Sharing Publication-Related Data and Materials Responsibilities of Authorship in the Life Sciences (2003) / Chapter Skim
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2. The Purpose of Publication and Responsibilities for Sharing
2. The Purpose of Publication and Responsibilities for Sharing
Pages 27-34
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From page 27... ...
The aim of the new publication was to create a public record of original contributions to knowledge and to encourage scientists to "speak" directly to one another. By providing intellectual credit publicly for innovative claims in natural philosophy, the journal encouraged scientists to disclose knowledge that they might otherwise have kept secret.
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From page 28... ...
It was pointed out at the workshop that companies whose scientists publish their findings typically receive the intellectual credit, recognition, and prestige that come with such disclosure to the entire scientific community. Such nonfinancial benefits can translate into increased publicity and increased perceived value of a company to potential investors and business partners.
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From page 29... ...
PUBLISHING AND COMMUNITY STANDARDS By facilitating communication between individuals who had worked in isolation from one another, the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society also contributed to the development of a scientific community. As a result, modern journals do more than simply register the intellectual accomplishments of individual scientists; they record a collective body of knowledge.
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From page 30... ...
A current topic of discussion in the scientific community is the possibility that published information in the life sciences will be exploited by bioterrorists. It is too early to say where those discussions wiD lead, but current community standards abide by regulations on access to some research materials (for example, radioisotopes, explosives, controlled 30
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From page 31... ...
An author who publishes a scientific paper describing a patented process, for example, may have a legal right to prevent others from using it, but the scientific community holds the expectation that an author will make available a license to use that process for research. From a social perspective, the two systems are complementary: patenting fosters the commercialization of ideas; 31
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From page 32... ...
Journal editors often compete for papers that increase the impact and standing of their journals in the scientific community and their mass media coverage. On occasion, journal editors have been willing to make exceptions to their usual policies on data sharing in return for the opportunity to publish a paper they believe wiD be of high impact in the scientific community and, increasingly, in the general public.
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From page 33... ...
It found that a majority of the scientific community held common ideas and values about publication and the role it plays in science, and that those ideas have guided the development of community standards that facilitate the use of scientific information and ensure its quality. Central to those ideas is a concept the committee caned "the uniform 33
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From page 34... ...
but also to provide them in a form on which other scientists can build with further research. All members ofthe scientific community whether working in academia, government, or commercial enterprise share responsibility for upholding community standards as equal participants in the publication system, and Al should be equally able to derive benefits from it.
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