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Status of the Dosimetry for the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (DS86) (2001) / Chapter Skim
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5. Biological Dosimetry at RERF
Pages 74-78

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From page 74...
... These markers are, in general, a function of the magnitude of an exposure, and they have for some time offered the promise of specific dose determination for each person exposed to ionizing radiation. Efforts to determine biological doses of survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki began at RERF in 1968, shortly after cytogenetic dosimetry was first shown to be useful in radiation-dose reconstruction.
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From page 75...
... In addition to the biomarkers compared in Table 5-1, individual exposures to x or gamma radiation can be determined by using electron spin resonance to detect the physical signature left in tooth enamel by irradiation. The ESR signal is proportional to dose between 0.1 and 10 Gy and is independent of photon energy above 200 Key.
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From page 76...
... For example, areas where biological indicators of radiation dose and the doses derived from DS86 disagree can be looked for. Comparisons of specifically selected subsets of the LSS cohort can yield important evidence to support or refute discrepancies between DS86 and in situ physical activation measurements.
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From page 77...
... Recent analysis of stable chromosome aberration data obtained from Geimsastained cultures from approximately 3000 survivors in Hiroshima and Nagasaki confirms there is a statistically significant difference in the number of chromosome aberrations seen in the two cities at any given dose (Nakamura and Preston 2000~. Survivors in Hiroshima had an average of 6.6% aberrant cells per sievert of exposure; whereas Nagasaki survivors had 3.7% aberrant cells per sievert (see Figure 5-2~.
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From page 78...
... Biodoses have served to confirm a potentially significant difference between the two cities, which if substantiated could provide valuable information about the effect of the different qualities of radiation in the two cities (see Chapter 7~. ESR and stable chromosome aberrations have highlighted important potential inadequacies in the shielding models currently used in DS86.
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Key Terms

  • torpedo factories
  • lss cohort
  • dose assessment
  • factory workers
  • neutron doses

  • nagasaki torpedo
  • significant difference
  • independent dose
  • chromosome aberrations
  • tooth enamel

  • extremely useful
  • recent analysis
  • mutation assay
  • dose determination
  • stable chromosome

  • stable chromosomal
  • esr signals
  • fundamental difference
  • dose evaluation
  • electron spin

  • careful controls
  • human leukocyte
  • selected subsets
  • observation agrees
  • time offered

  • ray energies
  • geimsastained cultures
  • shielding configurations
  • allow biodose
  • staining plotted


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