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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
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Appendix B

Literature Search Strategies

Long-Term Health Effects Stemming from COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration—Function Literature Search

Date of Search: 6/12/2023

Request: Functional changes due to Long COVID

Search Parameters:

Date: 2020—Present

Geographic Focus: All

Language: English

Databases: PubMed, Embase (Ovid) and Scopus

Article Type: Prospective cohort studies. If not many, include cross-sectional studies

Database Searches:

PubMed

(“Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome”[Mesh] or Post-Acute-COVID-19Syndrome[tiab] or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndromes[tiab] or Long-Haul-COVID-19[tiab] or COVID-19-Long-Haul[tiab] or Long-Haul-COVID-19[tiab] or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome[tiab] or Long-COVID[tiab] or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection[tiab] or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARSCoV-2-Infection[tiab] or Post-COVID-Conditions[tiab] or Post-COVID-Conditions[tiab] or Post-COVID-Condition[tiab] or Long-Haul-COVID[tiab] or COVID-Long-Haul[tiab] or Long-Haul-COVID[tiab] or long-covid[tiab]

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×

or pediatric-long-covid[tiab] or pediatric-PASC[tiab] or COVID-19/complications[Mesh]) AND (Employment[Mesh] or Unemployment[Mesh] or Quality of Life[Mesh] or “Functional Status”[Mesh] or “Disability Evaluation”[Mesh] or “International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health”[Mesh] or “Return to Work”[Mesh] or “Return to School”[Mesh] or “Occupational Health”[Mesh] or functional[tiab] or employment[tiab] or unemployment[tiab] or life quality[tiab] or “quality of life”[tiab] or return to work[tiab] or return to school[tiab] or trajectory recovery[tiab]) AND (“Prospective Studies”[Mesh] or prospective study[tiab] or prospective studies[tiab] or prospective cohort[tiab] or “Cross-Sectional Studies”[Mesh] or cross-sectional[tiab])

Language: English

Results: 262 results

Embase (Ovid)

Embase <1980 to 2023 Week 23>
1 *coronavirus disease 2019/co [Complication] 314
2 long covid/ or (Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or COVID-19Syndrome-Post-Acute or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndromes or Long-Haul-COVID-19 or COVID-19-Long-Haul or Long-Haul-COVID-19 or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or Long-COVID or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection or Post-COVID-Conditions or Post-COVID-Conditions or Post-COVID-Condition or Long-Haul-COVID or COVID-Long-Haul or Long-Haul-COVID or long-covid or chronic-COVID-syndrome or chronic-COVID-19 or COVID-long-hauler or COVID-19-long-hauler or long-haul-COVID or long-hauler-COVID or post-COVID-19-fatigue or post-COVID-19neurological-syndrome or post-COVID-19-syndrome or post-COVID-fatigue or post-COVID-impairment or post-COVID-syndrome or post-acute-COVID-syndrome or post-acute-COVID-19 or post-acute-COVID-19-fatigue or post-acute-COVID-19-neurological-syndrome or pediatric-long-covid or pediatric-PASC or long-covid-in-children or ((late-sequelae or long-term-sequelae) adj4 covid)).ti,ab,kw. 6377
3 1 or 2 6685
4 exp employment/ or exp unemployment/ or exp functional status/ or exp functional assessment/ or exp disability assessment/ or exp return to work/ or exp return to school/ or exp “quality of life”/ or exp occupational health/ or (employment or unemployment or functional or disability-assessment* or disability-evaluation* or return-to-school or return-to-work or life-quality or quality-of-life or occupational-health or trajectory-recovery).ti,ab,kw. 3011277
5 3 and 4 1422
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×
6 exp prospective study/ or (prospective-stud* or prospective cohort). ti,ab,kw. 1014974
7 5 and 6 201
8 limit 7 to English language 196
9 exp cross-sectional study/ or cross-sectional.ti,ab,kw. 805834
10 5 and 9 162
11 limit 10 to English language 161

Scopus:

TITLE-ABS-KEY((Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or COVID-19-Syndrome-Post-Acute or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndromes or Long-Haul-COVID-19 or COVID-19-Long-Haul or Long-Haul-COVID-19 or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or Long-COVID or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection or Post-COVID-Conditions or Post-COVID-Conditions or Post-COVID-Condition or Long-Haul-COVID or COVID-Long-Haul or Long-Haul-COVID or long-covid or chronic-COVID-syndrome or chronic-COVID-19 or COVID-long-hauler or COVID-19-long-hauler or long-haul-COVID or long-hauler-COVID or post-COVID-19-fatigue or post-COVID-19-neurological-syndrome or post-COVID-19-syndrome or post-COVID-fatigue or post-COVID-impairment or post-COVID-syndrome or post-acute-COVID-syndrome or post-acute-COVID-19 or post-acute-COVID-19-fatigue or post-acute-COVID-19neurological-syndrome or pediatric-long-covid or pediatric-PASC or long-covid-in-children) AND (employment or unemployment or functional or disability-assessment* or disability-evaluation* or return-to-school or return-to-work or life-quality or quality-of-life or occupational-health or trajectory-recovery) AND (cross-section* or prospective-stud* or prospective-cohort*))

Language: English

Results: 274

6/13/23—Title Screening

196 papers included

Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria:

  • Inclusion:
    • prospective cohort
    • exposure: covid
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×
    • outcomes: function, disability, quality of life
    • follow-up: 6 months 1
    • population: children and working-age adults
  • Exclusion:
    • ICU outcomes with short-term followup
    • pharmaceutical safety and treatment efficacy
    • elderly/geriatric population
    • in-hospital complications
  • Included as potentially relevant:
    • ICU/intubation/ventilation outcomes with 61 month followup
    • Shorter followup but relevant functional outcomes
    • Long covid in patients with specific conditions
    • Changes in function after rehab

