NCHRP Web-Only Document 433

Limiting Damage to Flexible and Composite Pavements due to the Presence of Water

GUIDELINES

The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institution to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. Tsu-Jae Liu is president.

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Learn more about the Transportation Research Board at www.TRB.org.

COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMS

CRP STAFF FOR NCHRP WEB-ONLY DOCUMENT 433

Monique R. Evans, Director, Cooperative Research Programs

Waseem Dekelbab, Deputy Director, Cooperative Research Programs, and Manager, National Cooperative Highway Research Program

Roberto Barcena, Senior Program Officer

Anthony Avery, Senior Program Assistant

Natalie Barnes, Director of Publications

Heather DiAngelis, Associate Director of Publications

Jennifer Correro, Assistant Editor

NCHRP PROJECT 01-54A PANEL
Field of Design – Area of Pavements

Christopher David Abadie, Pine Bluff Sand and Gravel Company, Baton Rouge, LA (Chair)

Amit Bhasin, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX

Dar Hao Chen, Texas A&M University, Austin, TX

Trenton M. Clark, Virginia Asphalt Association, Richmond, VA

Mohamed K. Elfino, Jacksonville, FL

Richard Yigong Ji, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Atlantic City International Airport, NJ

Larry Patrick, Oklahoma Asphalt Pavement Association, Oklahoma City, OK

James A. Sherwood, FHWA Liaison

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUMMARY

CHAPTER 1—BACKGROUND

Work Approach

Overview of Report

CHAPTER 2—RESEARCH APPROACH

Guidelines Document

Webinar

Training Course

Stand-Alone Web-Based Application (DRAIN)

CHAPTER 3—FINDINGS AND APPLICATIONS

Overview

Summary of Guidelines Document

Chapter 2—Determine the Source(s) of the Moisture

Chapter 3—Identify the Key Mechanism(s) that are the Cause(s) of the Distress(es)

Chapter 4—Consider Design Features

Chapter 5—Consider Available Materials

Chapter 6—New Construction

Chapter 7—Maintenance and Preservation Strategies

Chapter 8—Rehabilitation Treatments

Other Key Project Deliverables

Webinar

Training Course

DRAIN Tool

Summary

CHAPTER 4—CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTED RESEARCH

Conclusions

Benefits of Implementation

Potential Barriers and Implementation Recommendations

Suggested Research

REFERENCES

APPENDIX A—BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDIX B—AGENCY SURVEY

APPENDIX C—INDUSTRY SURVEY

APPENDIX D—AGENCY SURVEY RESPONSES

APPENDIX E—AGENCY DESIGN CHECKLISTS

APPENDIX F—INDUSTRY SURVEY RESPONSES

APPENDIX G—AGENCY AND INDUSTRY SURVEYS

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Sources of water (Christopher, Schwartz, and Boudreau 2006).

Figure 2. Diagram illustrating the pumping mechanism in concrete and composite pavements.

Figure 3. Typical edge drain configuration (adapted from FHWA 2002).

Figure 4. Geotextile examples (GMA 2015)

Figure 5. Single-shaft, transverse rotary mixer used to mix cement into the soil as part of a soil stabilization process (image courtesy of Applied Pavement Technology, Inc.)

Figure 6. Example data entry page in DRAIN.

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Outlined content of the Guidelines document.

Table 2. Potential Preservation Treatments in Relation to Cracking Distresses and Severity (adapted from SDDOT 2021).

Table 3. Rehabilitation treatments best suited for asphalt pavement distress (adapted from TRB 2001).

Table 4. Agenda for 1-day training course.