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Glossary
Pages 215-226

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From page 215...
... A computer-based mathematical model used to predict air quality based upon emissions and the effects of the transport, dispersion, and transformation of compounds emitted into the air. Ambientair- Theairoutsideofs~uctures.Oftenusedinterchangeablywith "outdoor air." BAR97 The name for the test and equipment used in the California Enhanced Smog Check program.
From page 216...
... . Transportation conformity demonstrates thatplans, programs, and projects approved or funded by the Federal Highway Administration, or the Federal Transit Administration for reg~onally-sign~ficant
From page 217...
... Criteria air pollutants A group of six common air pollutants (CO, lead, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide) regulated by the Federal Government since the passage of the Clean Air Act in 1970 on the basis of information on health and/or environmental effects of each pollutant.
From page 218...
... A certification test for measuring the tailpipe and evaporative emissions from new vehicles over the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule, which attempts to simulate an urban driving cycle. Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR)
From page 219...
... —A new class of vehicles introduced with the Tier 2 emissions standards that includes sport utility vehicles and passenger vans rated at 8,5000 to 10,000 GVWR. Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO - The organized entity designated by law with lead responsibilities for developing transportation plans and programs for urbanized areas with populations of 50,000 or more people.
From page 220...
... National Ambient Air Quality Standar(ls (NAAQS) Standards set by EPA for the maximum levels of criteria air pollutants that can exist in the outdoor air without unacceptable effects on human health or the public welfare.
From page 221...
... Ozone exists in the upper atmosphere Stratospheric ozone) where it helps shield the earth from excessive ultraviolet rays, as well as in the lower atmosphere near the earth's surface (tropospheric ozone)
From page 222...
... Ping-pong—Colloquial term to describe the case where a car fails its emissions test at a testing facility, is repaired at a repair facility, goes back to the testing facility for retesting, and fails again. PM-2.5 A subset of particulate matter that includes fine particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 micrometers.
From page 223...
... resulting from RFG use in motor vehicles might tee significantly and consistently Tower Man such emissions resulting from use of conventional gasolines. The ~ 990 Clean Air Act Amendments requires sale of reformulated gasoline in the nine areas with the most severe ozone pollution problems.
From page 224...
... Three-way catalytic converter A catalytic converter designed to both oxidize CO and HC and reduce NOX emissions from gasoline-fueled vehicles Tier O vehicles- Vehicles that meet Tier O tailpipe standards. For light-duty vehicles, these tailpipe standards began with model-year 1981 and were phased out in model-year ~ 995 forpassenger cars and most light-duty trucks.
From page 225...
... Glossary 225 Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) The number of miles driven by a fleet of vehicles over a set period of time, such as a day, month, or year.


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