Science, Medicine, and Animals (2004) / Chapter Skim
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Regulation of Animal Research
Regulation of Animal Research
Pages 29-36
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From page 29... ...
ANIMAL WELFARE ACT The first federal law regulating animal research was the Laboratory Animal Welfare Act passed by Congress in 1966. This law covered the transport, sale, and handling of animals and provided for licensing of animal dealers to prevent pet theft and their sale to research facilities.
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From page 30... ...
It should be noted, however, that these species are protected under Public Health Service Policy, though this oversight applies only to those research facilities that receive federal funding. There are institutions, for example some private companies and small teaching colleges, which only use rats, mice, and birds that are not subject to the AWA or Public Health Service Policy.
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From page 31... ...
This law applies to any research facility that receives PHS funds, which includes most universities and colleges that perform animal research. Scientists must comply with guidelines set forth in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (the Guide, see below)
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From page 32... ...
STATE AND LOCAL REGULATION Individual states may regulate the care and use of animals for research even further. Massachusetts, for example, has its own laws governing the care of research animals, and the Massachusetts Department of Public Health licenses and inspects animal research facilities that house dogs or cats.
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From page 33... ...
but is also a central part of Public Health Service Policy on the humane care and use of laboratory ani mals. The Guide's recommendations are enforceable based on the Health Research Extension Act passed by Congress in 1985.
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From page 34... ...
A committee, organized at every research facility subject to the AWA, IACUC PHS Policy, or AAALAC accreditation, which must review and approve or deny every proposed animal protocol. Each animal protocol must include: -- A justification for using animals, the number of animals to be used, and the species chosen -- The procedures or drugs to be used to eliminate or minimize pain and discomfort -- A description of the methods and sources used to search for alterna tive to painful procedures -- A description of the search used to ensure that the experiment does not unnecessarily duplicate previous research Members must include: a veterinarian, a professional not involved in research (ethicist, lawyer, etc.)
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From page 35... ...
provides for the licens ing of experimental and other scientific procedures carried out on any vertebrate animal that may cause pain, suffering, distress, or lasting harm. This act covers all scientific procedures on any verte brate animal from a simple blood draw to major surgery.
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From page 36... ...
The ASPA regulates through licensing projects and individuals. Project licenses are issued to those responsible for directing research programs and personal licenses are issued to individuals perform ing specific scientific procedures such as giving an injection or taking a blood sample.
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