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Panel Biographical Sketches

ROBERT H. AUSTIN (NAS), Chair, is a professor of physics in the Department of Physics at Princeton University. His research spans three areas: protein dynamics and conformational statistics, DNA dynamics and base pair sequence elastic variability, and applications of micro and nanofabrication technology to cellular and molecular biology. He is a master at combining physical tools and theories with biochemical techniques to attack fundamental problems in protein and nucleic acid dynamics and function. His observations of single DNA molecules using microlithography led to an understanding of their physical properties, which are important in biology and biotechnology. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and a member of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). He received his BA in physics from Hope College, and his MS and PhD in physics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

RYAN E. BAUMBACH is a research faculty at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) and an associate research professor at Florida State University (FSU). He is focused on new materials physics, with an emphasis on structural, magnetic, and electronic states that derive from transition metal, lanthanide, and actinide elements. He follows an approach based on (1) development of design principles; (2) crystal growth methods; and (3) measurement of structural, electronic, and thermodynamic quantities. He is a leader in studies of transuranic magnetism, with many pioneering measurements of molecular crystals containing Np-Cf. He is also a champion for the advancement of society through science. He regularly serves as a guest lecturer at schools and community lecture and demo activities. He recently served as a key team member for a National Science Foundation (NSF) Engine proposal. To foster diversity, equity, and inclusion, he is a member of the graduate affairs and Advanced Photon Source bridge program committees in the FSU Department of Physics, and on the NHMFL Diversity Committee. He also is the research supervisor for diverse individuals including postdoctoral researchers, graduate, undergraduate, high school, and middle school students. Lastly, he makes many contributions to the profession, where a recent example is his service on a committee reviewing the High-Pressure Collaborative Access Team.

HARISH B. BHANDARI is currently the director for the Advanced Thin Film Technologies Group at Radiation Monitoring Devices, Inc., where he directs the thin film materials research laboratory. With more than 15 years of experience in chemical synthesis, sputtered thin film synthesis, and atomic layer deposition, Dr. Bhandari has extensive expertise in thin films. His research has focused on developing high-quantum efficiency photocathodes, conformal passivation coatings for semiconductors, and large-area, low-cost scintillators, among other applications. Dr. Bhandari has received numerous patents for his innovations and is a member of the American Vacuum Society (AVS) and the Materials Research Society. He received his PhD in chemical engineering from the University of Alabama in 2005 and was a postdoctoral fellow and research associate at Harvard University from 2006 to 2010, where he identified novel materials and processes for the advancement of integrated circuit interconnect technology.

RAINER BLATT (NAS) studied physics and received his PhD at the University of Mainz. As a postdoctoral fellow, he worked on laser cooling with John L. Hall at the University of Colorado Boulder

and on single trapped ions with P. Toschek at the University of Hamburg. In 1994 he became a professor of physics at the University of Göttingen and in 1995 he accepted a chair position at the University of Innsbruck, where he works with trapped ions for quantum computation, quantum simulation, and quantum metrology. He is a research director at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Innsbruck and the co-founder of Alpine Quantum Technologies GmbH, a company developing commercial quantum computers. Since 2021, Dr. Blatt is the scientific director of the Munich Quantum Valley. For his quantum information research, he received numerous prizes, among them the Stern-Gerlach medal of the German Physical Society (DPG) in 2012, the John-Stewart-Bell prize of CQIQC (Toronto) in 2015, and the Herbert-Walther-Prize of DPG and Optica in 2023. Dr. Blatt is a member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, the Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences, and NAS.

GILLES BUCHS has been a senior scientist at Oak Ridge National Laboratory since 2021 and is currently the acting group leader of the Quantum Computing and Sensing Group. In his role, he contributes to establishing and leveraging a quantum edge node based on a trapped ion quantum resource to conduct research in quantum simulation and computation. From 2018 to 2021, he was a senior researcher at the quantum computing startup SQC in Sydney, Australia, conducting experimental research on analog quantum simulation with engineered donor qubits in silicon. Before this, he was a senior research and development (R&D) engineer at CSEM in Switzerland. He conducted research, developed, and managed multi-million-euro public–private projects in photonics and quantum photonics systems and quantum sensors based on atomic vapor cells for various applications in metrology and industry. In 2008, he was awarded a Marie Curie Fellowship to conduct research in quantum nanophotonics at the Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft in the group of Professor Val Zwiller. He is a member of APS and holds a PMP certification from the Project Management Institute. Dr Buchs received his MS in solid-state physics from ETH Zurich in 2004 before joining the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology and the University of Basel, where he earned his PhD in the field of quantum nanoelectronics in 2008.

