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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Image

Biomarkers for
Traumatic Brain Injury

______

Megan Snair, Chanel Matney, and
Katherine Bowman, Rapporteurs

Forum on Traumatic Brain Injury

Board on Health Sciences Policy

Health and Medicine Division

Proceedings of a Workshop

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001

This activity was supported by contracts and grants between the National Academy of Sciences and Abbott Laboratories, AARP, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract 200-2011-38807, task order 75D30121F00097), Department of Defense (contract W81XWH22C0033), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (contract 693JJ922P000036), National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (contract HHSP233201400020B, task order 75P00122F37113), National Institutes of Health (contract HHSN263201800029I, task order 75N98022F00001), and Department of Veterans Affairs (contract 36C24E22P0005). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project.

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Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for traumatic brain injury: Proceedings of a workshop.
Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/26932.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
×

The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. John L. Anderson is president.

The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president.

The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine.

Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine at www.nationalacademies.org.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gathered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task.

Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opinions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies.

Rapid Expert Consultations published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine are authored by subject-matter experts on narrowly focused topics that can be supported by a body of evidence. The discussions contained in rapid expert consultations are considered those of the authors and do not contain policy recommendations. Rapid expert consultations are reviewed by the institution before release.

For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
×

PLANNING COMMITTEE ON BIOMARKERS FOR TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY1

JEFFREY BAZARIAN, Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York

RAMON DIAZ-ARRASTIA, John McCrea Dickson, MD Professor of Neurology, and Director, Clinical TBI Research Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine and Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, Pennsylvania

STUART HOFFMAN, Senior Health Science Officer for Traumatic Brain Injury, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC

FREDERICK KORLEY, Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan

GEOFFREY MANLEY, Margaret Liu Endowed Professorship in Traumatic Brain Injury, Professor and Vice Chairman of Neurological Surgery, and Codirector, UCSF Brain and Spinal Injury Center, University of California, San Francisco, and Chief of Neurosurgery, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, California

LUCA MARINELLI, Senior Principal Scientist, Biology and Applied Physics, GE Research, New York

BETH McQUISTON, Medical Director, Medical and Scientific Affairs, Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Laboratories, Illinois

LESLIE PRICHEP, Chief Scientific Officer, BrainScope Company, Inc., Maryland

Health and Medicine Division Staff

KATHERINE BOWMAN, Director, Forum on Traumatic Brain Injury

CHANEL MATNEY, Program Officer (from September 2022)

VICTORIA CHEGE, Senior Program Assistant

CLARE STROUD, Senior Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy

Consultants

MEGAN SNAIR, Science Writer, SGNL Solutions, LLC

___________________

1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s planning committees are solely responsible for organizing the workshop, identifying topics, and choosing speakers. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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FORUM ON TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY1

DONALD BERWICK (Chair), Institute for Healthcare Improvement

ALEXANDER BALBIR, Wounded Warrior Project

RACHAEL BARRETT, The Elizabeth Dole Foundation

JOE BONNER, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

MATTHEW BREIDING, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

JAVIER CARDENAS, Barrow Concussion and Brain Injury Center; American Academy of Neurology

NANCY CHOCKLEY, National Institute for Health Care Management Foundation

JOHN CORRIGAN, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center; Brain Injury Association of America

RAMON DIAZ-ARRASTIA, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine

E. WESLEY ELY, Vanderbilt University Medical Center

BRUCE EVANS, Upper Pine River Fire Protection District; National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians

JONATHAN FISHER, American College of Emergency Physicians

STEVEN FLANAGAN, NYU Grossman School of Medicine; American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

BRIAN HAINLINE, National Collegiate Athletic Association

ODETTE HARRIS, Stanford University School of Medicine

STUART HOFFMAN, Department of Veterans Affairs

RICHARD HODES, National Institute on Aging

FREDERICK KORLEY, University of Michigan

WALTER KOROSHETZ, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

KATHY LEE, Department of Defense

RACHEL LAZARUS, AARP

D. CARL LONG, NeuroTrama Sciences, LLC

TARA JO MANAL, American Physical Therapy Association

GEOFFREY MANLEY, University of California, San Francisco

LUCA MARINELLI, GE Research

CHRISTINA L. MASTER, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania

BETH McQUISTON, Abbott Laboratories

___________________

1 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s forums and roundtables do not issue, review, or approve individual documents. The responsibility for the published Proceedings of a Workshop rests with the workshop rapporteurs and the institution.

