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Executive Summary
Pages 1-15

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From page 1...
... This report focuses on the research environment and attempts to define and describe those elements that enable and encourage unique individuals, regardless of their role in the research organization or their backgrounds on entry, to act with integrity. Although integrity and misconduct are related, the
From page 2...
... Committee on Assessing Integrity in Research Environments, which prepared this report, does not discuss or draw conclusions about current or proposed regulations or definitions relating to misconduct. The committee's goal was to define the desired outcomes and set forth a set of initiatives that it believes will enhance integrity in the research environment.
From page 3...
... OVERARCHING CONCLUSIONS Several overarching conclusions emerged as the committee addressed DHHS's need to develop means for assessing and tracking the state of integrity in the research environment: · Attention to issues of integrity in scientific research is very important to the public, scientists, the institutions in which they work, and the scientific enterprise itself. · No established measures for assessing integrity in the research environment exist.
From page 4...
... The most unpredictable and influential variable is the individual scientist. The human contribution to the research environment is greatly shaped by each individual's professional integrity, which in turn is influenced by that individual's educational background and cultural and ethical upbringing and the resulting values and attitudes that contribute to identity formation, unique personality traits, and ethical decision-making abilities.
From page 5...
... EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 quire support mechanisms, such as ombudspersons, that research team members can turn to with concerns about integrity, including reporting suspected misconduct. The committee found no comprehensive body of research or writing that can guide the development of hypotheses regarding the relationships
From page 6...
... Relevant literature was found in the areas of organizational behavior and processes, ethical cultures and climates, moral development, theories of adult learning and educational practices, and professional socialization. Viewing the research environment as an open-systems model,1 which is often used in general organizational and administrative theory, enables one to hypothesize how various components affect integrity in research (Figure 1~.
From page 8...
... 8 au o ~ .
From page 9...
... maximize the likelihood that education in the responsible conduct of research influences individuals and institutions rather than merely satisfies an item on a checkoff list necessary for that institution; 3. impart essential rules and guidelines regarding responsible conduct of research in one's discipline and profession in context; 4.
From page 10...
... In this way, there is no mistaking the message: communicating well, obtaining employment and research grants, excelling in teaching and mentoring, engaging in ethical decision making, and behaving responsibly are at the core of being a researcher, in addition to sophisticated use of knowledge to plan and execute research. Evaluation by Self-Assessment To optimize the institutional approach to fostering the responsible conduct of research, it is critical that organizations simultaneously implement processes for evaluating their efforts, thereby establishing a basis for organizational learning and continuous quality improvement.
From page 11...
... For example, existing means of conceptualizing and measuring the organizational climate will have to be adapted to this specific context of the assessment of the ethical climate within the research environment. Furthermore, to measure the effectiveness of efforts related to fostering integrity in the research environment, specific outcomes must be identified and defined within this context.
From page 14...
... Appendix B also provides examples of measures that have been used successfully to assess learning outcomes in professional ethics programs and that could be adapted to the research environment. On the basis of the available information, the committee describes practices that promote the responsible conduct of research and presents a model that captures the key components of the research environment and their interactivity.
From page 15...
... EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 15 possible standards of research behavior. When institutions committed to promoting integrity in research support those standards, the likelihood of creating an environment that promotes the responsible conduct of research is greatly enhanced.


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