YOUNG-KAI CHEN (NAE) is the chief scientist at Coherent Incorporated and a visiting professor at Princeton University and Cornell University. From 2017 to 2021, he was a program manager at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), and while there initiated and managed programs in advanced semiconductor electronics, artificial intelligence and machine learning processing, and secure communications. Before joining DARPA, he was a senior director at Nokia Bell Labs from 1988 to 2017, supporting R&D in the areas of high-speed electronics and optoelectronics. Dr. Chen and his teams initiated the development of integrated lasers; silicon photonics ICs; 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G wireless backhaul transceivers; and 100G coherent optic data links. Dr. Chen received his PhD from Cornell University, MSEE from Syracuse University, and BSEE from National Chiao-Tung University in Taiwan. He is a fellow of Bell Labs, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and Optica; a member of the National Academy of Engineering (NAE); and a recipient of the IEEE David Sarnoff Award and the Edison Patent Award.

DAPHNA G. ENZER has been with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA’s) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology, since 2001. She is a research technologist in the Frequency and Timing Advanced Instrument Development Group, actively working on the development of precision measurement, as well as timing and frequency systems. Dr. Enzer recently led clock system modeling for the Deep Space Atomic Clock mission and was an integral part of its Operations and Analysis team. Since then, she has been an essential member of the Data Analyst team for the Sun Radio Interferometer Space Experiment, a mission to study solar activity using a 6-spacecraft interferometer. Her other work includes the development of a cold-atom cesium space-clock and the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory mission as well as support of the frequency and timing system of the NASA Deep Space Network. Dr. Enzer is serving her second year as the program chair for the

Precise Time and Time Interval Meeting. Dr. Enzer received a PhD in atomic physics from Harvard University in 1996 and a BS from Yale University in 1989.

RACHEL M. GODUN is the science area leader for the optical frequency metrology group within Time and Frequency at the United Kingdom’s National Physical Laboratory (NPL). This includes optical clocks, ultrastable lasers, femtosecond frequency combs, and time and frequency transfer over optical fiber links. Dr. Godun’s specialist area of research is the development of an optical atomic clock based on a trapped, single ion of ytterbium. The research aims to make frequency measurements at the highest level of accuracy to support a future redefinition of the SI second and enable tests of fundamental physics. Dr. Godun is currently a member of the Executive Committee for the European Frequency and Time Forum and a vice chair of the Scientific Committee. She is a technical expert for the European Metrology Network for quantum technologies and a member of the Institute of Physics. Dr. Godun graduated from the University of Oxford with an MPhys in 1997 and completed a DPhil in 2000, carrying out research in atom interferometry. She continued to work with ultra-cold atoms for an additional 8 years in Oxford, before joining NPL in 2008.

RICHARD A. GOTTSCHO (NAE) is the executive vice president and strategic advisor to the chief executive officer (CEO) of innovation ecosystem at Lam Research, where he develops strategies and leads collaborations to accelerate innovation in the semiconductor industry. Dr. Gottscho brings 40 years of technology leadership to his role. Previously, he was the executive vice president and chief technology officer at Lam, where he led initiatives to transform lithography and process engineering. Prior to that, he served as the executive vice president of Lam’s Global Products Group, overseeing the company’s deposition, etch, and clean businesses. Before joining Lam, Dr. Gottscho was a member of Bell Labs, where he oversaw research in processing, materials, packaging, and flat panel displays. He is a fellow of APS and AVS and has served on numerous committees for conferences in plasma technology. He regularly presents at universities and conferences. In recognition of Dr. Gottscho’s technical achievements, NAE inducted him into its ranks in 2016. Dr. Gottscho has also been honored with AVS’s Peter Mark Memorial Award, AVS’s Plasma Science and Technology Division Prize, the Dry Process Symposium Nishizawa Award, and VLSI’s Semiconductor Hall of Fame. He earned his PhD and BS in physical chemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and The Pennsylvania State University, respectively.

