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(NAS Colloquium) Virulence and Defense in Host--Pathogen Interactions Common Features Between Plants and Animals (2001) / Chapter Skim
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Suramin Inhibits Initiation of Defense Signaling by Systemin, Chitosan, and a ß-glucan Elicitor in Suspension-cultured Lycopersicon Peruvianum Cells
Pages 111-116

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From page 111...
... We report herein that suramin potently inhibits binding of the polypeptide defense signal systemin to the systemin receptor in tomato cells. Suramin also inhibits rapid receptor-mediated cellular responses induced by systemin and oligosaccharide elicitors.
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From page 112...
... Previous studies had shown that elicitors of plant defense responses cause a rapid potassium ion efflux and proton influx leading to alkalinization of the culture medium of suspension-cultured cells through inhibition of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase (9, 10, 35~. The pH of the medium of cultured tomato cells had been shown to increase about 1 pH unit within 10 min in response to systemin and to remain at the higher pH for about 25 min (10~.
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From page 113...
... The reversible inhibition of the elicitor-induced alkalinization response suggested that suramin interfered with the binding of elicitors to their receptors, similar to its effect on animal growth factor receptors. To determine whether suramin 8864 1 www.pnas.org o ._ I_ ~ O N ._ O _ ._ to ._ y A _ — As _ ~ ._ 100 80 60 40 20 o systemin chitosan pmg elicitor it' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' I I 0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 Suramin DEMO Fig.
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From page 114...
... Suspension-cultured cells were treated with heparin at a concentration of 1,000 ,ug/ml and were treated 20 min later with systemin, chitosan, or pmg elicitor or left untreated. Heparin alone did not induce the alkalinization response, nor did it affect the systemin-induced response.
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From page 115...
... To provide further evidence that suramin may compete with binding of systemin to the systemin receptor on the cell surface, we measured the specific binding of an iodinated bioactive systemin derivative to its receptor in the presence and absence of suramin. In a radioreceptor assay, the specific binding of iodinated systemin to its receptor was inhibited by suramin in a concentration-dependent manner (Fig.
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From page 116...
... Tal~en together, the results of this study further support a role for the receptors of systemin, chitosan, and pmg elicitor in activating the intracellular events leading to defense gene activation in response to herbivores and pathogens. Suramin provides a tool to investigate receptor-mediated defense responses in plant cells.
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Key Terms

  • pmg elicitor
  • systemin receptor
  • mbp kinase
  • alkalinization response
  • growth factor

  • oligosaccharide elicitors
  • plasma membrane
  • carbohydrate elicitors
  • tomato cells
  • kinase activity

  • tyrosine phosphorylation
  • receptor interactions
  • signaling pathway
  • structural features
  • kinase assay

  • intracellular signaling
  • binding sites
  • tumor necrosis
  • animal cells
  • signaling events

  • systemin binding
  • protein kinase
  • photoaffinity labeling
  • signal systemin
  • respective receptors

  • suramin concentration
  • reversible inhibition
  • tomato plants
  • inflammatory response
  • alkalinization induced


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