Biographical Memoirs Volume 83 (2003) / Chapter Skim
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Symour S. Kety
Symour S. Kety
Pages 60-79
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From page 61... ...
on May 25, 2000. He was an outstanding scientific statesman, but more significantly an eminent neuroscientist en cl pillar of biological psychiatry.
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From page 62... ...
Pediatricians were at that time concerned about the many children they saw with lead poisoning, probably due to their chewing on the leacI-containing paint on their cribs. Marshaling his long-time interest in and knowledge of chemistry, Seymour conceived of the idea of using citrate to treat lead poisoning, because citrate forms a soluble chelate of leacl that is relatively rapidly excreted in the urine.
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From page 63... ...
of the cerebral circulation, Schmidt hac! just publishecl his bubble-flow-meter technique for the quantitative determination of cerebral bloocl flow (CBF)
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From page 64... ...
of his interest in the cerebral circulation. He was in the process of formulating icleas about a method for measuring cerebral bloocl flow in human subjects that wouic!
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From page 65... ...
the difference in O2 concentrations between bloocl going to en cl coming from the lungs. Seymour reasoned that he couIcl apply the Fick principle indirectly by introducing into the bloocl a foreign, chemically inert tracer that cliffusecl freely across the bloocI-brain barrier en cl measuring the cerebral arteriovenous difference (i.e., difference in tracer concentrations in the arterial bloocl going to the brain en cl in representative cerebral venous bloocl coming from the brain)
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From page 66... ...
for CBF. This ingenious conceptual approach resulted in the KetySchmicit method for the quantitative determination of cerebral blooc!
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From page 67... ...
A frequent comment of his was, "Well, think about it." He valuccl conceptualization, originality, en cl uniqueness above all. In my very first project as a research fellow, which was on the effects of hyperthyroiclism on cerebral O2 consumption in man, we were scoopecl in the publication of the entirely unexpected fincling that the oxygen consumption of the brain remainec!
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From page 68... ...
His reply was that he hacl hacl the same question en cl hacl raisecl it with Felix en cl Bobbitt. They explained that it was exactly for that reason that they wan tell him, they thought that the scientific director of a research program on mental and nervous diseases should be a basic scientist and not a psychiatrist or neurologist in order to ensure rigorous en cl scientifically sound research.
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From page 69... ...
Some of these were Wacle Marshall, chief of the Laboratory of Neurophysiology, William WincIle, chief of the Laboratory of Neuroanatomical Sciences, Giulio Cantoni, chief of the Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, Kenneth Cole, chief of the Laboratory of Biophysics, David Shakow, chief of Psychology, and John CIausen, chief of the Laboratory of Socio-Environmental Sciences. He retainer!
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From page 70... ...
Because his nitrous oxide method measured only average bloocl flow en cl metabolic rates in the brain as whole, it conic! not localize changes in these functions in discrete regions of the brain.
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From page 71... ...
When usecl to examine the effects of visual stimulation, the autoracliograms clearly visuaTizec! the increases in CBF in the various structures of the visual pathways en cl lecl to the very first publishecl clemonstration of functional brain imaging, a fielcl now enjoying enormous popularity.
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From page 72... ...
clown from the position of scientific director to become the chief of the Laboratory of Clinical Science. Having completecl organization of the basic research components of the intramural research programs of NIMH en cl NINDB en cl being too humble to feel that he shouIcl or couIcl direct or interfere with the research of the outstanding en c!
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From page 73... ...
to his position as chief of the Laboratory of Clinical Science at NIMH en cl resumed his research on schizophrenia, this time focused on the question of genetic contributions to the disease. Previous studies of siblings en cl monozygotic en cl clizygotic twins hacl suggested a genetic influence, but they hacl failer!
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From page 74... ...
As a physiologist he made extraordinary contributions mainly to the fielcl of cerebral circulation en cl metabolism but also to general circulatory en cl respiratory physiology. As a wise and adroit statesman he
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From page 75... ...
him enormous international recognition en cl acclaim. He received many awards, honorary degrees, en cl honorary titles en cl was electecl into some of the most honorific societies, such as the National AcacIemy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts en cl Sciences, en cl the American Philosophical Society.
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From page 76... ...
" When Seymour was scientific director of NIMH, psychoanalysis was a powerful influence in psychiatry, en cl the NIH aciministration felt that the director of its research program shouic! undergo a personal psychoanalysis.
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From page 77... ...
the epitome of the traclitional French haute cuisine with its rich, flavorful sauces that he hacl come to admire so much. He later lamentecl the subversion of the classical French sauces by the advent of the nouvelle cuisine en cl cuisine minccur.
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From page 78... ...
The nitrous oxide method for the quantitative determination of cerebral blood flow in man: Theory, procedure, and normal values.
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From page 79... ...
Schulsinger. Mental illness in the biological and adoptive families of adopted schizophrenics.
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