Advancing the Federal Research Agenda on Violence Against Women (2004) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 9-34
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From page 9... ...
Moreover, while homicides declined during the 1990s for both men and women, the decline in intimate-partner homicides was greater for male than for female victims (Fox and Zawitz, 2002~. The importance of the problem of violence against women was acknowledged by Congress with the passage of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994.
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From page 10... ...
Violence Against Women Office, initiated a significant program for evaluating criminal justice responses to violence against women. Box 1-1 summarizes activities and research conducted by olP and NIT under the Violence Against Women Act; Table 1-1, which appears at the end of the chapter,
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From page 11... ...
. One emphasis of the framework set forth in Understanding Violence Against Women is the need to improve research methods.
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From page 12... ...
To build knowledge about preventing violence against women, the NRC report recommends that evaluation studies of prevention programs describe current services for victims and measure both short- and longterm effects of those services. It also recommends randomized, controlled outcome studies of legal and social service interventions with offenders, studies on the service-seeking behavior of victims, and studies on the use of discretion by officials in the criminal and civil justice systems.
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From page 13... ...
The presentations and discussions at the workshop will focus on the following issues: · Trends and patterns of victimization · Violence across the life course · Spatial distributions of violence against women · Situational determinants of violence against women · Testing deterrence models · Assessment and development of primary prevention · Motivations of offenders, and implications for treatment Background papers will be commissioned and will be circulated before the workshop, where short presentations will lead to detailed discussions of the major areas to be explored. After the workshop, the subcommittee will meet to discuss the outcomes and reach consensus on recommendations.
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From page 14... ...
. Following presentation of the papers, workshop participants discussed research gaps and suggested new efforts to meet research needs, especially to inform prevention strategies and assess intervention efforts.
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In 2000, the same survey again found that about one-third of all female victims of violent crime and one-third of rape and sexual assault victims described the offender as a stranger (Rennison, 2001~. At this point, we have no evidence that a separate theory is needed to explain violence by intimates and no reason to expect that the closeness (or distance)
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From page 16... ...
The theoretical and longitudinal literatures on violent crime and aggression generally are especially pertinent in this regard for determining whether new longitudinal studies focused on women's violent victimization are needed. Finally, because the majority of extant research on violence against women addresses intimate-partner violence, much of this report has a similar focus.
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From page 17... ...
C., Risk Factors Analysis of for Homicide in Violent official Intimate Relationships records O'Sullivan, C., Field Testing Evaluation Domestic Violence Risk Assessment Instruments: A Planning Study for an Experimental Evaluation Campbell, J C., Intimate Evaluation: Risk Violence Assessment interviews, Instruments: A Prospective analysis of Validation Field Experiment criminal records Cook, S., Investigating the Roles of Context, Meaning, interview and Method in the Measurement of Central Violence Against Women Constructs Multicity Multicity Evaluate the Danger Assessment Instrument; identify risk factors preceding intimate-partner homicide.
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From page 18... ...
Furthermore, identification and secondary analysis of existing datasets with respect to violence against women should be funded. Fisher, B., Extent and Nature of Sexual Victimization of College Women Tjaden, P., Violence and Threats of Violence Against Women in America Weiss, H., A PopulationBased Comparison of Assaultive Injury Patterns Among Hospitalized Pregnant Women Compared to Women of Reproductive Age Survey National Survey National Analysis of .
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From page 19... ...
H., Understanding Partner survey Violence in Native American Women Perilla, J., Domestic Abuse Among Latinos: Description and Intervention Pennell, S., Examining the Nature and Correlates of Domestic Violence Among Female Arrestees in San Diego Interview Community Interview Community Measure the prevalence of intimate-partner violence among Native American women in Plains tribes; examine risk and protective factors. Community Explore patterns of abuse within the context of Latino cultural values.
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From page 20... ...
Examine the timing of battering as women transition from welfare to work, and the effect of battering on women's work, relationships, and welfare recipiency. Identify risk factors of battered women for serious injury or death.
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From page 21... ...
Examine the experience of violence among immigrant women and systematic responses to immigrant battered women. Measure the prevalence of intimate-partner violence among nonmigrant or seasonal worker U.S.-born Latinas, nonmigrant or seasonal worker immigrant Latinas, and migrant or seasonal worker Latinas; examine cultural and other factors.
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From page 22... ...
Describe patterns of battered women's experience over time; test a prediction model of change in abuse; examine risk reduction strategies of battered women. Myers, S., The Effects of Analysis of National Examine the effects of welfare Welfare Recipiency on existing recipiency on domestic Domestic Violence dataset violence.
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Examine developmental antecendents of violence against women. Interview, Community analysis of official records Analysis of existing longitudinal dataset National Examine relationships between offender groups and intimate-partner violence, using developmental and life-span perspectives.
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From page 24... ...
