Technology Development for Army Unmanned Ground Vehicles (2002) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-12
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Congress, too, has recognized the potential of unmanned systems and has mandated that at least one of every three future Army systems be unmanned. The Army UGV technology development program includes unmanned ground vehicles; however, it is unclear whether UGV technologies can be developed rapidly enough to keep up with the accelerated acquisition pace of the Army FCS program.
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Follower UGVs are the focus of current Army development and demonstrations. Preceder UGVs are follower UGVs with advanced navigation capability that minimizes the need for TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ARMY UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLES operator interaction to achieve A-to-B mobility.
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projects, including: Tactical mobile robot Unmanned ground combat vehicle Perception off-road, and Organic air vehicle. The overall Army UGV program includes teleoperated UGV operations, soldier-in-the-loop experimentation, and demonstrations of both follower and semiautonomous mobility under controlled environments.
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on overall UGV system performance. Metrics do TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ARMY UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLES not exist, and there are no procedures for benchmarking algorithms, so there is considerable uncertainty as to whether the current algorithms are the best available.
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While a UGV has the advantage of not needing to be designed around human crew limitations, it also has the disadvantage of needing mechanisms to replace human driving judgment. Thus, salient uncertainty surrounds how design requirements for UGV mobility platforms can be integrated with perception technologies to provide the capability to avoid obstacles, both positive and negative, that the platform is not hardened to overcome.
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6 TABLE ES-3 Capability Gaps in Autonomous Behavior Technologies Degree of Difficulty/Risk Low Capability Gaps Technology Areas Searcher Donkey Wingman Hunter-Killer Perception A-to-B mobility on-road A-to-B mobility off-road Situation awareness Algorithms for real-time two-dimensional mapping anf1 lr,~.nli7.ntir~n continues
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7 TABLE ES-3 Continued Capability Gaps Technology Areas Searcher Donkey Wingman Hunter-Killer Navigation Planning Path Use DIED maps; 1-km Plan relative to leader; Tactical formation planning. replanning for obstacle reason about overlapping avoidance.
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^~y I FoR 4~y ~~ ~~ ~~ TABLE [S-4 Misty Gaps in Supporting Tcchnology Arcas Degree of D1~cuh~sk Low Cam Is Technology Ins Swabber Donkey W1ngm~ Hunter-~ller Hum=~ot 1nteracOon (Hm) ob111~ Co~c~s Powe~energy Hemp mince H~ ~~ ~ b=~g _ w1~ sensitive Dada Low b~dw1~ for "breadcru~s " lock to group.
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Like human-robot interaction technologies, health maintenance developments will require extensive experimentation and testing. TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION AND ROADMAPS TO THE FUTURE The Army's UGV technology development program is not organized so as to enable the acceleration of systemlevel UGV developments.
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For teleoperated ground vehicles (TGVs) , human-robot interaction, health maintenance, communications, and power/ energy technologies assume major prominence.
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Army mission needs and operational requirements for UGV systems can evolve in a spiral development process as a technology integration program advances, provided the program is focused on maturing the underlying technologies and achieving system integration of those technologies at several useful levels of vehicle capability. Focusing on a few specific applications for the experimental prototypes, some of which may be simulated, is essential to maturing the needed technologies and resolving the significant issues of system integration.
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Acivocate for UGV Development The Army' s UGV program must cut across existing program "stovepipes" and increase dedicated resources. If the objective is to field a network-centric autonomous ground vehicle for the Objective Force, then the Army must dediTECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR ARMY UNMANNED GROUND VEHICLES cate resources now to basic and advanced research and development with a common focus on achieving this end.
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