RICHARD A. HAIGHT is a research staff member at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York, presently involved in IBM’s quantum computation effort, where he is studying qubit materials issues and nonlinear optical communications for scaling. His prior and continuing work has involved the development and application of tunable femtosecond high harmonic photoelectron spectroscopy for studying electron dynamics in materials. He is the co-inventor of the first femtosecond photomask repair tool used in manufacturing, MARS (mask advanced repair system), which following commercialization is now in use in semiconductor companies worldwide. Dr. Haight was awarded a corporate level outstanding technical achievement award for this work. He also developed femtosecond photovoltage spectroscopy used to determine the electronic structure in buried MOS stacks, heterostructures in thin film photovoltaics, and neuromorphic devices. Dr. Haight was the principal investigator (PI) on a Department of Energy (DOE)-funded effort to develop thin-film, earth-abundant photovoltaics. He has served on committees for NSF, DOE, and the National Academies’ Committee on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Sciences. He is a fellow of APS and the Optical Society of America, edited a published two-volume set titled Handbook of Instrumentation and Techniques for Semiconductor Nanostructure Characterization, and co-authored the book Industrial Applications of Ultrafast Lasers in 2018. Dr. Haight has published more than 125 papers and book chapters and holds more than 90 U.S. and international patents with additional patent filings pending. Dr. Haight is the co–editor in chief for the Materials and Energy series published by World Scientific Press.

LINDA KATEHI (NAE) is the O’Donnell Endowed Chair in Engineering and a Distinguished Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station Chair Professor of Electronics in electrical and computer engineering and material science and engineering at Texas A&M University, College Station. From 2017 until 2020, she served as the president-elect, president, and past-president of the Women in Engineering Professional Advocacy Network. She was the John Edwardson Dean of Engineering at Purdue University from 2001 to 2006, the provost of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign from 2006 to 2009, and the chancellor at the University of California, Davis, from 2009 to 2016. Dr. Katehi’s research focuses on designing and developing intelligent edge radio frequency (RF) electronics. This area involves analog hardware and algorithm co-design, deep machine learning, and neuromorphic computations for developing electronic components and systems that can evolve performance based on the operational space and collected data. These new research directions are founded in Dr. Katehi’s broad experience in 3D integration and packaging of microwave, millimeter-wave, and sub-terahertz circuits; computer-aided design of VLSI interconnects; development and characterization of micromachined circuits for microwave, millimeter-wave, and submillimeter-wave applications including MEMS switches, high-Q evanescent mode filters, and MEMS devices for circuit reconfigurability; and the development of both frequency and time domain methods and algorithms. She is a member of NAE and received the National Academies’ Simon Ramo Founders Award in 2015. She is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the National Academy of Innovators, and a fellow of IEEE. She was the chair of the President’s Committee for the National Medal of Science and the Secretary of Commerce’s Committee for the National Medal of Technology and Innovation. She is a fellow of AAAS, served on the AAAS board of directors, and was the president of its Engineering Section. She served as a member of the National Higher Education Board, a member of the Higher Education Business Forum, and many other national and international boards and committees.

KATE KIRBY earned her BS in chemistry and physics from Harvard-Radcliffe College and her PhD from the University of Chicago. After a postdoctoral fellowship at the Harvard College Observatory, she was appointed as a research physicist at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and lecturer in the Harvard University Department of Astronomy. From 1988 to 2001, she served as an associate director at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, heading the Atomic and Molecular Physics Division. From 2001 to 2007, she served as the director of the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics at Harvard-Smithsonian. From 2009 to 2014, she served as the executive officer of APS. In 2015, she was appointed the first CEO of APS. She retired from that position at the end of 2020. Dr. Kirby’s research interests lie in theoretical atomic and molecular physics, particularly the calculation of atomic and molecular processes important in astrophysics and atmospheric physics. She is a fellow of both APS and AAAS.

