High-Energy, Nutrient-Dense Emergency Relief Food Product (2002) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-8
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From page 1... ...
However, USAID and DOD also participate in rapid, short-term food relief operations that require special high-energy, selfcontained food products not currently manufactured in the United States. Such products constitute the vanguard of food relief and are designed for use over the normally short period of time needed to establish a more permanent, stable, food-based relief pipeline.
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From page 2... ...
The charge to the subcommittee was as follows: Based on information on the nutritional requirements of target populations, food/nutrition specifications, product descriptions of similar rations already in use (e.g., emergency biscuits) , and recommendations by refugee nutrition experts, what are the committee's recommendations to these questions: 1.
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From page 3... ...
It describes the types of emergencies and populations expected to benefit from such a product, and the special circumstances inherent to food relief operations after natural or man-made disasters, famines, massive displacement of people, and other emergencies that must be considered in defining the nutritional, chemical, and physical characteristics the EFP should have. Chapter 2 describes the basic assumptions underlying the energy level chosen for the EFP, the calculations of macro- and micronutrient levels, and, in some instances, the recommended origin or modality of the nutrients to be used.
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From page 4... ...
The recommendations from Chapter 3 are presented in the form of a performance specification for use by the agencies in preparing a call for bids in Chapter 4. The subcommittee views the technical specifications recommended in this report as optimal, but recognizes that the sponsoring agencies may be forced to consider developing EFPs prepared and packaged in less desirable ways if cost becomes the primary consideration.
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From page 5... ...
A water activity level lower than 0.4 in the EFP is necessary to ensure protection against nutrient degradation. Microencapsulation of selected components and nutrients, particularly vitamin E together with highly unsaturated lipids, ascorbic acid, and iron (as FeNa EDTA)
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From page 6... ...
EFP Bar Fat Proteinb Carbohydrate SodiumC PotassiumC ChlorideC Calcium Phosphorus Magnesium Chromium Copper Iodine Irone Manganese Selenium r7 mc Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E Vitamin K Vitamin C Thiamin Riboflavin Niacin Vitamin B6 Folatef Vitamin Bl2 Pantothenic acid Biotin Choline N/A 51+ yr, men N/A 2-5 yr, children 2-5 yr, children 2-5 yr, children 9-13 yr, children 9-13 yr, children 14-18 yr, boys 51+ yr, women 1-3 yr, children 19-50 yr, women 1-3 yr, children 14-18yr,girls 14-18 yr, boys 14-18yr,boys 51-70 yr, women 14-18yr,girls 19-50 yr, men 51+ yr, men 1-3 yr, children 14-18yr,boys 14-18yr,boys 51+ yr, women 14-18yr,girls 14-18yr,girls 14-18yr,girls 51+, women 51+, men 1.3g 1.7g 2.0 g 768 mg 740 mg 190 mg 13 ~gd 560 ~gd 105 pg 16 mad 1.4mg 28 ~g 10.5 mad 500 ~gd 5~2 ~gd 16 mad 60pg 100 mad 1.2 mad 1.2 mad 11.2 mg NEd 1.2 mad 310 ~g DFEd 12 ~gd 3.9 mad 24 ~gd 366 mad 9-12 g 7.9 g 23-35 g 300 mg 396 mg 466 mg 180 mg 172 mg 45 mg 3 ~g 131 ~g 25 ~g 3.8 mg 0.33 mg 6.5 ~g 2.4 mg 117pg 1.2 ~g 2.2 mg 14pg 11.1 mg 0.28 mg 0.28 mg 2.6 mg NE 0.28 mge 72 ~g DFE 2.8 pg 0.9 mg 5.6 ~g 85 mg a Ration set at 2,100 kcal/d (IOM, 1995~. b From NRC (1989~; based on reference weights from IOM (1997)
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From page 7... ...
Pulpbased material with a moisture barrier coating should be used for the EFP primary packaging. A pouch constructed of a trilaminate consisting inside out of polyolefin, aluminum foil, and polyester or nylon should be the secondary packaging to keep oxygen at less than 2 percent throughout the 3-year shelf life of the product.
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From page 8... ...
Testing of the EFP must be conducted throughout the expected shelf life of the product and under conditions of delivery and storage simulating actual use, to ascertain the initial content and stability of nutrients throughout the expected 3-year shelf life. Standard methodologies for determining vitamin and mineral content of the EFP should be used, and appropriate procedures, such as those used for nutritional labeling, must be applied.
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