Preventing Earthquake Disasters: The Grand Challenge in Earthquake Engineering A Research Agenda for the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) (2003) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C: Time Line of Precipitating Events, Discoveries, and Improvements in Earthquake Engineering, 1811-2004
Appendix C: Time Line of Precipitating Events, Discoveries, and Improvements in Earthquake Engineering, 1811-2004
Pages 156-166
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From page 156... ...
Several people killed. Largest historical earthquake on East Coast of the United States occurs.
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From page 157... ...
Leads to development of seismic appendix in 1927 Uniform Building Code. Dam failure under static conditions establishes need for geologic evaluation of dam foundations.
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From page 158... ...
Recommended lateral force requirements are published, highlighting the importance of the structure period.
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From page 159... ...
Disasters initiated significant research on tsunamis, including numerical modeling of Japanese bays and harbors. Soil liquefaction and landslides lead to first zoning and land use regulations related to seismic hazards.
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From page 160... ...
Damage to bridge structures leads to new bridge design code and to ductile detailing in bridges. Damage to reinforced concrete hospitals results in new requirements for ductile seismic detailing of reinforced concrete hospitals.
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From page 161... ...
In response to San Fernando earthquake of 1971, Congress passes the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act (Public Law 95-124) to "reduce the risks to life and property from future earthquakes in the United States through the establishment and maintenance of an effective earthquake hazards reduction program." To accomplish this, the act establishes NEHRP.
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From page 162... ...
Strong local ground motions due to a distant earthquake source result in more than 8,000 people killed and over 50,000 left homeless. Research initiated on local soil amplification effects, particularly basin effects.
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From page 163... ...
Seismic Hazards Mapping Act passes in California, requiring geologic and geotechnical investigations to mitigate seismically induced liquefaction and landslide hazards. 1992 Tsunami (Nicaragua)
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From page 164... ...
Fractures and collapses of steel frames lead to reexamination of steel design codes and practices in Japan and confirm importance of ongoing welded steel moment frame research in United States. Widespread failures of bridges lead to reexamination of bridge design codes and practices in Japan and shed new light on bridge design provisions and practices in the United States.
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From page 165... ...
Deaths of at least 13,800 people from collapse of modern, multistory reinforced concrete and poorly reinforced masonry structures highlight need to ensure compliance with building codes.
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From page 166... ...
2004 Liquefaction-related damage harms port structures under weak shaking. Areas improved with ground treatment technologies perform successfully.
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