Capitalizing on New Needs and New Opportunities Government-Industry Partnerships in Biotechnology and Information Technologies (2001) / Chapter Skim
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Panel V: Capturing New Opportunities
Panel V: Capturing New Opportunities
Pages 160-172
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From page 160... ...
The economic impacts of these topics are perhaps a decade or so away, but it is important nonetheless to make sure that current research needs are attended to, and that the public policy environment encourages further development. Each of the panelists, Mr.
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From page 161... ...
It is characterized by the high throughput or large-scale experimental methodologies combined with statistical and computational analysis of the results. The fundamental strategy in a functional genomics approach is to expand the scope of biological investigation from studying single genes or proteins to studying all genes or proteins in a systematic fashion.
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From page 162... ...
However, advances in computing capability allow scientists to take a gene sequence, infer the protein sequence using the genetic code, and then, using modeling techniques, infer the protein structure and function. For the past 15 years, biologists have been engaged in the comparative analysis of genes.
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From page 163... ...
Since this discovery, an entirely new pathway in obesity research has opened, one that would not have otherwise been undertaken. An example of a functional genomics technology is DNA microarray analysis, which enables researchers to monitor the activity of approximately 20,000 genes on a single chip.
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From page 164... ...
Using partial differential equations, Dr. Winslow simulated irregular electrical activity in the heart and represented it in a three-dimensional simulation of the beating heart.
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From page 165... ...
Romig described Sandia as a multi-program national laboratory whose principle mission is to help protect the national security. This includes ensuring the reliability of the nation's nuclear weapons through the stockpile stewardship program, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of the nation' s energy supply, protecting the environment through remediation programs, and developing sensing and monitoring devices to detect environmental problems.
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From page 166... ...
Breakthroughs in layered structures in the 1980s using nanotechnology have had broad-based applications in gallium arsenide semiconductors, which in turn have had major impacts on the wireless communications industry. Nanotechnology has also contributed to enhancing magnetic behavior in materials and improving surface hardness.
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From page 167... ...
Over the course of the next decade, Sandia scientists believe that a revolution will occur that will enable more than just computation to be done on silicon. Silicon-based technologies will be able to sense physical things, such as acceleration and temperature, act on that data with micromechanical devices, and communicate to the outside world using optical signals.
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From page 168... ...
The CMOS technology presently used in semiconductor manufacturing, as one tries to shrink it down smaller and smaller, runs into a physics wall having to do with quantum mechanical tunneling the walls of materials are so thin that electrons pass through them. There are ways, Dr.
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From page 169... ...
Finally, high-end computing helps scientists understand what nanotechnologies do. The passage of drugs through biomembranes calls for first principles models, models that scientists would like to link so that they can understand how an entire system works.
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From page 170... ...
, whose mission is radar jamming. Because disabling radar takes very little power, this small vehicle flies out to the radar tower, lands on it, and emits enough power to jam the radar.
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From page 171... ...
A biologically based sensor on a small vehicle will detect the agent, become fluorescent in a specific way depending on what the agent is, and transmit the identified agent using a fiber optic link to the command center. This yields very rapid detection of a particular agent.
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From page 172... ...
The Defense program budget, which is a funding source for the labs, is always under close scrutiny. The labs themselves have adopted a dual production and laboratory role, and production requirements have placed great strain on research budgets.
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