New Generation Survival Ration: A Brief Report (1991)

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Excerpt from: Technical Manual Operator’s Manual Survival Kit, Hot Climate (July 28, 1986)

TM 33-1680-349-10 TOP LAYER Figure 2-1. The individual, Hot Climate, Survival Kit Complete Assembly — Continued 2-4

TM 55-1680-349-10 Figure 2-1. The Individual, Hot Climate, Survival Kit Complete Assembly — Continued Bay Item Function 1) Outer case Contains he kit in er case. 2 Inner case Contains small kit components. 8 Magnetic compass Determines direction of travel. 4 Het and mosquito Protects face and neck from nat insects. & Plastic spoon Provides aid for cooking and eating. 6 Reversible sun hat Provides protection from sun. 7 Survival manual Provides instructions on survival under all survival conditions. 8 First aid kit Contains medical items and inetructions for use. 8 Wood matches P) wides fire for warmth, cooking am ‘ smoke signals. 360 Food Packets Contains food for emergency use. 4l Tool kit Provides tools for building shelter. 82 Triozane com- pressed fuel Used to heat food; fire-starting aid. 3-5

TM 55-1680-349-10 2—15 FOOD PACKET 2—15 The individual hot climate survival kit contain: ‘x survival food peckets which ere to be used sD other food source is available. The food in «ch pecket is in concentrated form and should only be consumed with water to prevent personal dehydre tion. 2—16 MATCH BOX 2—16 [ CAUTION } When filling match box, place head of matches dewn to bottom and do net force wantches to obtain a enug Gt. The match box is a plastic waterproof contain with a screw-type cap which has a striker on the ir side. When the match box is filled with matches the etriker plate should be covered with scrap pa" prevent the matches from being imadver. J ignited whem removing or installing the cap o: -0 box. 2-18

TM 55-1680-349-10 2—17 TRIOXANE COMPRESSED 2—17 FUEL a [ WARNING ] Trioxane compressed fuel contains metaformaldehyde, which is highly toxic. Ingestion constitutes a medical emergen- cy. Wash hands immediately after handl- ing opened or leaking packages. The fuel is in a block form with each block wrapped and contained in a paper box which furnishes detailed instructions on use of the fuel. The fuel may be used for heating food or as a fire-starting aid when trying to burn green or wet wood and other bard-to-burn fuel items. See 3-18 FISHING KIT 2—18 The fishing kit is equipped with hooks, line and ar- tificial lures for catching fish. Instructions for use of Gis kit are furnished with the kit. Supplemental Gshing instructions are provided in the survival Wanual (AFM 64-5 or FM 21-76). 2-19

TM 33-1680-349-10 2—19 WATER BAG : 2—19 { CAUTION | When exposed to cold temperatures, the ‘water bag will become hard and rigid. Ex- ercise care when removing the bag from the survival kit and de not attempt to un- fold the bag until it has been warmed, which may be accomplished by placing the bag mext to your body. { CAUTION } Do net store water in the water bay, i below freezing temperatures. The water bag is a soft, pliable, plastic bag w. may be used for storing water accumulated from rainfall or some other water source. 2-20

TM 35-1680-349-10 _2—20 CANNED DRINKING WATER _ 2—20 The individual, hot climate, survival kit is equipped with twelve 10 2/3-ounce cans of drinking water which should be conserved for absolute emergencies only. It is recommended that you forage for rink- ing water before attempting to consume the canned water. Should a can of water be opened but not total- ty consumed, insure the remaining water within the can is stored in the water storage bag. 2—21 FRYING PAN 2—21 The frying pan is a lightweight teflon-coated gluminum device which may be used for cooking, eollecting rainwater, melting snow and ice for drink- ing water, or as a wash basin for personal hygiene. Holes are drilled in the side panels of the pan to pro- gide a means of inserting 8 wire or small branch for ese when lifting the pan when it is hot. 2-21

Excerpt from: Checklist for OV-1 Aircraft, Hot Climate Survival Kit (August 24, 1981)

Seq. No. Item to be inspected 7. . Matches (non-safety) 8. Food packet 9. Compressed trioxane fuel Seq. No. Item to be inspected Procedures (inspect for) Serviceability and container condition. Severe dent or a dent causing a sharp ridge; rust which cannot be removed by wiping with a soft cloth; packet punctured or leaking; can opener missing; il- legible printed instructions, date of manufacture. Container not sealed on four sides; instructions on container missing or illegible; crushed fuel bar. Procedures (inspect for) 10. Fishing tackle kit ll. Plastic water bag Broken seal around perimeter of container; corrosion of kit con- tents; broken or crackes con- tainer; missing instruction booklet; evidence of tampering. Tears, cuts, holes, cracks, breaks, or abrasions; sharp creases or wrinkles; attaching components loose or missing: foreign material on bag inside which may damage container or injure user; stickiness, oily film.

Seq. No. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Seq. No. Item to be inspected Plastic ball whistle (cont) Tarpaulin Hand saw assembly Packing list Operator's manual Item to be inspected Procedures (inspect for) evidence of dirt or foreign material; lanyard torn, cut, or missing. Holes, cuts, frays, tears, burns; loose or broken stitching; damaged grommets; legible in- structions. Blade bent, kinked, or broken; blade’ mounting screws missing; ring bent and will not rotate in blade holder. Torn or missing; legibility. Torn; pages missing; legibility; dampness. Procedures (inspect for) 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. Can, drinking water Frying pan Sunburn-preventive preparation Butane lighter fire starter Additional components Corroded or rusty; severe dent or buckling of can; punctured or leaking can; vacuum retention test. Dents, cracks, corrosion, sharp edges, burrs, silvers; cleanliness. Damage to the container; evidence of seepage or leakage; illegible instructions. Breaks or dents in container; evidence of seepage or leakage; illegible instructions. As necessary.