KEVIN O. KNABE is currently the director of R&D at Vescent Photonics and has extensive experience with laser stabilization and precision optical measurements. He has worked on a variety of spectroscopy experiments ranging from saturated absorption spectroscopy in hollow-core photonic crystal fibers under his graduate school advisor, Dr. Kristan Corwin, to comb-assisted spectroscopy using a quantum cascade laser in the mid-infrared (IR) for rapid broadband spectroscopy at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under the guidance of Dr. Nathan Newbury. He also has a long history of laser stabilization with a wide range of sources (fiber and diode lasers across the visible and near-IR) to high finesse optical cavities to produce lasers that have sub-hertz linewidths and experience with integrating high performance electro-optical systems. As the director of R&D at Vescent Photonics, he oversees projects related to robust laser integration for deployed quantum applications in both government and commercial sectors.

SHIMON J. KOLKOWITZ is an associate professor and the Herst Chair in physics at the University of California, Berkeley. He was formerly an associate professor of physics at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Dr. Kolkowitz’s experimental research focuses on precision measurement, metrology, quantum

sensing, and searches for new physics using atoms and atom-like systems. His research group has developed new techniques and applications for ultra-precise optical atomic clocks, and new measurement tools that make use of atom-scale defects in diamonds. He is a 2019 Packard Science and Engineering fellow, a 2022 Sloan Research fellow, and is a recent recipient of the NSF CAREER award. Dr. Kolkowitz was an undergraduate at Stanford University, graduating with distinction in 2008 with a BS in physics. He earned his PhD in experimental physics at Harvard University in 2015 with advisor Professor Mikhail Lukin, where his research focused on quantum sensing with defects in diamond. He was subsequently a National Research Council postdoctoral fellow at JILA: a joint institute of NIST and the University of Colorado Boulder, in the research group of Professor Jun Ye from 2015 to 2017, working on metrology and quantum science with optical lattice atomic clocks.

JOHN R. LOWELL is the chief engineer and quantum portfolio manager for Boeing’s Disruptive Computing & Networks organization, which is leveraging core technologies in quantum communications, computing and sensing, high-performance computing, virtualization of embedded computing hardware and software, and advanced networking to develop computing and communications solutions for advanced commercial and government aerospace applications. Dr. Lowell was named to this position in October 2018. An internationally recognized expert in systems engineering of quantum, electromagnetic, or electro-optic systems, he also is a principal senior technical fellow who works across Boeing’s businesses to develop quantum technology into Boeing products and services. His technical background includes work in remote sensing, precision measurements of time and frequency, inertial measurements, laser and matter interactions, photonics, optical signal processing, medical diagnostic development, and software development. Previously, he was a program manager in the Defense Sciences Office of DARPA, where he created and directed more than 10 research programs that ranged from foundational science to product development. He has served on U.S. Air Force Scientific Advisory Board studies, was an assistant professor of physics at the U.S. Air Force Academy, and a research physicist at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). Dr. Lowell is a distinguished graduate with honors from the U.S. Air Force Academy and holds an MS in physics from The Ohio State University. He also has a PhD in atomic physics from the University of Virginia.

LUTE MALEKI is the president and CEO of OEwaves, Inc. Before 2007 he was a senior research scientist at JPL, where he created and led the Quantum Sciences and Technologies Group. Dr. Maleki’s research included atomic clocks, laser cooling, atom interferometers and quantum sensors, photonic oscillators, photonic signal distribution systems, crystalline whispering gallery mode microresonators, Kerr frequency combs, and tests of fundamental physics with clocks. He produced the first commercial oscillators based on a crystalline microresonator as well as oscillators based on Kerr combs and based on lowest phase noise semiconductor lasers. He has more than 65 U.S. patents and has authored and coauthored more than 150 refereed publications and more than 200 conference papers. He has been the PI of projects sponsored by DARPA, the U.S. Army, the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Navy, and NASA. He serves on committees of international conferences in frequency and timing, and optical sciences and engineering. He is a life fellow of IEEE, a fellow of APS, and a fellow of Optica. He has co-founded three commercial companies. Dr. Maleki holds a BS, an MS, and a PhD in physics. He has received the IEEE I.I. Rabi Award and NASA’s Exceptional Engineering Achievement Medal.

