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PRIORITIES FOR UNIVERSITY RESEARCH IN TRANSPORTATION Proceedings of a Workshop March 18-19, 1976 National Academy of Sciences Building Washington, D.C. Conducted by the Office of University Research, Office of the Secretary U.S. Department of Transportation and the Committee on Transportation âAssembly of Engineering National Research Council VB 2c 30k |PP Gk-\ NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Washington, D.C. 1976 NAS-NAE NOV 22 1975 LIBRARY
16-0193 NOTICE The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the Councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review Committee con- sisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. This is a report of work supported by Contract No. DOT-0S-40022, Task Order No. 4, between the Department of Transportation and the National Academy of Sciences. Available from Committee on Transportation Assembly of Engineering National Research Council 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418 Order from cal National Techni e, Servic Information Va. Springfield, 22161 pp ga I1O Order No!=âââ"
PREFACE This report consists of the proceedings of the Workshop on Priorities for University Research in Transportation held at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C., March 18-19, 1976. The workshop was co-sponsored by the Office of University Research of the Department of Transportation and the Committee on Transportation of the National Research Council. Created by the National Academy of Engineering in 1970, the Committee on Transportation (now operating under the Assembly of Engineering of the National Research Council) advises the federal government on matters of transportation policy and technology. In its first report, Urban Transportation Research and Development, pub- lished in 1972, the committee recommended, among other things, that the Department of Transportation (DOT) give increased emphasis to support of transportation research at universities. Following the committee's report, the DOT created the Program of University Research (PUR). PUR's objectives are to stimulate rele- vant, high quality, and innovative research at universities; to encourage.use of modern tools of analysis; to encourage industry and local, state, and regional agency participation and sponsorship; and to attract more of the nation's best young talent to the pursuit of careers in transportation. Since 1972 the committee, at the request of the DOT, has advised PUR on subjects to be included in the research program, and on the potential application of results. The committee also has assisted the DOT in planning and conducting PUR workshops in areas related to the work of the committee. The purpose of this workshop was to bring together DOT officials, transportation researchers, and users to consider what important re- search topics in transportation should be given priority by the Program of University Research. The committee and the Office of University Research of the DOT jointly planned the organization and agenda of the workshop and selected the panel keynote speakers, moderators, and secretaries, and the areas of transportation research for discussion by the panels. The committee is responsible for the preparation of these proceedings. Following the keynote addresses, the workshop divided into four Study panels: Economics and Regulation; Socio-Behavioral Sciences; Science and Technology; and Planning, Implementation, and Operations. Each panel was chaired by a moderator chosen from the academic iii
community and had a secretary from the DOT selected for a special know- ledge of the subject. After discussing a broad range of research subjects, each panel developed a list of research topics considered to be of high priority. These topics and the topics identified by the keynote speakers were synthesized by the moderators, keynote speakers, and secretaries for presentation to participants. On the second day of the workshop, each panel secretary presented the list of priorities to the entire workshop. Another discussion period followed each secretary's report. The panel moderators then commented on the findings of their panel, relating these, when appropriate, to the findings of the other panels. These proceedings provide the individual views of the speakers and workshop participants and the recommendations of the panels. They do not necessarily represent the views or policies of either the Committee on Transportation or the Department of Transportation. A list of the participants and their affiliations is included in this report on pages 82-85. iv
COMMITTEE ON TRANSPORTATION Raymond L. Bisplinghoff, University of Missouri-Rolla, Chairman Kurt W. Bauer, Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission Donald S. Berry, Northwestern University William L. Garrison, University of California-Berkeley Lawrence R. Hafstad, General Motors Corporation (Retired) William J. Harris, Jr., Association of American Railroads S. W. Herwald, Westinghouse Electric Corporation J. Erik Jonsson, Texas Instruments, Incorporated Samuel Z. Klausner, University of Pennsylvania Lawrence R. Klein, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania Harold L. Michael, Purdue University Rene H. Miller, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Wilfred Owen, The Brookings Institution Milton Pikarsky, Chicago Regional Transportation Authority James P. Romualdi, Carnegie-Mellon University Wilbur S. Smith, Wilbur Smith and Associates William M. Spreitzer, General Motors Corporation John R. Fowler, Executive Secretary Stanley Y. Kennedy, Assistant Secretary Doris E. Taylor, Administrative Assistant Marion C. West, Administrative Secretary PLENARY SESSION KEYNOTE SPEAKERS Michael J. Rabins, Workshop Moderator John W. Barnum, Implications of Transportation Policy John W. Snow, Economics and Regulation Samuel Z. Klausner, Socio-Behavioral Sciences James P. Romualdi, Science and Technology Martin Wachs, Planning, Implementation, and Operations PANEL ON ECONOMICS AND REGULATION Ann F. Friedlaender, Moderator Byron L. Nupp, Secretary
PANEL ON SOCIO-BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Alan Altshuler, Moderator Douglas B. Gurin, Secretary PANEL ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Herbert H. Richardson, Moderator Robert W. Pinnes, Secretary PANEL ON PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, AND OPERATIONS William L. Garrison, Moderator Kevin E. Heanue, Secretary vi
CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION WELCOME Michael J. Rabins, Workshop Moderator U.S. Department of Transportation Raymond L. Bisplinghoff, Chairman Committee on Transportation KEYNOTE ADDRESS - "Research Implications of National Transportation Policy" Honorable John W. Barnum Deputy Secretary of Transportation PANEL KEYNOTE ADDRESSES ECONOMICS AND REGULATION 14 John W. Snow SOCIO-BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 19 Samuel Z. Klausner SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 23 James P. Romualdi PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, AND OPERATIONS 32 Martin Wachs PANEL SUMMARY REPORTS - Secretaries ECONOMICS AND REGULATION 38 Byron L. Nupp SOCIO-BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 44 Douglas B. Gurin SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 90 Robert W. Pinnes vil
Discussion 95 PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, AND OPERATIONS 59 Kevin E. Heanue Discussion 65 PANEL OVERVIEWS - Moderators ECONOMICS AND REGULATION 69 Ann F. Friedlaender Discussion 72 SOCIO-BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 74 Alan Altshuler SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 78 Herbert H. Richardson PLANNING, IMPLEMENTATION, AND OPERATIONS 80 William L. Garrison PARTICIPANTS 82 vili
