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3. Framework for Acquiring Sustainable Facilities
Pages 23-48

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From page 23...
... FORMAT . The framework is organized according to the facility acquisition phases outlined in Chapter 2: Requirements assessment Conceptual planning Programming/budgeting Design Construction Start-up To facilitate the decision making required in each phase' sustainable development considerations are posed as questions.
From page 24...
... Design J ~ Construction , 1 ~ Value engineering Start-up In the task group's framework, value engineering and life-cycle cost analyses to evaluate a range of sustainable development opportunities are used in conceptual planning, design, and construction. Using value engineering and life-cycle costing in the conceptual planning phase is not standard federal practice.
From page 25...
... Employing a macro-level value engineering analysis in the conceptual planning phase and a value engineering study at the (resign phase will support this process. If value engineering is applied only as a measure to mitigate project cost overruns, having a iffily documented history of the project philosophy, objectives, and decisions will help to avoid tradeoffs that may compromise sustainable development's strategic advantages.
From page 26...
... . _ ~ c~ ~ _ Each of these best practices is implicit in the task group's support of an integrated project team approach for acquiring sustainable facilities.
From page 27...
... Decisions made in this phase will begin to establish the parameters for sustainable development. Issues to be addressed include the following: · Mission or program.
From page 28...
... How will this facility contribute to meeting Executive Order 13123 goals for reducing greenhouse gases emissions, reducing energy usage, expanding the use of renewable energy, reducing the use of petroleum, and reducing water consumption? Conceptual Planning Phase Requirements ~ Conceptual ~ Programming/ assessment — planning — budgeting r value ~ l engineering | 1_ ~ .
From page 29...
... Sites or facilities served by public transportation will generally have less effect on nonrenewable energy sources, such as petroleum, because they offer commuters transportation options other than individual automobiles. However, there are always exceptions.
From page 30...
... Actions that can be taken to minimize nonrenewable energy consumption include reducing the use of petroleum by commuters by choosing sites served by public transportation. choosing sites that can be served by alternative fuels for use by agency vehicles.
From page 31...
... What effects could the design of the facility have on human health or productivity? Actions that can be taken to enhance indoor environmental air quality include using natural ventilation.
From page 32...
... In the conceptual planning phase, any value engineering effort will be at the macro-level, looking at such major project scope decisions as siting alternatives, utility needs, space requirements, preliminary budget estimates, and project alternatives The following questions can be addressed by a team of value engineers or a value . — engineering stun y: .
From page 33...
... . engineering · clearly stating agency goals and objectives for sustainable development in the program and budget documents.
From page 34...
... If the agency uses a performance-based contract? What contract method will best support the achievement of sustainable development objectives?
From page 35...
... For example, the application of value engineering on designbuild contracts may require special consideration. Value engineering should be used to evaluate the project requirements during the conceptual planning phase, which is normally done by the architectural and engineering firm prior to award of a designbuild contract.
From page 36...
... Actions that can be taken to optimize site potential include · orienting the proposed structures to take advantage of climatic factors such as sun angle and wind direction, thereby using passive measures to reduce energy consumption. · providing a central, public focus for a community of mixed-use facilities, using appropriate landscaping and providing amenities that promote social interaction and beneficial use of space in urban areas.
From page 37...
... Actions that can be taken to minimize nonrenewable energy consumption include · using such renewable energy resources as solar power, particularly for facilities off the utility power grid and where peak use of commercial power can be reduced. · allowing for adaptability of features (i.e., solar screening for summer, stone masonry during winter)
From page 38...
... Actions that can be taken to support using environmentally preferable products · designing building dimensions to allow for use of resource-eff~cient systems (e.g., matching building dimensions to standard-size furniture and interior fittings to eliminate waste created through custom fittings. using demountable and reusable interior building components to accommodate program changes.
From page 39...
... Actions that can be taken to enhance indoor environmental quality include: providing a well-designed interior environment that is visually and acoustically pleasing. providing thermal comfort with maximum personal control over temperature and humidity.
From page 40...
... Actions that can be taken to optimize operations and maintenance practices nclude having the facility manager and building engineering staff on the integrated project team before and during design to ensure that maintainability considerations are incorporated into the design. specifying low-maintenance, durable, environmentally preferable materials and equipment.
From page 41...
... An independent team conducts the study, which is then reviewed by the responsible agents in the agency. In the design phase the value engineering study can identify and provide alternatives for · materials and equipment that are highly technical and will require additional training for operation and maintenance personnel to operate them appropriately.
From page 42...
... Field changes, such as the placement of air ducts, may produce results that do not meet the sustainability objectives or goals. To preserve the benefits of sustainable development, it is essential to monitor the process to ensure that the contractor complies with the design drawings and specifications, including selecting materials and equipment with the specified performance characteristics.
From page 43...
... · Are there ways to ensure that energy conservation methods are not changed during construction? Actions that can be taken to minimize nonrenewable energy consumption include consulting with the designer before modifying the design to reflect common construction industry practices, to ensure such modifications do not affect design performance.
From page 44...
... Actions that can be taken to enhance indoor environmental quality include · flushing out the building of volatile organic compounds and other out-gases prior to sealing the building (although eliminating materials that produce these products is the preferred solution)
From page 45...
... Post-Start-Up: Operation and Maintenance of the Facility include If a facility's systems and equipment are not operated properly, sustainable development integration may not achieve the anticipated energy savings, indoor environmental quality standards, or expected service life. Actions that can be taken to optimize site potential after the facility is occupied · promoting car pooling by giving priority parking and subsidizing public
From page 46...
... Actions that can be taken to minimize nonrenewable energy consumption include operating and maintaining the facility in a manner that ensures optimal performance. consulting with the designer of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems when correcting deficiencies.
From page 47...
... complying with the facility operations manual, operating the systems as intended, and maintaining the equipment at optimal performance. monitoring facility performance and documenting energy savings and deviations from design targets, tuning the systems as necessary.


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