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BIOTIC RESPONSES TO TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY CHANGES DURING LAST DEGLACIATION, GULF OF MEXICO 218 form Globigerinoides ruber increased to its greatest abundances of 70% during a period of low-salinity meltwater influx. Warm-water forms increased in abundance at 13 ka as the cool-water species Globigerina falconensis decreased in response to warmer SSTs. A brief reappearance of the glacial species Gr. inflata at the expense of warmwater forms at 11.4 ka marks a rapid, temporary migration of cold surface water into the Gulf of Mexico. This event is followed immediately by an interval of increased abundances of Gg. falconensis, and decreased abundances of N. dutertrei and Pu. obliquiloculata, and heralds the beginning of the Younger Dryas cooling in the Gulf of Mexico. Late deglacial warming at about 10.2 ka fostered the appearance of warm-water Holocene assemblages including Gr. menardii. Further warming at 5.5 ka distinguishes a warmer subzone in the late Holocene. The euryhaline species Gs. ruber bloomed during the early portion of the meltwater spike. After surface waters had warmed sufficiently at 13 ka, the low-salinity tolerant species N. dutertrei also showed higher abundances due to some combination of lower salinities and warmer temperatures. Lowest salinities at 12 ka favored the pink form of Gs. ruber. There is no faunal evidence that surface waters were cooled directly by meltwater influx. In fact, warm-water assemblages are present during the interval of lowest salinity. However, field observations suggest that most planktonic foraminifera probably migrated to deeper waters below the relatively fresh surface waters that were perhaps cooler. These results demonstrate the need for further high-resolution work on the response of oceanic fauna to rapid environmental changes associated with deglaciation, including temperature and salinity. 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