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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CATE MILLER, National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research

CHRIS NOWINSKI, Concussion Legacy Foundation

KAREN O’CONNELL, Northern Kentucky University; Emergency Nurses Association

TESSIE OCTOBER, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

DAVID OKONKWO, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine

TOLU O. OYESANYA, Duke University

CORINNE PEEK-ASA, University of California, San Diego

LESLIE PRICHEP, BrainScope Company, Inc.

TERRY RAUCH, Department of Defense

JOEL SCHOLTEN, Department of Veterans Affairs

DEBORAH M. STEIN, American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma

SHELLY TIMMONS, Indiana University School of Medicine; American Association of Neurological Surgeons

GAMUNU WIJETUNGE, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

REBECCAH WOLFKIEL, National Association of State Head Injury Administrators

KRISTINE YAFFE, University of California, San Francisco

Forum Staff

KATHERINE BOWMAN, Forum Director

CHANEL MATNEY, Program Officer (from September 2022)

VICTORIA CHEGE, Senior Program Assistant

CHRISTIE BELL, Finance Business Partner

CLARE STROUD, Senior Director, Board on Health Sciences Policy

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Reviewers

This Proceedings of a Workshop was reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in making each published proceedings as sound as possible and to ensure that it meets the institutional standards for quality, objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the process.

We thank the following individuals for their review of this proceedings:

RACHEL LAZARUS, AARP

ANGELA LUMBA-BROWN, Stanford University

Although the reviewers listed above provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the content of the proceedings, nor did they see the final draft before its release. The review of this proceedings was overseen by DOUGLAS SMITH, University of Pennsylvania. He was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this proceedings was carried out in accordance with standards of the National Academies and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content rests entirely with the rapporteurs and the National Academies. We also thank staff member MEREDITH YOUNG for reading and providing helpful comments on this manuscript.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Acronyms and Abbreviations

BARDA Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority
CARE Concussion Assessment, Research and Education Consortium
CT computed tomography
DoD Department of Defense
ED emergency department
EEG electroencephalogram
EMS emergency medical services
EPB41 erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1
FDA Food and Drug Administration
GFAP glial fibrillary acidic protein
HRV heart rate variability
ICU intensive care unit
MI myocardial infarction
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
NfL neurofilament light chain
NIH National Institutes of Health
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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OBTT Operation Brain Trauma Therapy
PET positron emission tomography
PLR pupillary light reflex
PRECISE-TBI Pre-Clinical Interagency Research Resource-TBI
PSA prostate-specific antigen
RCT randomized controlled trial
S100B S100 calcium-binding protein B
SIREN Strategies to Innovate Emergency Care Clinical Trials Network
SNCA alpha-synuclein
TBI traumatic brain injury
TQIP Trauma Quality Improvement Program
UHC-L1 Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1
VA Department of Veterans Affairs
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Page R13
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2023. Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury: Proceedings of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/26932.
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The National Academies Forum on Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) convened a workshop in September 2022 to explore biomarkers used to more precisely and objectively diagnose and categorize suspected TBIs. Session discussions addressed developments in TBI biomarker classes including neuroimaging, blood-based, electrophysiological, and other physiological markers; how biomarkers may be used to better guide and monitor treatment after injury; and how they can be used to refine future research studies. Speakers also discussed potential impacts of biomarkers across the trajectory of TBI care and research, efforts to translate and incorporate biomarkers from research settings into clinical practice, and opportunities to advance the field. This Proceedings of a Workshop summarizes the presentations and discussions from the event.

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