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Status of the Dosimetry for the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (DS86) (2001) / Chapter Skim
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Glossary
Pages 177-183

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From page 177...
... APRF Aberdeen Pulse Reactor Facility ATB-At Time of Bomb designation to indicate that a particular event occurred at the time that the bombs were detonated in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, i.e., a reference point in time. ATM-At Time of Measurement A designation to indicate that a particular event occurred at the time that a specific measurement was made (usually later than ATB)
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From page 178...
... It is also used by the Radiation Effects Research Foundation in the assessment of risk following exposures to the radiation from the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. EAR-Excess Absolute Risk The excess risk attributed to irradiation and usually expressed as the numerical difference between irradiated and non-irradiated populations (e.g., 1 excess case of cancer/1 million people irradiated annually for each gray)
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From page 179...
... FISH-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization The use of DNA libraries derived specifically from particular chromosomes and conjugated with fluorescent molecules to generate reagents that cause distinctive fluorescence on individual chromosomes. Chromosomal aberrations involving the transfer of DNA from one chromosome to another (such as reciprocal translocations)
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From page 180...
... La-lanthanum Element number 57 of the periodic chart. LANL-Los Alamo National Laboratory A national laboratory in Los Alamos, NM, that played an important role in the development and testing of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs.
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From page 181...
... nine-parameter shielding A model that uses nine discrete physical parameters to describe the shielding from radiation provided to survivors by the houses in Hiroshima and Nagasaki NIST-National Institute of Standards and Technology A federal laboratory institute charged with maintaining expertise relative to measurements and standards. ORELA-Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator An accelerator in Oak Ridge, TN, used to increase the energy of neutrons.
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From page 182...
... (The n in Sn is the number of solid angle segments representing the polar angles in a cylindrical geometry or the total number of angles with nonzero weights in a spherical one-dimensional geometry.) A discrete representation of the spatial and energy variables in the discrete ordinates transport equation is obtained by dividing the geometry systems into a fine space mesh and by using a multigroup set of cross sections (Roesch 1987~.
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From page 183...
... It is usually expressed in terms of the equivalent tonnage of TNT required to produce the same energy release in an explosion. The total energy yield is manifested as nuclear radiation, thermal radiation, and shock (blast)
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Key Terms

  • atomic bomb
  • effects research
  • probability distribution
  • radiation effects
  • radiation weighting

  • weighting factor
  • atomic bombs
  • fission process
  • transport equation
  • energy released

  • dose rates
  • particular event
  • usually expressed
  • rays emitted
  • effective dose

  • random variable
  • event occurred
  • chromosome aberration
  • absorbed dose
  • nagasaki bombs

  • nuclear radiation
  • discrete representation
  • factor refers
  • discrete physical
  • total energy

  • segmentation method
  • beta particles
  • laboratory institute
  • equivalent tonnage
  • risk attributed


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