In addition, studies of at-risk children and adolescents should include an examination of the relationship of risk factors, such as poverty, childhood victimization, and brain injury, to outcomes of sexual and intimate-partner violence. Heckert, A., Predicting Levels of Abuse and Reassault Among Batterer Program Participants Jouriles, E., Children of Battered Women: Reducing Risk for Abuse Analysis of existing longitudinal dataset Evaluation Community Multisite Build a prediction model to identify risk factors and outcomes of arrested batterers.
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From page 25... ...
A., Risk Factors Analysis of Community Examine child abuse as a risk for Violent Victimization of existing factor for adult victimization. Women: A Prospective dataset Study Betts, P., Women's Experience with Violence: A Collaborative Research Initiative for the Center for records, Research on Women and the interview Memphis Sexual Assault Resource Center Analysis of Community program and official Examine risk factors for sexual violence against women; evaluate a local sexual violence resource center.
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From page 26... ...
P., The Lexington Evaluation County Court: A Partnership and Evaluation Uekert, B., and Dupree, C., National Evaluation of Grants to Combat Violent Crimes Against Women on Campus Evaluate the impact of legal advocacy efforts on rates of intimate-partner homicide in terms of exposure-reducing potential. National State Interview State Evaluation National Community Evaluation National Assess the impact of funds provided under the Violence Against Women Act in addressing domestic violence (victim safety, offender accountability)
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From page 27... ...
analysis Domestic Assault Response Team. McFarlane, J., Increasing Victim Safety and System Accountability with Protection Orders: Evaluating a Collaborative Intervention Between Health Care and Criminal Justice Whitcomb, D., and Fisher, B., Research on Procedures of Institutions of Higher Education to Report Sexual Assaults Burt, M., National Impact Evaluation of Victim Services Programs Funded Through the S.T.O.P.
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From page 28... ...
Program National National Review Community of records Process Community evaluation Evaluation National Explore local implementations of model programs; study interactions among officials to develop a model of collaboration for a systematic approach to domestic violence; assess program effectiveness; and identify innovative, unique, and promising projects. Evaluate programs funded under the S.T.O.P.
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From page 29... ...
: An Evaluation of a Specialized Domestic Violence Court Davis, R., The Brooklyn Domestic Violence Experiment Feder, L., A Test of the Efficacy of Court-Mandated Counseling for Domestic Violence Offenders Community Experimental Community design Experimental County design Greenspan, R., and Experimental Community Weisburd, D., The design Richmond/Police Foundation Domestic Violence Partnership Evaluate the effectiveness of specialized domestic violence court sessions in terms of victim safety and offender recidivism. Examine the effects of courtreferred batterer intervention programs on subsequent attrition and recidivism.
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From page 30... ...
Hotaling, G., and Buzawa, E., Criminal Justice Intervention in Domestic Violence: Victim Preferences Victim Satisfaction and Factors Impacting on Revictimization Belknap, J., A Longitudinal Study of Battered Women in the System: The Victims' and Decision Makers' Perceptions Rivara, F., Protection of Women: Health and Justice Outcomes Smith, B., An Evaluation of Efforts to Implement No-Drop Policies: Two Central Values in Conflict Finn, M., Evaluation of Policies, Procedures, and Programs Addressing Violence Against Women Burt, M., and Harrell, A., National Evaluation of the VAWA Grants Wolf, M E., Protection of Women: Health and Justice Outcomes Analysis of existing dataset Community Interviews, Multisite longitudinal Follow-up Community evaluation Evaluation Multisite Evaluation Multisite Evaluation National Evaluation, Community cohort study Examine risk factors for victims and perpetrators, and preferences and dissatisfaction of victims with regard to the criminal justice system.
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From page 31... ...
Evaluate a county domestic violence court. Evaluation Community Survey National Evaluation Multisite Community Analysis of official records Multicity Evaluate the effect of domestic violence training on police officer perceptions of domestic violence, the amount of time police officers spend on the scene with victims of domestic violence, and the number of cases accepted for prosecution and resulting in .
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From page 32... ...
Evaluate enhanced judicial oversight to determine the effect of victim services and strong judicial oversight of and graduated sanctions for domestic violence offenders on recidivism, defendant and system accountability, and victim safety. Examine factors that influence judicial and prosecutorial decision making in domestic violence cases, and factors that influence victim/witness reluctance in bringing batterers to successful adjudication.
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From page 33... ...
Literature National review Measure the impact of programs in law enforcement, prosecution, and health care services. Review the state of knowledge on the impacts of justice components of the Violence Against Women Act to describe how the act has helped advance knowledge about effective controls.
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From page 34... ...
34 TABLE 1-1 Continued RESEARCH ON VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN Principal Investigator, Project Title Method Level Project Goal Recommendation 13: The panel recommends that a minimum of three to four research centers be established within academic or other appropriate settings to support the development of studies and training programs focused on violence against women, to provide mechanisms for collaboration between researchers and practitioners and technical assistance for integrating research into service provision. Worden, A., Research on Violence Against Women: Synthesis for Practitioners Literature National review Synthesize research on violence against women to guide practitioners.
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