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3 Target Levels and Current Dietary Patterns
Pages 45-62

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From page 45... ... suggests a caloric intake adequate to meet individual needs based on sex, age, and level of phys 45 ical activity. This committee accepts as a target level a caloric intake matched to individual needs and appropriate to achieve and maintain desirable body weight. Read the entire page →
From page 46... ... DESIGNING FOODS TABLE 3-2 Percentage of Low-Income Children Screened with Weight-forHeight Above the 95th Percentile, 31 States, United States, 1984 Age and Group 0-11 months White Black Hispanic American Indian Asianb 12-23 months White Black Hispanic American Indian Asianb Number Examineda Weight-for-Height >9Sth Percentile 2-5 years 134,866 68,502 30,595 5,853 3,310 38,260 26,087 5,435 1,259 973 6.0 8.8 7.0 10.3 8.5 9.6 11.3 12.4 13.7 7.4 White82,597 4.1 TABLE 3-l Obese In(livi:luals, Black i53,675 5.3 97 980 in percen American Indian2,455 8.2 Group and Age White Black Asianb 1,791 3.9 Females 6-9 years 25 34 17.9 33.5 White 10,108 7.6 35 - 24.8 40.8 Black 7,836 5.6 45 54 29.9 61.2 Hispanic 417 12.2 55 64 34.8 59.4 American Indian 96 Insufficient data 65-74 36.5 60.8 Asianb 60 Insufficient data Males 25 34 35 44 45 54 55 64 65-74 Both sexes (Age adjusted) 25 74 20.9 28.2 30.5 28.5 25.8 17.5 40.9 41.4 26.0 26.4 27.2 41.1 NOTE: Obese is defined for men as a body mass index of 227.8 k/m2, and for women as a body mass index of 227.3 k/m2. Read the entire page →
From page 47... ... In general, saturated fatty acids raise the serum cholesterol level (certain exceptions were discussed in Chapter 2~. Furthermore, monounsaturated fatty acids have been shown to lower cholesterol levels relative to saturated fatty acids. Read the entire page →
From page 48... ... suggests that dietary fat not be restricted for children under 1 year of age; after this age, a decrease in the consumption of saturated fatty acids, cholesterol, and salt and an increased intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids should be followec3 with moderation. For the purposes of this report, the committee has accepted, for adults, the target level of 30 percent or less of calories from fat. Read the entire page →
From page 49... ... a NOTE: The shaded column represents the target level and the percentage of individuals who met it. :: :::: ::: :::: : ::::: :: ::: : : :: ~ ~:: ~ ~ : :~ ~ 1 ~ ^:^ ::~:: ::::: :: :: - : I: ~ I:: C7: I: :: ~:~ ~ : : :::::::::::: :::::::: : : ::: : 54 57 32 3 32 2 40 38 34 30 u ~ ~ ~: 41 43 46 48 47 52 45 10 10 13 9 14 / 8 aMean for entire survey population (37,785 individuals) Read the entire page →
From page 50... ... Saturated Fatty Acids: Influence on Serum Lipid Levels Saturated fatty acids are estimated to currently contribute about 13 percent of the total caloric intake of the average adult in the United States. These fatty acids, as a group, have been positively correlated with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease in many epiclemiological studies (Hegsted et DESIGNING FOODS al., 1965; Keys, 1970; Stamler, 1979) Read the entire page →
From page 51... ... This committee accepts, for adults, a target level of 10 percent or less of calories from saturated fatty acicis. Due to the unknown potential adverse eEects of prolonged intakes of high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the American Heart Association (1968) Read the entire page →
From page 52... ... 12.6 percent in the diets of children ages 1 to 5 (Table 35~. Data on 4-clay intakes indicate that 74 to 80 percent of children ages 1 to 5 and 64 to 66 percent of women ages 19 to 50 had diets that met the target level of 15 percent or less of calories from monounsaturated fatty acids (Table 3-7~. Read the entire page →
From page 53... ... 20 26 23 33 34 o o o 1 2 1 NOTE:: The shaded column represents the target level and the percentage of individuals who met it. SOURCE: Adapted from Human Nutrition Information Service, U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 54... ... Dietary Guidelines The National Institutes of Health consen sus development conference statement on osteoporosis recommended adequate nutri tion that included an elemental calcium intake of 1,000 to 1,500 mg/day for post 289 All 328 345 316 442 511 461 385 39 49 52 47 70 78 71 58 NOTE: The shaded column represents the target level and the percentage of individuals who met it. SOURCE: Adapted from U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 55... ... :: Aid:: :: :::: A, :: : ::: :: ::: :~6~.~;~;~:~ ~ ~ Do:::: ``, ~ ,~ I: 11 20 15 20 22 21 7 7 7 11 7 9 8 8 NOTE: The shaded column represents the target level and the percentage of individuals who met it. SOURCE: Adapted from Human Nutrition Information Service, U.S. Read the entire page →
From page 56... ... to Meet Target Level: 0-30 >30 All (mean) 14 27 28 23 26 29 27 28 26 25 49 58 56 29 32 39 42 NOTE: The shaded column represents the target level and the percentage of individuals who met it. Read the entire page →
From page 57... ... Nutritional iron deficiency is caused by inadequate amounts of iron in the diet and can adversely affect health status, including a reduction in maximal work capacity, altered immune response, and, in children, behavioral abnormalities and a reduction in intellectual performance (Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Life Sciences Research Office, 19844. Read the entire page →
From page 58... ... During pregnancy and lactation, it suggests a daily supplement of 30 to 60 mg of iron. This committee accepts as a target level the RDA for iron for the various age en cl sex groups. Read the entire page →
From page 59... ... Groups with the lowest intakes are those previously described as having the highest prevalences of impaired iron status, including children to age 5, males ages 11 to 14, and females their reproductive years, ages 15 to 50. In 59 The most current dietary intake data on men, women, and children are presented and compared to data from the 1977-1978 NFCS in Table ~18. Read the entire page →
From page 60... ... Dietary Level: -70 < 10~0 <70 ::~: :~::::::: :~:: :~:.:.:~:: :~: :.:~:~:::~:.:.:~::::.::. ~:~.~:~.~ ~:~4~: ~ 0~30 >30 12 18 27 26 34 38 10 14 23 30 44 55 56 13 26 2 4 33 NOTE: The shaded column represents the target level and the percentage of individuals who met it. Read the entire page →
From page 61... ... 1985. Comparison of effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in man. Read the entire page →
From page 62... ... Nationwide Food Consumption Survey, Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. Report 85-1, Human Nutrition Information Service. Read the entire page →

From page 45...

... suggests a caloric intake adequate to meet individual needs based on sex, age, and level of phys 45 ical activity. This committee accepts as a target level a caloric intake matched to individual needs and appropriate to achieve and maintain desirable body weight.

3 Target Levels and Current Dietary Patterns Pages 45-62

3 Target Levels and Current Dietary Patterns
Pages 45-62