Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters BEIR IV (1988) / Chapter Skim
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V Nonmalignant Respiratory and Other Diseases Among Miners Exposed to Radon
V Nonmalignant Respiratory and Other Diseases Among Miners Exposed to Radon
Pages 489-496
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From page 489... ...
Public Health Service study described excess mortality from nonmalignant respiratory diseases.4 26 Between 1950 and 1977, a fivefold excess of death occurred from nonmalignant respiratory diseases, exclusive of tuberculosis, bronchitis, influenza, and pneumonia.26 Causes of death were primarily emphysema, fibrosis, and silicosis. The effects of cigarette smoking were not considered.
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From page 490... ...
The design of the investigation did not permit assessment of the effects of each potentially hazardous agents as radon daughters, silica, and diesel exhaust. With linear multiple-regression analysis that controlled for cigarette smoking, duration of mining was associated with reduction of the forced expiratory volume in 1 s and reduction of the midmaximum expiratory flow rate, but not with reduction of the forced vital capacity.
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From page 491... ...
Results from many studies of the mining populations have suggested that there is a slight excess risk of stomach cancer, which has an elevated incidence among other mining groups, including gold miners in Ontario without uranium mining experienced and coal miners in the United States. Among the Ontario uranium miners, no excess risk existed for those without prior gold mining experience (9 observed versus 9.55 expected)
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From page 492... ...
GYTOGENETIC STUDIES The frequency of chromosome aberrations in blood cells has been examined in uranium miners and other underground workers as a marker of injury due to ionizing radiation. Brandom and colleagues have reported on chromosome aberrations in uranium miners from the Colorado Plateau region of the United States.
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From page 493... ...
Potential reproductive effects of uranium mining received little further evaluation until the early 1980s. At that time, descriptive datafrom New Mexico were interpreted as suggesting the adverse reproductive effects caused by uranium mining, by affecting either uranium miners or those living in the vicinity of mines and mills.27 This more recent interest in reproductive effects caused by uranium mining followed reports of high rates of congenital malformations and spontaneous abortion at the Shiprock Indian Health Service Hospital, located in San Juan County, New Mexico, which serves Navajos in the northeastern portion of the Navajo nation.
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From page 494... ...
A preliminary study of Grants, New Mexico, area miners also suggested effects on the secondary sex ratio, and a study of 11 miners showed distribution of Y bodies in their semen different from that in control populations.~° Waxweiler and Roscoe25 reviewed the results of a 1965 questionnaire survey of Colorado Plateau miners; overall, the secondary sex ratio did not vary with cumulative WLM. When the participants were stratified at the population's median age of 24, the secondary sex ratio was significantly increased in the highest exposure category.
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From page 495... ...
1981. Development of lesions in Syrian golden hamsters following exposure to radon daughters and uranium ore dust.
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From page 496... ...
1981. Mortality followup through 1977 of the white underground uranium miners cohort examined by the United States Public Health Service.
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