PIERRE MEYSTRE obtained his physics diploma and PhD from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne in 1971 and 1974, respectively, and the habilitation in theoretical physics from the University of Munich in 1983. He joined the Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics in 1977, following a postdoctoral position at the University of Arizona College of Optical Sciences. He returned to Tucson in 1986 and became a Regents Professor of Physics and Optical Sciences in 2002 until his retirement in 2016. He then served as the Editor in Chief of the Physical Review research journals published by the APS from 2016 to 2017 after having been the lead editor of Physical Review Letters from 2013 to 2016. His research interests include theoretical quantum optics, atomic physics, ultracold

science, and quantum optomechanics. He has published more than 330 refereed papers and is the author of Elements of Quantum Optics, together with Murray Sargent III, now in its fourth edition; the monograph Atom Optics; and the textbook Quantum Optics, Taming the Quantum, published in 2021. He is a recipient of the Humboldt Foundation Research Prize for senior U.S. scientists, the R.W. Wood Prize of the Optical Society of America, and the Willis E. Lamb Award for laser science and quantum optics; is a fellow of APS, the Optical Society of America, and AAAS; and an honorary professor at East China Normal University. Dr. Meystre has served on numerous national and international committees, including the Board on Physics and Astronomy of the National Academies, where he chaired its standing committee on Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. He also chaired the Division of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics of APS and was a council member of APS and AAAS. He served on the 2015 and 2018 National Academies’ Panel on the Assessment of the Physical Measurement Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

JULIO A. NAVARRO is a principal senior technical fellow at the Boeing Company and a subject-matter expert in RF circuits, antennas, and heterogeneously integrated electronics. He provides technical leadership of RF and millimeter-wave technologies for Boeing’s Research and Technology Division. He initiated, designed, and delivered phased array antenna (PAA) designs for unmanned aerial vehicles, aircraft, ships, submarines, satellites, and missiles. He also defines, shapes, and develops technical concepts along with product planning roadmaps to achieve breakthrough performance and efficiency gains for business unit customers. Before his current position, Dr. Navarro was a key innovator in the design, development, and transition of Ku- and Ka-band compact radar sensors, as well as the Ku-band directional network line-of-sight communication PAAs. His designs have transitioned to the Ku-band commercial SATCOM, Zumwalt DDG1000 Command-Data-Link LOS, UAE K-band and Small-Form Factor Ka-band SATCOM, and Q-band links on the Talon Hate program. For more than two decades, Dr. Navarro’s integrated ceramic module served the government VIP Strategic Air Mission (SAM) fleet in the arbitrary linear-pol transmit PAAs of the Boeing Broadband SATCOM Network. The VIP SAM fleet of Boeing derivative aircraft include the VC-25, C-40, and C-32 business jets.

KAREN F. O’DONOGHUE is the director of Internet trust and technology for the Internet Society, a global nonprofit organization dedicated to an open, global, secure, and trustworthy Internet for everyone. In this role, she supports the development, deployment, and operation of technologies, standards, and best practices to improve the security of the Internet. Dr. O’Donoghue is focused on time synchronization and security of network time synchronization protocols. She has a long history of participation in the Internet Engineering Task Force, IEEE, and other standards bodies, as well as working in small multi-vendor teams to build technology demonstrations and event networks. Prior to joining the Internet Society, Dr. O’Donoghue worked for the U.S. Navy, focused on the development and application of commercial network standards and technologies to real-time Navy systems.

C. KUMAR N. PATEL (NAS/NAE) is the founder, CEO, and president of the board of Pranalytica, Inc., a Santa Monica–based company that is commercializing high-power quantum cascade lasers and highly sensitive and selective trace gas sensors for commercial, homeland security, and defense markets. He is also a distinguished professor at the University of Central Florida, as well as an emeritus professor of physics, chemistry, and electrical engineering at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). From 1993 to 1999, he was the vice chancellor of research at UCLA. Until joining UCLA in 1993, he was the executive director of the Research, Materials Science, Engineering, and Academic Affairs Division at Bell Labs in Murray Hill, New Jersey. Under his leadership, Bell Labs produced some of the most critical technologies for optical communications. He is the inventor of the carbon dioxide laser and other high power gas lasers. His work at Bell Labs led to the creation of the field of high-power molecular lasers; infrared nonlinear optics; ultra-small absorption measurement techniques for gases, solids, and liquids; and laser surgery. He has authored and co-authored more than 270 publications and has been awarded 55 U.S. patents. He received the National Medal of Science given by the President of the United States in