Excerpt from: TECHNICAL MANUAL Operator’s Manual Survival Kit, Cold Climate OV-1 Aircraft (June 1971)

Figure 1-1. Components of survival kit, individual, cold climate, OV-1 aircraft. 1 2 3 4 3 6 7 8 9. 16 11 12 Fishing tackle kit, survival type Food packets, survival (modified pack) (3) Sleeping bag, SRU-15/P Manual, survival, AFM 64-5 Pan, frying Hat and mosquito net Packing list (9x12-inch) No. 11-1-570 Case, survival kit Matches, nonsafety, wood (3) Sunburn preventive preparation Box, match, plastic, waterproof Spoon, picnic, plastic 13 14 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Fuel, compressed trioxane (3) Serviceable tag Man survival use of parachute AFM 64-15 Whistle, ball, plastic Candles, illuminating (2) Knife, pocket Mirror, emergency signaling Wire, commercial brass, 20 ft. Compass, magnetic, type MC-1 Saw assembly, hand, fingergrip Bag, storage, drinking water Signal, smoke and illumination

Figure 2-2. Emergency signaling mirror. 2-6. Sleeping Bag, Type SRU-15/P To remove slecping bag (3, fig. 1—1) from its case, remove the wing nut from the center bolt, insert knife blade at joint seam of bag container and cut securing tape until bag is free of container. Shake the bag down until filling expands to create more comfort and warmth. NOTE After each use of the bag, invert and shake out to properly dry. 2-6

2-7. Whistle, Ball, Plastic | The whistle (16, fig. 1—1) will alert and direct rescue parties at a much longer distance than by voice, and is less tiring. 2-8. Bag, Storage, Drinking Water CAUTION When removing bag from the kit, do not unfold it until it has been warmed with body heat or near a campfire. Also, water stored for an extended period can damage or fr eze the bag. | The water storage bag (23, fig. 1-1) is used to store available drinking water. 2-9. Candles, illuminating Illuminating candles (17, fig. 1-1) will not only pro- vide light for approximately 8 hours for each candle, but will also create warmth in a shelter. 2-10. Food Packets, Survival (Modified Pack) The food packets (2, fig. 1-1) are equipped with food rations that should be used only if there is no other food available. Cencentrated food should only be taken with water or it will cause dehydration. 2-11. Fishing Tackle Kit, Survival Type The fishing kit (1, fig. 1-1) is equipped with hooks, line and artificial lures for catching fish. Instructions 2-7

Excerpts from: AIR FORCE MANUAL SEARCH AND RESCUE SURVIVAL 1 February 1962 Air Force Manual #64-5 pp. 42-45 pp. 64-65 pp. 138-141

In mud flats, during winter, you may find wet mud at the lowest point. Wring mud out in a piece of cloth to get water, but don’t drink it if it is too salty or soapy-tasting. In some deserts you may be able to collect dew. Scoop out a hole, line the bottom with a piece of canvas, and fill the basin with pebbles taken from a foot or more underneath the surface. Dew may collect on the rocks and trickle down onto the canvas. Collect the water early in the morning. Dew may sometimes collect on exposed metal surfaces such as air- plane parts and the covers of tin cans, as well as on stones or small desert plants. Drain the dew into cup or mop up with cloth. It is possible to mop up as much as a quart of dew an hour. Look for water holes and wells along caravan routes. Purify all water from these sources. Small water holes in dried-out stream beds and low places, which are known to the natives, are often covered. Search care- fully for them. Water may be obtained from the roots of some desert plants that have their roots near the surface. The “water trees” of arid Australia are a part of the mallee scrub, one of the largest and most distinctive plant formations of southern Australia. Roots of these “water trees” run out 40 to 80 feet at a depth of two to nine inches under the surface. To get water from them, locate the root 4 or 5 feet from the trunk, pry it out of the ground, cut it into 2- or 3-foot lengths, and peel off the bark. Drain each section into a container, ur suck out the water. One large root usually will supply the needs of two or three thirsty men. Trees growing in hollows between ridges will have the most water. Thoee with roots 1 to 2 inches thick are ideal in size. Water can be carried in these roots by plugging one end with clay soil. Water from the roots of all water-producing plants is obtained in a manner similar to that just described. . Cactuslike or succul nt plants provide a good source of water. How- ever, do not drink from cactuslike plants which have milky sap. The presence of vegetation doesn’t always mean that surface water is available. But the actions of birds and animals give good clues for locating water. The sound of birds chirping in a semiarid brush country often means that water is near. Flocks of birds will circle over a water hole in very dry deserts. (Runways and trails of animals may lead to water.) Troptes You can get water that is almost clear from muddy streams or lakes by digging a hole in sandy soil 1 to 6 feet from the bank. Allow water to seep in, and then wait for the mud to settle. Water from tropical streams, pools, springs, and swamps is safe to drink only after it has been purified. Some water may be discolored or turbid. It may be partially cleared by filtering through an improvised filter such as parachute cloth. 42