GIS for Housing and Urban Development (2003) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
1. Introduction
1. Introduction
Pages 17-28
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 17... ...
was established as a cabinet-level agency in 1965. Under Title V1 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, HUD's Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity is responsible for the agency's federally assisted programs, including housing and community economic development, and for enforcement of related civil rights statutes.
|
From page 18... ...
Through the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998, Congress approved Public Housing reforms to reduce segregation by race and income, encourage and reward work, bring more working families into public housing, and increase the availability of subsidized housing for poor families.3 Homeownership reached a record high in the third quarter of 2000, when 67.7 percent of American families owned their homes (HUD, 2002a)
|
From page 19... ...
HUD'S OFFICE OF POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH To carry out its mission, HUD engages in research and develops policies help socially and economically disadvantaged Americans secure adequate housing in safe communities. PD&R contributes to HUD's mission by maintaining current information to monitor housing needs, housing market conditions, and the operation of existing programs; and by conducting research on priority housing and community development issues (HUD, 2002b)
|
From page 20... ...
. The management of information systems across an organization and the development of an agency's enterprise GIS demand the formulation of long-term objectives and plans at a high management level; as well as operational decisions, goal setting, resource allocation, and staff development at the middle management level (Obermeyer and Pinto, 1994~.
|
From page 21... ...
To understand the housing market in a neighborhood, HUD must have information about economic and market trends in the surrounding city and region. HUD's current GIS programs include software-based initiatives (Community 20/20, Etenvironmental]
|
From page 22... ...
The major components of HUD's research programs using GIS are the following: · Economic Affairs: analysis of mortgage trends, mortgage distribution, home ownership, and general demographic information for determination of fair market rent.5 · American Housing Survey: provision of national and metropolitan estimates of housing conditions and zoned data. · Policy Development: research leading to improved policy in support of mission goals.
|
From page 23... ...
High-speed information and communication technologies and related infrastructures link people and organizations in what Manuel Castells (1996) calls "the network society." The availability of information and networks for sharing it has transformed economic practices ranging from manufacturing to finance to marketing (creating, for example, the "e-economy")
|
From page 24... ...
Urban authorities are using GIS to study the rapid changes in the social and spatial make-up of neighborhoods. HUD is using GIS to better manage spatial data and better understand the spatial processes underlying housing market trends and the evolution of urban issues in the United States.
|
From page 25... ...
GIS provides the platform for the development of place-based data systems to measure the impact of federally supported housing programs and support housing policy decision-making, Upto-date, accurate information is needed for analyzing issues and trends, for examining the impact of programs, and to support nation-wide analysis.
|
From page 26... ...
Although this report does not discuss organizational issues, the contributions of an agency-wide GIS to HUD's internal program assessment and monitoring is described in Chapter 2. The agency routinely updates its information systems but HUD's current software systems (that is, Public and Indian Housing Information Center System, the Real Estate Management System, the Residential Assessment Subsystem, HUD's Central Accounting and Program System, and the Empowerment Information System)
|
From page 27... ...
Particular attention is paid PD&R's specific mission goals including: ensuring the availability and accuracy of essential data on housing market conditions and trends; disseminating this information to the public; conducting research to expand the knowledge base needed for improved policy and practice nationwide; and working through interagency groups to achieve consensus on housing and urban issues. At the request of HUD, this study was undertaken to provide perspective and guidance to the PD&R about current and future GIS research and applications, and to provide strategic direction for the agency.
|
From page 28... ...
The charge to the committee and the principal aim of this report is to provide perspective and guidance to the PD&R about current and future GIS research and applications and to provide strategic direction for HUD. Since HUD does not operate in isolation, the committee also considered the network of people who use HUD's data for policy and research purposes.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.