1996. In 2012, he was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. In recognition of the CO2 laser’s importance to the medical field, he was elected as an honorary member of the Gynecologic Laser Surgery Society in 1980, and in 1985 he was elected an honorary member of the American Society for Laser Medicine and Surgery. In 2018, the American Laser Study Club established the Kumar Patel Prize for Laser Surgery in honor of his invention of the carbon dioxide laser and its critical importance in laser surgery. He was named the first recipient of the prize. He is a member of NAS and NAE and is the past president of APS (1995) and Sigma Xi, the scientific research society (1993 to 1995). He co-chaired (with N. Bloembergen) the APS Study of the Science and Technology of Directed Energy Weapons. Dr. Patel received his BE in telecommunications from the College of Engineering in Poona, India, in 1958. He received an MS and a PhD in electrical engineering from Stanford University in 1959 and 1961, respectively.

MATTHEW J. REAGOR is the vice president of R&D at Rigetti Computing and the chief technology officer of the Superconducting Quantum Materials and Systems Center, one of five research centers funded by DOE as part of a national initiative with the goal to develop and deploy the world’s most powerful quantum computers and sensors, headquartered at Fermilab. Dr. Reagor’s research concerns applied quantum information processing techniques and algorithms for superconducting quantum devices. His PhD thesis in the Schoelkopf Laboratory at Yale introduced the first millisecond quantum memory for superconducting qubits. In the past several years, Dr. Reagor has been working toward tests of possible quantum advantage at the scale of hundreds of low-noise physical qubits.

KATHY-ANNE BRICKMAN SODERBERG is a principal research scientist at the AFRL Information Directorate in Rome, New York. Dr. Soderberg is the primary investigator and team lead for AFRL’s Trapped-Ion Quantum Networking group. Dr. Soderberg received a BS in physics from the College of William and Mary, an MS and a PhD in physics from the University of Michigan, and is a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Chicago. Dr. Soderberg has more than 20 years of technical experience in atomic physics and quantum information processing. Her graduate work focused on trapped-ion quantum computing research and included key demonstrations of phonon-mediated entangling gates and proof-of-principle quantum algorithms (the Grover search algorithm). Her postdoctoral work focused on novel neutral-atom quantum computing and the difficulties associated with targeted atomic interactions and optical lattice translation and control. Before joining AFRL, Dr. Soderberg was a scientific and technical consultant for quantum information science.

JAMES (JIM) C. STEVENS (NAE) retired from Dow Chemical as the Dow Distinguished Fellow, Dow’s highest scientific position, where he worked in the Core Research and Development Department. Dr. Stevens is currently the CEO of Stevens Solutions, LLC, providing scientific consulting in chemistry, materials science, photovoltaics, and battery technology. His primary field of research is in new catalysts and the high-throughput discovery of organometallic catalysts. Dr. Stevens and his team developed and commercialized numerous new polyolefin materials, which are produced on a multi-billion-pound scale annually. He is a member of NAE and has been awarded numerous awards, including the Perkin Medal, the American Chemical Society (ACS) Award in Industrial Chemistry, and the Carothers Award, and was named a “Hero of Chemistry” by ACS. Dr. Stevens has a BA in chemistry from The College of Wooster, a PhD in inorganic chemistry from The Ohio State University, and an honorary doctor of letters from Texas A&M University.

RUDOLF MARIA TROMP (NAE) received a PhD in physics and mathematics from Utrecht University (cum laude) in 1982. In 1983 he joined the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center as a research staff member. At IBM he has held various management positions and served as a consultant to the IBM Corporate Technology Team (an advisory body to the CEO). His research has focused on semiconductor surfaces, interfaces, and processes, epitaxial thin film growth, silicide formation, phase transitions, quantum dot and nanowire formation, thermodynamics, etc. He has developed advanced experimental

techniques, including spectroscopic scanning tunneling microscopy, low energy electron microscopy, and in situ and liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy. Several of his inventions have been commercialized and are in use in laboratories worldwide. Dr. Tromp has published more than 280 refereed papers and several book chapters and has 50 U.S. and international patents. In 2006, he became (in addition to his position at IBM) a professor at Leiden University in the field of physics of surfaces and materials. Dr. Tromp is a fellow of APS, AVS, the Materials Research Society, and the Mineralogical Society of America, and a member of NAE.