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Is Soccer Bad for Children's Heads? Summary of the IOM Workshop on Neuropsychological Consequences of Head Impact in Youth Soccer (2002) / Chapter Skim
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Concussion Is a Brain Injury
Pages 7-8

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From page 7...
... David Hovda added that the mechanical injury further disrupts the chemicals responsible for brain functions which in turn can produce an altered state of consciousness and can explain many of the symptoms associated with what athletes sometimes report as a "ding." The initial insult to the brain unleashes a biochemical cascade of effects that may not surface for days to weeks following a concussion and makes the brain particularly vulnerable to additional injury, animal and human studies reveal, said Drs. Kelly and Hovda.
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From page 8...
... But if these young rats experience a mild concussion, they lose the ability to learn from an enriched environment and to become smarter. Their brains resemble those of otherwise similar mice raised in the normal banal environment, and they take as long as them to complete a maze.
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Key Terms

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  • significant brain
  • animal research
  • hovda noted
  • academic performance

  • traumatic brain
  • mice raised
  • energy source
  • male counterparts
  • concussion causes

  • intriguing animal
  • robin roof
  • concussion occurs
  • brain swells
  • seen following

  • afflict male
  • noted drs
  • severe brain
  • primary energy
  • convert glucose


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