads.dot.gov/grants-loans/competitive-discretionary-grant-programs/federal-state-partnership-state-good-repair-1.
U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP., 2014 TIGER AWARDS (2014) https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/docs/TIGER14_ProjectFactSheets.pdf.
Financing, BUILD AMERICA BUREAU, (Apr. 30, 2020), https://www.transportation.gov/buildamerica/financing.
Local Matching Funds, FED. TRANSIT ADMIN. (Dec. 21, 2017), https://www.transit.dot.gov/funding/procurement/third-party-procurement/local-matching-funds.
FTA, Circular 9300.1A, Capital Program: Grant Application Instructions, (Oct. 1, 1998), http://libraryarchives.metro.net/DPGTL/FTA/1998-FTA-Circular-9300.1A.pdf.
U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP.: FED. TRANSIT ADMIN., MASTER AGREEMENT MA(8) (2021) https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/2021-02/FTA-Master-Agreement-v28-2021-02-09.pdf.
Fiscal Year 2002 Annual List of Certifications and Assurances for Federal Transit Administration Grants and Cooperative Agreements, 67 Fed. Reg. 185 (Jan. 2, 2002).
Award and Project Management
FTA, Circular 4220.1F, Third Party Contracting Guidance (Mar. 13, 2013), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/Third%20Party%20Contracting%20Guidance%20%28Circular%204220.1F%29.pdf.
FTA, Circular 5010.1E, Award Management Requirements (July 16, 2018), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/regulations-and-guidance/fta-circulars/58051/5010-1e-circular-award-management-requirements-7-16-18.pdf.
FTA, Circular 5200.1A, Full-Funding Grant Agreements Guidance (Dec. 5, 2002), https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations-and-guidance/fta-circulars/full-funding-grant-agreements-guidance.
FTA, Circular 7050.1A, Federal Transit Administration Guidance on Joint Development (Dec. 29, 2016), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FTA-161221-001%20Joint%20Development%20Circular.pdf.
Joint Development: Proposed Updated Circular, 84 Fed. Reg. 16,339 (Apr. 18, 2019), https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2019/04/18/2019-07812/joint-development-proposed-updated-circular.
FED. TRANSIT ADMIN., PROJECT CONSTRUCTION AND MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES (2011), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FTA_Project_and_CM_Guidelines_-_July_2011_Update_12-01-26.pdf.
CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, FEDERAL SUPPORT FOR FINANCING STATE AND LOCAL TRANSPORTATION AND WATER INFRASTRUCTURE (2018), https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2018-10/54549-InfrastructureFinancing.pdf.
FTA Fiscal Year 2002 Apportionments, Allocations and Program Information, 67 Fed. Reg. 125, (Jan. 2, 2002).
Annual Report on Funding Recommendations, FED. TRANSIT ADMIN. (March 28, 2022), https://www.transit.dot.gov/funding/grant-programs/capital-investments/annual-report-funding-recommendations.
FED. TRANSIT ADMIN., GUIDANCE FOR TRANSIT FINANCIAL PLANS (2000), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/funding/funding-finance-resources/options-financing-public-transportation/115376/guidance-transit-financial-plans.pdf.
Procurement
FED. TRANSIT ADMIN., REPORT NO. 0105, BEST PRACTICES PROCUREMENT & LESSONS LEARNED MANUAL (2016), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/funding/procurement/8286/fta-best-practices-procurement-and-lessons-learned-manual-2016.pdf.
U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP., PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP (P3) PROCUREMENT: A GUIDE FOR PUBLIC OWNERS (2019), https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/ipd/pdfs/p3/toolkit/p3_procurement_guide_0319.pdf.
Civil Rights, ADA, and DBE
FTA, Circular 4702.1B, Title VI Requirements and Guidelines for Federal Transit Administration Recipients (Oct. 1, 2012), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FTA_Title_VI_FINAL.pdf.
FTA, Circular 4710.1, Americans with Disabilities Act: Guidance (Nov. 4, 2015), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/Final_FTA_ADA_Circular_C_4710.1.pdf.
Official Q&As on the Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) Program Requirements, U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP., http://www.transportation.gov/civil-rights/disadvantaged-business-enterprise/official-questions-and-answers-qas-disadvantaged (last visited June 17, 2022).
U.S. Dept. of Transp., Legal Opinion: Facility Alteration Requirements Under 49 C.F.R. § 37.43(a) (May 2016), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/ADA-Sec.37.43_legal%20opinion_May2016_0.pdf.
U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP., DISABILITY LAW GUIDANCE: FULL-LENGTH, LEVEL-BOARDING PLATFORMS IN NEW COMMUTER AND INTERCITY RAIL STATIONS (Sept. 1, 2005), https://www.fra.dot.gov/eLib/details/L02760.
Transportation for Individuals with Disabilities at Intercity, Commuter, and High-Speed Passenger Railroad Station Platforms; Miscellaneous Amendments, 76 Fed. Reg. 57,924 (Sept. 19, 2011) (DOT Final Rule amending 49 C.F.R. pts. 37, 38).
Buy America
Buy America, Fed. Transit Admin., https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations-and-guidance/buy-america/buy-america (last visited June 17, 2020).
Buy America Guidance Letters, Fed. Transit Admin. (Aug. 21, 2018) https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations-and-guidance/buy-america/buy-america-guidance-letters.
Environmental
ENV’T PROTECTION AGENCY, EPA-330-F-11-003, CERCLA LIABILITY AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACQUISITIONS AND OTHER ACTIVITIES (2011), https://19january2017snapshot.epa.gov/sites/production/files/documents/local-gov-liab-acq-fs-rev.pdf.
