A Risk-Management Strategy for PCB-Contaminated Sediments (2001) / Chapter Skim
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The Framework
The Framework
Pages 52-67
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From page 52... ...
The processes used by the federal and state agencies responsible for remediating contaminated sites should be broadened to address some ofthe concerns raised during the public sessions. EPA's development ofthe Contaminated[SeclimentManagement Strategy (EPA 1 998a)
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From page 53... ...
RISK-MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK PCB-contaminated sediments threaten ecosystems, marine resources, and human health and can have significant impacts on affected communities. Any decision regarding the specific choice of a risk management strategy for a contaminated sediment site must be based on careful consideration of the advantages and disadvantages of available options and a balancing of the various risks, costs, and benefits associated with each option.
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report Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment. EPA also developed a risk-assessment paradigm, particularly for human health (EPA 1989)
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~ RISK / Risk CHARACTERIZATION \ Estimation / Risk Descnption _ Communicating Results to the Risk Manager Risk Management _g _. _ ¢ CD 03 on 03 _ _ i FIGURE 3-2 The ecological risk assessment framework, with an expanded view of each phase.
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From page 57... ...
remedial process. As shown, opportunities for community review of potential remedies occur only after a list of remedial alternatives has been developed.
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From page 58... ...
It should tee able to provide the most effective and acceptable solution to issues related to PCB-contaminated sediments for all potentially affected and involved parties. The framework developed by the PresidentiaVCongressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management in its ~ 997 report FrameworkforEnvironmental Health RiskManagement (Figure 3-4)
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From page 59... ...
The framework is conducted as follows: · In collaboration with all affected parties. · With the use of more than one iteration of the framework if new information becomes available that changes the nature of the problem or the need for risk assessment or risk-management decisions.
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The commission's framework was selected by the committee because it was the most complete and flexible framework and deals with contaminated sediment situations from the identification of the site through risk assessment, implementation of the risk management strategy, and long-term evaluation. Other frameworks considered by the committee deal primarily with risk assessment, which is critical to the selection of a risk-management strategy and is part of a risk-based framework but not all of it.
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From page 61... ...
Alternatives assessment includes risk assessment but relegates risk assessment to looking at the disadvantages of each alternative. If applied to PCB-contaminated sediments, an alternative assessment might include the following elements: I
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The risks to be considered are those associated with the present PCB contamination, those that might occur while risk management is undertaken, and the short- and long-term risks that remain after risk management has taken place. Every attempt should be made to quantify risks to the extent feasible and in a timely manner, but there will always be some element of value judgment incorporated into the risk assessment.
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From page 63... ...
should provide sufficient guidance to perform valid risk assessments of PCB-contaminated sediments that can be used in examining options for risk management of PCB-contaminated sediments. At the center of the framework is community involvement (Chapter 4)
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From page 64... ...
The second stage in the framework is analyzing the risks (Chapter 6~. The risk-analysis stage is the risk assessment-risk characterization step of the process in which the specific risks posed by the PCB-contaminated sediments are assessed end placed into their multisource, multimedia, multichemical, and multirisk contexts and in which the gathered information is combined into a characterization ofthe risk ofthe PCB-contaminated sediments to humans and the environment.
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The sixth stage in the framework is evaluating results (Chapter 10~. At this stage of risk management, decision-makers and affected parties review what risk-management actions have been implemented and how effective they have been in meeting the management goals established in the first stage.
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and the use of all available sources of information. ~ The framework should be a refinement of the 1997 Framework for Environmental Health Risk Management developed by the Presidential/ Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management (PCCRARM 1997~.
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From page 67... ...
Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. PCCRARM (Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management)
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Key Terms
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