6/20/23—Final Papers Included in Report Divided into Categories After Abstract Screening:

Children: 7

Hospital: 57

ICU: 13

Non-hospital: 51

Rehab: 14

Long-Term Health Effects Stemming from COVID-19 and Implications for the Social Security Administration—Health Effects Literature Search

Date of search: June 14, 2023

Search Parameters:

Date: 2020—Present

Geographic Focus: All

Language: English

Databases: PubMed, Embase (Ovid) and Scopus

Article Type: Exclude case studies—focus on large cohort studies

Database Searches:

PubMed

(“Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome”[Mesh] or Post-Acute-COVID-19Syndrome[tiab] or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndromes[tiab] or Long-Haul-COVID-19[tiab] or COVID-19-Long-Haul[tiab] or Long-Haul-COVID-19 [tiab] or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome[tiab] or Long-COVID[tiab] or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection[tiab] or Post-Acute-Sequelae-

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×

of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection[tiab] or Post-COVID-Conditions[tiab] or Post-COVID-Conditions[tiab] or Post-COVID-Condition[tiab] or Long-Haul-COVID[tiab] or COVID-Long-Haul[tiab] or Long-Haul-COVID[tiab] or long-covid[tiab] or pediatric-long-covid[tiab] or pediatric-PASC[tiab] or COVID-19/complications[Mesh]) AND (symptom*[tiab] or outcome*[tiab] or clinical-feature*[tiab]) AND (persist*[tiab] or clinical-sequelae[tiab] or evolution[tiab]) AND (“Cohort Studies”[Mesh] or cohort*[tiab] or retrospective stud*[tiab] or multicenter stud*[tiab]) NOT “Case Reports” [Publication Type]

Language: English

Results: 556

Embase (Ovid)

Embase {1980 to 2023 Week 23}
1 *coronavirus disease 2019/co [Complication] 314
2 long covid/ or (Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or COVID-19Syndrome-Post-Acute or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndromes or Long-Haul-COVID-19 or COVID-19-Long-Haul or Long-Haul-COVID-19 or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or Long-COVID or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection or Post-COVID-Conditions or Post-COVID-Conditions or Post-COVID-Condition or Long-Haul-COVID or COVID-Long-Haul or Long-Haul-COVID or long-covid or chronic-COVID-syndrome or chronic-COVID-19 or COVID-long-hauler or COVID-19-long-hauler or long-haul-COVID or long-hauler-COVID or post-COVID-19-fatigue or post-COVID-19neurological-syndrome or post-COVID-19-syndrome or post-COVID-fatigue or post-COVID-impairment or post-COVID-syndrome or post-acute-COVID-syndrome or post-acute-COVID-19 or post-acute-COVID-19-fatigue or post-acute-COVID-19-neurological-syndrome or pediatric-long-covid or pediatric-PASC or long-covid-in-children or ((late-sequelae or long-term-sequelae) adj4 covid)).ti,ab,kw. 6377
3 1 or 2 6685
4 (symptom* or outcome* or clinical-feature* or condition*).ti,ab,kw. 7813432
5 (persist* or clinical-sequelae or evolution).ti,ab,kw. 1230131
6 exp cohort analysis/ or cohort*.ti,ab,kw. 1678149
7 exp case study/ 99189
8 3 and 4 and 5 and 6 495
9 8 not 7 491
10 limit 9 to English language 489
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×

Scopus:

TITLE-ABS-KEY((Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or COVID-19-Syndrome-Post-Acute or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndromes or Long-Haul-COVID-19 or COVID-19-Long-Haul or Long-Haul-COVID-19 or Post-Acute-COVID-19Syndrome or Post-Acute-COVID-19-Syndrome or Long-COVID or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2-Infection or Post-Acute-Sequelae-of-SARS-CoV-2Infection or Post-COVID-Conditions or Post-COVID-Conditions or Post-COVID-Condition or Long-Haul-COVID or COVID-Long-Haul or Long-Haul-COVID or long-covid or chronic-COVID-syndrome or chronic-COVID-19 or COVID-long-hauler or COVID-19-long-hauler or long-haul-COVID or long-hauler-COVID or post-COVID-19-fatigue or post-COVID-19-neurological-syndrome or post-COVID-19-syndrome or post-COVID-fatigue or post-COVID-impairment or post-COVID-syndrome or post-acute-COVID-syndrome or post-acute-COVID-19 or post-acute-COVID-19-fatigue or post-acute-COVID-19-neurological-syndrome or pediatric-long-covid or pediatric-PASC or long-covid-in-children) AND (symptom* or outcome* or clinical-feature* or condition*) AND (persist* or evolution or clinical-sequelae) AND (cohort*))

Language: English

Results: 358

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×
Page 229
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×
Page 230
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×
Page 231
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×
Page 232
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×
Page 233
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Literature Search Strategies." National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. 2024. Long-Term Health Effects of COVID-19: Disability and Function Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/27756.
×
Page 234
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Since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in early 2020, many individuals infected with the virus that causes COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), have continued to experience lingering symptoms for months or even years following infection. Some symptoms can affect a person's ability to work or attend school for an extended period of time. Consequently, in 2022, the Social Security Administration requested that the National Academies convene a committee of relevant experts to investigate and provide an overview of the current status of diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of long-term health effects related to Long COVID. This report presents the committee conclusions.

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