Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids (2005) / Chapter Skim
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A Glossary and Acronyms AAP American Academy of Pediatrics Accommodation An adaptative response that allows survival, but at the expense of some more or less serious consequences on health or physiological function Action Demonstrated effects in various biological systems that may or may not have physiological significance Adaptation Maintenance of essentially unchanged functional capacity despite some alterations in steady-state conditions Adverse effect Any significant alteration in the structure or function of the human organism, or any impairment of a physi ologically important function, that could lead to an adverse health effect AI Adequate Intake AMDR Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range Association Potential interaction derived from epidemiological studies of the relationship between a specific nutrient and chronic disease BEE Basal energy expenditure Bioavailability Accessibility of a nutrient to participate in unspecified metabolic or physiological processes 973
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is determined DRI Dietary Reference Intake EAR Estimated Average Requirement EEPA Energy expenditure of physical activity EER Estimated energy requirement EPA Eicosapentaenoic acid EPOC Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption Erythrocyte A red blood cell FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FASEB Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology FDA Food and Drug Administration FFA Free fatty acids FFM Fat-free mass FM Fat mass FNB Food and Nutrition Board FQ Food quotient
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, and vegetarian plant foods and products, but no meat LBM Lean body mass LDL Low density lipoprotein LOAEL Lowest-observed-adverse-effect level -- the lowest intake (or experimental dose) of a nutrient at which an adverse effect has been identified LSRO Life Sciences Research Office MET Metabolic equivalent -- a rate of energy expenditure sustained by a rate of oxygen consumption of 3.5 ml/kg of body weight/min MI Myocardial infarction NHANES National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey- a survey conducted periodically by the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention NOAEL No-observed-adverse-effect level -- the highest intake (or experimental dose)
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and evaluates the risk; this step also includes a characterization of the degree of scientific confidence that can be placed in the Tolerable Upper Intake Level Risk management Process by which risk assessment results are integrated with other information to make decisions about the need for, method of, and extent of risk reduction; in addition, risk management considers such issues as the public health significance of the risk, the technical feasibility of achieving various degrees of risk control, and the economic and social costs of this control RMR Resting metabolic rate RNA Ribonucleic acid RNI Recommended Nutrient Intake RQ Respiratory quotient SD Standard deviation SDA Specific dynamic action SE Standard error SEM Standard error of the mean SMR Sleeping metabolic rate TEE Total energy expenditure
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Department of Agriculture VLDL Very low density lipoprotein WHO World Health Organization
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