Modeling and Simulation in Manufacturing and Defense Acquisition Pathways to Success (2002) / Chapter Skim
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4 Systems-of-Systems, Distributed Simulations, and Enterprise Systems
4 Systems-of-Systems, Distributed Simulations, and Enterprise Systems
Pages 63-76
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From page 63... ...
the long-term goal of having enterprise systems, or M&S systems that include all the aspects of a business enterprise from product development to manufacturing, to human resources, cost accounting, marketing, and sales. These three topics cut across several areas of M&S for defense acquisition and commercial manufacturing and present particular challenges for research and development.
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From page 64... ...
An M&S environment to support systems-of-systems evaluation would assist in evaluating a proposed defense system's mission effectiveness in the context of a specified set of possible design variations, operational use patterns, and engagement scenarios. Such an environment would need to contain a library of sensor, weapon, and command and control communication platform models that could be composed to model military systems-of-systems operating in physically realistic environments.
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From page 65... ...
Reductionist modeling methods, as noted, will often not be sufficient. DISTRIBUTED SIMULATIONS Advanced distributed simulations, which allow multiple participants connected by a network to interact simultaneously with each other, are becoming increasingly important in military and manufacturing applications.
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From page 66... ...
Distributed Collaborative Engineering Environments With the advent of high-speed networking technology and recent advances in modeling technology, a distributed and collaborative engineering environment is closer to reality. Several previous studies and ongoing efforts have used various terms to describe related or similar concepts, including simply "collaborative environment" (SBATF, 1998~; "advanced engineering environment" (NRC, 1 999a)
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From page 67... ...
A distributed and collaborative engineering environment would be a completely digital, networked software system in which design and manufacturing engineers and organizations would collaborate to simulate and design complex new systems or to upgrade and maintain legacy systems. Such a design environment should have the ability to store comprehensive design information in virtual inventories so that one could quickly retrieve previous design solutions.
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From page 68... ...
Virtual inventories would exploit the knowledge residing in legacy systems that contain designs and process plans by providing ways to index data for search and retrieval and by adapting the data to fit new technological capabilities and new design requirements. The potential benefit is large, as it is widely recognized that practicing engineers spend large portions of their work time searching through legacy data, catalogs, and earlier engineering projects.
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From page 69... ...
In today's technology, bandwidth demands exceed supply so that minimizing application bandwidth requirements and allocating bandwidth among applications are required to make simulation
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From page 70... ...
ENTERPRISE SYSTEMS An "enterprise system" is a consistent suite of interoperable application programs that serves all major functions of a business enterprise, including product design, manufacturing, cost accounting, human resource management, sales and marketing, and purchasing. Enterprise systems had their origin in computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
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From page 71... ...
Requirements to reach the ideal state include scalable enterprise systems; integrated model frameworks with real-time data management; standard frameworks for model construction; and integration of scalable enterprise systems in the supply chain. Generalized Er'`erprise Reference Architecture and Methodology "Enterprise engineering" is a term used for the set of activities dealing with designing and redesigning business entities, either industrial systems, administrative systems, or service systems (Vernadat, 1996~.
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From page 72... ...
72 MODELING AND SIMULA TION IN MANUFACTURING e E ~ ~ S ,~ ,cn ,a' a)
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From page 73... ...
M&S IN COMMERCIAL MANUFACTURING 73 arc E ' ~ E E E ; e 0 0 , ~ ~ -= e ,~c ~ | ~ ~ E o tt~ a=>' <0 C)
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From page 74... ...
The ability to simulate complex systems-of-systems is essential for evaluating the mission effectiveness of future weapons systems within SBA. Advanced distributed simulations are essential for achieving combat
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From page 75... ...
SEA will have to function in the context of these systems and will benefit from the development of the capabilities needed. In order to achieve the capabilities for simulating complex systemsof-systems, additional R&D is needed in the following areas: library of sensor, weapon, and command and control communication platform models that could be composed to model military systems-of-systems operating in physically realistic environments; a simulation environment that supports Monte Carlo and/or optimization simulation involving large numbers of runs with different random number seeds and parameter settings; a simulation environment capable of efficiently managing the interactions among a large number of mobile, communicating entities at a significant level of resolution; a simulation environment that supports ergonomic and informative human/computer interfaces; a simulation environment that supports interactive scenario and experiment definition and analysis; improved organizational behavior models; and improved human behavior models.
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