Effectiveness and Impact of Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards (2002) / Chapter Skim
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13 2 The CAFE Standards: An Assessment Twenty-five years after Congress enacted the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards, petroleum use in light-duty vehicles is at an all-time high.
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14 EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT OF CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY (CAFE) STANDARDS sea level to rise, and increasing the frequency of extreme weather events has grown stronger (IPCC, 2001, pp.
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THE CAFE STANDARDS: AN ASSESSMENT 15 cost-saving measure. CAFE standards have played a leading role in preventing fuel economy levels from dropping as fuel prices declined in the 1990s.
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16 EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT OF CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY (CAFE) STANDARDS seems to have increased, the SUV market, as it is today, did not exist in 1975.
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THE CAFE STANDARDS: AN ASSESSMENT 17 and 1980, the fuel economy of new passenger cars increased by 50 percent, from 15.1 to 22.6 mpg. At the same time, the size and weight of passenger cars decreased significantly (see Figure 2–5)
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18 EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT OF CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY (CAFE) STANDARDS well.
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THE CAFE STANDARDS: AN ASSESSMENT 19 wagons dropped from 1.9 to 1.4 percent over the same period. Large SUVs rose from 0.5 percent to 5.5 percent, while large station wagons dropped from 0.5 percent to zero (EPA, 2000)
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20 EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT OF CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY (CAFE) STANDARDS and Sarker, 1996; Jones, 1993)
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THE CAFE STANDARDS: AN ASSESSMENT 21 mestic manufacturers would otherwise have preferred to pursue. Whether, in the end, this was harmful to U.S.
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22 EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT OF CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY (CAFE) STANDARDS regulations and safety regulations have not prevented manufacturers from achieving their CAFE requirements.
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THE CAFE STANDARDS: AN ASSESSMENT 23 income of GM, Ford, and Chrysler is correlated closely with the business cycle and the competitiveness of each company's products (Figure 2-11)
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24 EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT OF CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY (CAFE) STANDARDS the need in general to counter the Japanese competition's reputation for quality)
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THE CAFE STANDARDS: AN ASSESSMENT 25 What Has Been the Effect of Changes in Vehicle Mass and Size on Motor Vehicle Travel Safety? Given these concerns about vehicle size, mass, and safety, it is imperative to ask about the safety effect of the vehicle downsizing and downweighting that occurred in association with the improvement in fuel economy during the 1970s and 1980s.
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26 EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT OF CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY (CAFE) STANDARDS teristics of the motor vehicle fleet at any particular time as a given.
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THE CAFE STANDARDS: AN ASSESSMENT 27 other informational concerns expressed in the 1992 NRC report. In the new NHTSA research, the effect on fatalities and injuries of an average 100-lb reduction in the weight of cars (or in the weight of light trucks)
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28 EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT OF CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY (CAFE) STANDARDS notes that the most recent NHTSA analyses (1997)
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THE CAFE STANDARDS: AN ASSESSMENT 29 studied by Kahane (1997) , there appears to be no empirical reason to expect those relationships will be different.
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30 EFFECTIVENESS AND IMPACT OF CORPORATE AVERAGE FUEL ECONOMY (CAFE) STANDARDS Transportation.
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