FTA, Circular C 4703.1, Environmental Justice Policy Guidance for Federal Transit Administration Recipients (Aug. 15, 2012), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FTA_EJ_Circular_7.14-12_FINAL.pdf.
FED. TRANSIT ADMIN., HISTORIC CONTEXT REPORT FOR TRANSIT RAIL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (2017), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/regulations-and-guidance/environmental-programs/63526/ftahistoriccontextreport508compliant.pdf.
Final Dept. of Transp. Environmental Justice Order, 77 Fed. Reg. 27534 (May 10, 2012)
FED. TRANSIT. ADMIN., SOP No. 18, SECTION 4(F) EVALUATIONS (2016), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/SOP%2018.pdf.
FED. TRANSIT. ADMIN., GUIDANCE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF FTA’S CATEGORICAL EXCLUSIONS (23 C.F.R. 771.118) (2016), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/regulations-and-programs/environmental-programs/25256/section-118-guidance-june-2016.pdf.
FED. TRANSIT. ADMIN., FINAL GUIDANCE ON THE APPLICATION OF 49 U.S.C. 5323(Q) TO CORRIDOR PRESERVATION FOR A TRANSIT PROJECT (2014), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/Final_Corr_Pres_Guidance_FINAL_10-27-2014.pdf.
FED. HIGHWAY ADMIN., PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR TRANSPORTATION DECISIONMAKING (2015), https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/public_involvement/publications/pi_techniques/fhwahep15044.pdf.
Program Comment Issued to Exempt Consideration of Effects to Rail Properties Within Rail Rights-of-Way, 83 Fed. Reg. 42,920 (Aug. 17, 2018).
FED. TRANSIT. ADMIN., SOP No. 2, OFFICE OF PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT, PROJECT INITIATION AND DETERMINING NEPA CLASS OF ACTION (2019), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/regulations-and-guidance/environmental-programs/55951/02-project-initiation.pdf.
Environmental Standard Operating Procedures, FED. TRANSIT ADMIN., (Nov. 5, 2020) https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations-and-guidance/environmental-programs/environmental-standard-operating-procedures.
Update to the Regulations Implementing the Procedural Provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act, 85 Fed. Reg. 43,304 (Sep. 14, 2020), https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2020/07/16/2020-15179/update-to-the-regulations-implementing-the-procedural-provisions-of-the-national-environmental.
Case Studies
Financing
Eagle Commuter Rail Project, U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP. (Dec. 2016) (example of a CIG-funded project which relied on a P3 model), https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/CO-Denver-Eagle-Commuter-Rail-FY-18-Profile.pdf.
East Link Extension, U.S. DEPT. OF TRANSP. (example of a transit mega project using USDOT BAB TIFIA financing), https://www.transportation.gov/buildamerica/projects/east-link-extension (last visited June 21, 2022).
Interstate Compacts
CONN. GEN. STAT. § 16-343 (Connecticut-New York Railroad Passenger Transportation Compact).
2 C.F.R. § 200.318 (encourages intergovernmental agreements for the procurement or common use of goods and services).
Procurement
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA, VIRGINIA PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS: P3 VALUE FOR MONEY GUIDELINES (June 2016) (requiring a VfM analysis before a project is approved for the procurement phase), https://www.p3virginia.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/VfM-Guidelines_V3_June-2016_Final.pdf.
FLA. STAT. § 334.30 (2021) (outlining its P3 legislation and applicable sections with respect to procurement).
Private Industry Sources
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, QUALITY IN THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT: A GUIDE FOR OWNERS, DESIGNERS AND CONSTRUCTORS, ASCE MANUAL NO. 73 (3d ed. 2012).
Construction Documents for the Future of Infrastructure, ENGINEER JOINT CONTRACT DOCUMENTS COMMITTEE, https://www.ejcdc.org/ (last visited June 21, 2022).
DESIGN BUILD INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION, DESIGN-BUILD DONE RIGHT: BEST DESIGN-BUILD PRACTICES (2014), https://dbia.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Best-Practices-Universally-Applicable.pdf.
Education Foundation, ASSOCIATION OF GENERAL CONTRACTORS (free educational resources related to project contracting) https://www.constructionfoundation.org/ (last visited June 21, 2022).
Engineer Joint Contract Documents Committee, NATIONAL SOCIETY OF PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS, https://www.nspe.org/resources/ejcdc-contract-documents (last visited June 21, 2022).
ASSOCIATION FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF AMERICAN INFRASTRUCTURE, BEST PRACTICES FOR PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS STIPENDS, https://aiai-infra.info/wp-content/uploads/MK013-AIAI-Best-Practices-STIPENDS-2-20171.pdf (last visited June 21, 2022).
Other
What Are PPPs?, THE WORLD BANK, https://ppp.worldbank.org/public-private-partnership/about-us/about-public-private-partnerships (last visited June 21, 2022).
Public-Private Partnership Legal Resource Center, THE WORLD BANK, https://ppp.worldbank.org/public-private-partnership/ (last visited June 21, 2022).
TEX. TRANSP. CODE § 366.404 (Performance and Payment Security).
COLO. REV. STAT. § 38-26-106 (Contractor executes bond–applicability).
Project Evaluation Process, LOS ANGELES METRO, http://media.metro.net/projects_studies/ppp/images/ppp_project_evaluation.pdf (last visited June 21, 2022).
ROBERT W. POOLE JR., RETHINKING AMERICA’S HIGHWAYS: A 21ST-CENTURY VISION FOR BETTER INFRASTRUCTURE 105 (2018) (example of using an ATC with the LBJ Freeway in Dallas).