Confronting Chronic Neglect The Education and Training of Health Professionals on Family Violence (2002) / Chapter Skim
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7 Priorities for Health Professional Training on Family Violence
7 Priorities for Health Professional Training on Family Violence
Pages 141-160
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From page 141... ...
As a result, little evidence exists to indicate what, when, or how to teach health professionals about responding to family violence, the success of current educational programs, or the impact of the training on victims of family violence. BUILDING A FIELD Several reports (U.S.
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From page 142... ...
Other efforts have the primary goal of developing training programs and providing training. For example, geriatric education centers were created to develop, support, and provide health professionals with training in geriatrics.
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From page 143... ...
In recommending an approach for the field of family violence, the committee explored suggestions from previous reports and studies on family violence as well as reports of successful approaches in other fields. A brief review of efforts to develop the field of family violence reveals some consensus on the needs of the field and how they might be addressed.
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From page 144... ...
A study of the response of health professionals to family violence in five communities resulted in similar recommendations (De Vos et al., 1992~. That report recommended improving victim access to care, increasing health professionals' knowledge and improving attitudes, implementing institutional policies that provide incentives for improving detection and care, improving coordination among health care institutions and community services, developing the knowledge base on family violence, and stimulating health professionals organizations to address the issue.
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From page 145... ...
Detailed recommendations based on these conclusions suggest ways to improve the training of health professionals to respond to family violence. These conclusions and recommendations are congruent with those offered in previous reports but are focused intensively on health professional training.
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From page 146... ...
The same holds true for clarity and consistency in data sources and research methods. Clear and consistent definitions, data sources, and methods are important for developing the evidence base to detail the prevalence of the problem as encountered in health care settings and the health care needs of victims, as well as to indicate the opportunities and roles of health professionals to address family violence.
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From page 147... ...
That is. having a proven curriculum will not ensure that health professionals receive the necessary training and adapt their practice behaviors.
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From page 148... ...
. Existing education theories about behavior change suggest useful teaching methods and approaches to planning educational interventions for health professionals tailored to the issue of family violence.
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From page 149... ...
In addition to efforts to change systems, techniques to reduce health professionals' biases the assumptions health professionals have about who family violence victims are and why they are maltreated may be useful in developing effective education on family violence. As with other professions that deal with family violence, cognitive biases held by health practitioners may have particular effects on the identification of victims and attributions of risk in cases of actual or suspected family violence.
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From page 150... ...
For individual health professionals, as for other individuals, personal and professional factors may influence beliefs about the desirability of education about family violence and how such education is received and applied. Health care professionals have concerns regarding inadequate time or preparation, discomfort with dealing with family violence, and beliefs that it is a private issue in which they should not be involved (e.g., Sugg and Inui, 1992; Newberger, 1977; Cohen et al., 1997~.
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From page 151... ...
A few states mandate family violence education for health professionals, but the committee could find no formal evaluations of the impact of the education provided in accordance with those laws. However, studies demonstrate that health professionals who have obtained any continuing education about child maltreatment (not necessarily mandated)
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From page 152... ...
The ultimate goal of these centers will be to develop training programs based on sound scientific evidence that prepare health professionals to respond to family violence. In recommending the creation of education and research centers, the committee reiterates and builds on recommendations from previous reports on family violence (U.S.
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From page 153... ...
The Geriatric Education Centers, which are funded by the Health Resources and Services Administration to develop and disseminate curricula and to support training on geriatrics for health professionals, were the subject of a formal national impact evaluation four years after their inception in 1983 (Engle and Jackson, 1991~. The number of centers grew from 4 in 1983 to 38 in 1989.
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From page 154... ...
The development of training programs for health professionals should involve educational research on: · identification of the range and extent of training needs within and across professions; · assessment of current education efforts, including both content and teaching strategies; · the development, testing, and evaluation of model educational strategies (including content and methods) for education and training;
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From page 155... ...
The centers should offer training to: · translate research findings into educational and clinical practice; · expand the number of scholars and educators from multiple disciplines working in the area of family violence who can provide training in health professional schools and other training settings; and · provide settings in which multidisciplinary training efforts are modeled. Based on research findings and collaborative experience, advice on policy should be developed regarding a number of issues, including: .
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From page 156... ...
approaches to promoting and sustaining behavior changes by health professionals. In addition to federal efforts supporting research, scholarship, and curricular development, leadership and collaboration from the health sector are needed to develop effective training for health professionals on family violence.
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From page 157... ...
Recommendation 3: Health care delivery systems and training settings, particularly academic health care centers and federally qualified health clinics and community health centers, should assume greater responsibility for developing, testing, and evaluating innovative training models or programs. In addition to federal efforts supporting research, scholarship, and curriculum development, leadership from the health sector, including health care delivery systems and training settings, is needed to develop, test, and evaluate practical and effective health professional training on family violence.
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From page 158... ...
Recommendation 4: Federal agencies and other funders of education programs should create expectations and provide support for the evaluation of curricula on family violence for health professionals. Curricula must be evaluated to determine their impact on the practices of health professionals and their effects on family violence victims.
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From page 159... ...
Evaluation is critical to the development of effective training programs on family violence. The committee' s review of existing training programs for health professionals and the evaluation of those programs suggests that even when program development is funded, evaluation is usually not funded.
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From page 160... ...
These represent opportunities for educators, researchers, and policy makers to address and help reduce, if not resolve, problems related to the responses of health professionals to family violence and to develop the responsive health care system that family violence victims need. With sufficient human and financial investment and collaboration among diverse stakeholders, the committee is confident that significant progress can be made in meeting the training needs of health professionals and the health care needs of family violence victims.
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