Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers (2018) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 86-118
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From page 86... ...
86 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers should maintain a sufficient number of analog phones in the event the network suffers a major outage. 7.6.6 Airport Safety and Security Systems Perhaps the most common applications found in an ACC are those dealing with security and public safety.
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From page 87... ...
ACC Technology 87 is not difficult. If the ACC also contains a security operations center (SOC)
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From page 88... ...
88 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers For example, initiation of a partial or full terminal evacuation, if it does not happen on site via a fire command center, would be initiated to trigger the fire alarm system visual strobes, voice evacuation announcement (through fire alarm or paging, depending on the locality) , textual messages through digital signage and television systems.
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From page 89... ...
ACC Technology 89 7.6.10 Building Management Systems (BMS) Building management is a key component of intelligent building design, where several subsystems tightly integrate so that they can operate with much greater efficiency, anticipating changes in weather and adjusting for the number of people in a given location, and so forth.
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From page 90... ...
90 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers to determine the effect on terminal business. Increasingly, GIS is used to depict the airport environment in 3-dimensional images.
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From page 91... ...
ACC Technology 91 given network segment during a specific period. The advent of reliable, secure Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)
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From page 92... ...
92 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) /Wide Area Network (WAN)
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From page 93... ...
ACC Technology 93 obsolescence of core equipment. A scalable network can handle the addition of users, network nodes, and sites, as well as new applications with increased bandwidth needs.
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From page 94... ...
94 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers The network should be sized to have enough excess operating capacity to maintain the initial operating traffic parameters (to be determined) and accommodate sustained peak loads during download/upload of information without effect on operational response times.
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From page 95... ...
ACC Technology 95 7.8.1 Proper Work Surface Setup • The work surface should be installed/adjusted to be approximately 25″ to 34″ high for seated work and to fit a range of operator sizes (ensure that adjustments can be made easily)
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From page 96... ...
96 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers 7.9 Managing ACC Video Output There are many ways to display information in an ACC, and all available options should be evaluated for the particular requirements of the ACC during the design phase of the project. Depending on the physical size and layout, the ACC may have a video wall, separate video display screens arrayed throughout the facility, video monitors on each workstation (in some cases multiple monitors)
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From page 97... ...
ACC Technology 97 7.9.2 Video Walls Although some ACCs may choose to use large wall-mounted displays, the trend is to use a video wall. A video wall consists of multiple panels arranged according to the dimensions of the ACC and associated viewing distances.
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From page 98... ...
98 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers • Whether the ACC has a video wall or LCDs scattered around the space, the ACC will need a control system to feed imagery to the displays. Ideally, the video control system will be able to display video from various sources, including – Video feeds from the video management system.
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From page 99... ...
ACC Technology 99 the potential to include broadband access (at least on the cable feed) , which would be routed differently from the telephone lines into the ACC, should be examined.
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From page 100... ...
100 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers Figure 7-3. Integrated communications for airport security system.
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From page 101... ...
ACC Technology 101 some form of notification to a call taker and/or dispatcher. This notification may be a telephone call via 911 from any telephone on the airport, from the security system indicating a perimeter breach, a fire alarm from any building on airport, or from airport operations.
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From page 102... ...
102 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers Airports that operate preferential or exclusive use gates may also benefit from placing airport operations in the ACC, though interaction with the airline will be far less routine. 7.11.3 Facilities Management Facilities management/maintenance is a likely candidate for inclusion in an ACC because so much of the daily activity in an airport is either conducted by the facility group or their actions affect other airport operations.
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From page 103... ...
ACC Technology 103 In addition to monitoring internal and external networks, NOCs can monitor social networks to get an early awareness of disruptive events. Like an ACC, large NOCs are designed with several rows of desks facing a video wall that shows details of general network performance, alarms, and outages.
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From page 104... ...
104 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers video feeds to provide ACC operators with a clear picture of the location and the incident. By combining these resources into an information-rich incident package, operators have the best possible view of the event, which helps them assess what is happening and respond faster and more effectively.
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From page 105... ...
ACC Technology 105 of security possible. Section 8.7 of this Guidebook discusses creating a Facility Security Plan focused on the security of the ACC's physical presence.
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From page 106... ...
106 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers Modern operating systems contain some countermeasures for cyber threats running at elevated privilege levels, including requiring that digital signatures on software must be checked before the software is loaded for execution. Cyber-attack authors subvert this countermeasure by obtaining (most likely through physical exploitation)
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From page 107... ...
ACC Technology 107 cycle. Including a subsystem may require reassessment of the security risks to an airport's IT network using the designated controls -- this is a continuing process driven by the need to cope with evolving threats.
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From page 108... ...
108 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers • FOIA Requirements. As with record retention requirements, FOIA requirements may be imposed through state and local laws that require the airport operator to make certain data that is not governed by exemptions accessible.
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From page 109... ...
109 The primary mission of an airport staff is to ensure continuous, safe, secure, and efficient operation of everything within the physical boundaries of the airport, including runways, terminals, roadways, support facilities, perimeters, and critical infrastructure. A good working environment is critical to bringing about the clear, direct, and coherent communications necessary to achieve this goal.
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From page 110... ...
110 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers 8.2 Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) The CONOPS embodies the intended mission and functionality of the ACC.
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From page 111... ...
Operations 111 Three main factors to consider before writing an SOP: • The terminology used should be consistent with the terminology used in the airport. For example, if the physical access control system has been given a local name, such as ACAMS (access control and monitoring system)
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From page 112... ...
112 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers • Control document notation. The SOP is one of many SOPs; therefore, each SOP must be accurately cataloged using a taxonomy system similar to the guidance provided in Section 2.1 of this Guidebook.
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From page 113... ...
Operations 113 8.3.2 Management Role Airport management plays an important role in ensuring that the ACC environment is as stress-free as possible by engaging in employee-friendly activities that promote an atmosphere conducive to carrying out the mission of the airport, as well as attending to the needs of the personnel. Examples of employee-friendly policies and approaches include • Mandated breaks and desk-side exercises.
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From page 114... ...
114 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers 8.5 Facility Operations and Management Ensuring that the ACC maintains a comfortable working environment is critical. Every aspect of the working conditions -- from lighting to temperature control to physical space -- must be maintained in the most pleasant condition possible.
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From page 115... ...
Operations 115 • The EOC focuses on managing emergencies. An EOC is generally not occupied until it is "activated" by an incident.
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From page 116... ...
116 Guidance for Planning, Design, and Operations of Airport Communications Centers Perhaps the most important recommendation is the creation of an FSP. The FSP need not be a large document, but it should provide the necessary guidance to ensure that the ACC is protected.
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From page 117... ...
Operations 117 • Perform a risk assessment. A risk assessment is the process of collecting information and assigning values to risks for the purpose of informing priorities, developing or comparing courses of action, and informing airport management.
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From page 118... ...
118 S E C T I O N 9 This section of the Guidebook can be used by any size airport and by airports seeking to expand an existing ACC (rather than developing a new facility) and summarizes the optimal process and best practices.
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